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Tytuł:
Self-proclaimed Islamic State. The determinant of violence in the 21st century
Autorzy:
Janik, Wojciech J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Islamic State
Islamic terrorism
terrorist attack
Opis:
In the 21st century, terrorism has become one of the greatest threats. It can be compared to the traditional forms of armed conflict, but in the opinion of the author is not exactly the truth. It works mainly from concealment, and my strength is derived from the intimidation of the world community. Although the border between terrorism and war is still fading, these are two different threats to world order, order and security.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 89; 355-363
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Islamic State as a Potential Threat to the National Security of the People’s Republic of China
Autorzy:
Adamczyk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Islamic State
China
Uyghurs
terrorism
Opis:
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the threat that the activities of the Islamic State may pose to the national security of China. The article briefly describes the history of the establishment of ISIS and the functioning of the organization. The author also analyses the issues of classification of Daesh as a specific subject of international relations. In the next part of the article, the problem of recruitment of foreign fighters into the ranks of IS is discussed. It seems that it is the Chinese Xinjiang terrorists, who have had a time of fighting in the ranks of ISIS, that may pose a major threat to internal security and foreign interests of the PRC. The research problems for which answers can be found in this work are questions about the nature of the possible threat that the Islamic State may pose to the PRC. Is this threat still relevant after the inevitable destruction of the IS in Syria and Iraq in 2019? The present research has been carried out using the analysis and synthesis of secondary research material in the form of scientific studies and source texts. The research will use the historical method and, to a lesser extent, the analogy and quantitative approach.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2019, 30 (37); 131-145
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Caliphate Calls to Arms. European ISIS Fighters in the Light of Sociological Analysis
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Karolina
Szczepański, Marek S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
migration
terrorism
propaganda
ISIS
Islamic State
Opis:
The article concerns European volunteers travelling to Iraq and Syria to participate in armed jihad. It includes an analysis of propaganda materials prepared for potential ISIS fighters from Europe and the broadly understood West and the characterisation of the type of motives leading to the decision to travel to the territories occupied by the so-called Islamic State (the Caliphate). The theoretical system of reference was based on push-pull model combined with the cost-benefit theory which allowed to analyse this phenomenon in the context of the most popular theories of migration.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2017, 21(21); 118-129
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Barack Obama, Syria, and the Exertion of American Military Power
Autorzy:
Jervis, David
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Obama, Syria, Islamic State, military power
Opis:
This article reviews American policy toward Syria since the onset of its civil war there. It concentrates on debates and decisions about the use of American military power to influence events there. Before 2014, President Barack Obama consistently refused to use military power and, while he did initiate military action against the Islamic State in the summer of 2014, many in and out of the administration thought he should do more. This article identifies reasons for Obama’s hesitance and argues that some of his pre-2014 fears about using military power have been realized in later years.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych; 2017, 12, 1
1896-8279
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ISIS Communication Strategy
Autorzy:
Styszyński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
“Islamic State”
communication strategy
social media
Opis:
The present paper concerns studies on innovative communication and propaganda strategies of the main jihadist group called “the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria” (ISIS). In fact, media and Internet agitations enabled to reinforce ideological and operational influences of that organization and they affected different militants in the world who joined the battlefield in Syria and Iraq or carried out terrorist attacks in the West. Analysis of propaganda techniques reflects the following topics: liturgical speeches, official media channels, social medias and encrypted communication. Besides, the research demonstrates different audiences of ISIS communication strategy, which aims at affecting emotions and at stimulating opinions and reactions. The indoctrination concerns traditional, liturgical speeches delivered in Arabic by ISIS leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi who targets local populations in mosques. Moreover, it also reflects new technologies such as radio and TV stations, official websites or social medias that include sophisticated programs, high quality pictures, graphics and videos. However, the paper also deals with some advanced computer and Internet technologies, which enable to protect identities of jihadists who follow important conversations about ISIS objectives.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2016, 9; 171-180
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The American Military Strategy to Combat the ‘Islamic State’ in Iraq and Syria: Assumptions, Tactics and Effectiveness
Autorzy:
Waśko-Owsiejczuk, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594831.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
terrorism
Islamic State
United States
Iraq
Syria
extremism
Opis:
The American strategy to combat the ‘Islamic State’ rests on four pillars. The first is to conduct systematic air campaigns against the terrorists. The second involves increasing support for forces fighting the jihadists on the ground. The third is based on the strengthening of international cooperation in counter–terrorism operations. The fourth involves the provision of humanitarian aid to civilians displaced from the territories occupied by the jihadists. This article analyzes the assumptions, tactics, the most important decisions and actions of the American administration to combat the ‘Islamic State’. It is an attempt to provide answers to the questions: why has there been a growth of extremism in the Middle East? Why is the ‘Islamic State’ a new form of terrorist threat? How does it differ from other terrorist organizations? How was the ‘Islamic State’ created? What actions have been taken by the international coalition led by the United States in the fight against the jihadists in the Middle East? Is the strategy taken up by the United States effective? Does the defeat of the ‘Islamic State’ require the involvement of US ground forces in Iraq and Syria?
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2016, 45; 317-336
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trapped within the law. Will the Kurdish Jews return to their homeland?
Autorzy:
Graczyk, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
Kurdish Jews
homeland
Iraqi Kurdistan
Islamic State
Mansani
Opis:
Jews have lived in Iraq and Kurdistan for thousands of years. The vision of the founding of the State of Israel and the emergence of the Nazi ideology in Europe caused that the participation of Jews in social and cultural life and contribution to the development of education and the economy in Iraq ceased to have meaning. The strong influence of Nazi and anti-Zionist ideology led to discrimination and persecution of the Jewish minority in this country. The effect of this was the establishment of laws in the 1950s, which in exchange for permission to travel to Israel deprived Jews of Iraqi citizenship. Nowadays, the legal situation in Iraq and Iraqi Kurdistan has changed aTher the overthrow of Saddam Hussein’s regime. Currently, Kurdish law allows the appointment of representatives of ethnic and religious minorities, the creation of a cultural centres and the reconstruction of important places of worship, as well as obtaining compensation for lost property as a result of repression of previous Iraqi governments. However, the Iraqi New Constitution of 2005 and the Act of 2006, superior to Kurdish law, provide the opportunity to return and regain citizenship to those who lost it, but the exception is Jews who renounced their citizenship on the basis of the 1950 and 1952 laws. Despite the still strong ties with Iraq and Arab culture, Jews, especially Israeli, are deprived of the opportunity to return, regain their citizenship and claim their right to lost property.
Źródło:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities; 2018, 8; 157-166
2084-848X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Turkish Policy Towards War in Syria
Autorzy:
Szymański, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Turkey, Syria, Al-Assad regime, Kurds, Islamic State.
Opis:
Turkey is an important actor of the war in Syria. After the first months of the conflict the Syrian neighbour began supporting the opposition forces in the war and took a very critical approach to Bashar al-Assad’s regime, based on the assumption that the Syrian president must definitely resign from the office. It was a substantial change of the Turkish policy towards Syria in comparison to the first decade of the 21st century. The main goal of this article is an in-depth analysis of Turkey’s policy towards the war in Syria in order to identify the reasons for a specific, inflexible Turkish position. The author verifies positively a hypothesis that the Turkish policy towards Syria and the war there is a result of the interplay of many domestic and foreign policy factors in Turkey as well as the regional and international situation. The inflexible Turkish position is in this context a consequence of the more sectarian policy of the AKP government (reflecting the departure from the “strategic depth doctrine”) connected with the ideological factor as well as the negative consequences of the Assad regime’s actions for Turkish security and the increasingly complex Kurdish issue.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych; 2017, 12, 1
1896-8279
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Islamic State as a result of US-invasion of Iraq in 2003 and its subsequent occupation as well as defects in the contemporary international order
Autorzy:
Dudek, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/526946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Collegium Civitas
Tematy:
Islamic State
US-invasion
the contemporary international order
Iraq
Opis:
In the Author's opinion, Iraq - under the American occupation or political control - constituted a perfect base or a bridgehead of influences for the United States in the region (with potential sortie base to carry out its own activities, as well as those of allied intelligence agencies, in order to keep under surveillance terrorist groups). Is it possible, that the United States renounced 'altruistically' or 'honourably' such an opportunity, and despite the reports and warnings was surprised with the occurrence of the Islamic State? The Author puts in her study the following research question: "Was conducting a military invasion possible (and whether it is still potentially possible) in such a way, which would have effectively implemented a stable and democratic government in Iraq after taking full political control over it?''
Źródło:
Securitologia; 2015, 2 (22); 145-166
1898-4509
Pojawia się w:
Securitologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The evolution of the strategy of the Islamic State in the years 2014-2017
Rozwój strategii Państwa Islamskiego w latach 2014-2017
Autorzy:
Gac, Miłosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
Islamic State
terrorism
low cost
ramming
Państwo Islamskie
terroryzm
Opis:
In the last three years, the Islamic State (ISIS – Islamic State in Iraq and Syria) had to redefine its strategy as a result of air raids conducted by the antiterrorist coalition. The tactic is no longer concentrated on the territorial expansion and the creation of their own statehood, but on the attacks carried out by the so-called "lone wolves", just like in the case of their rival Al-Qaeda. The idea of a solitary attack is accompanied by a new method used by the terrorists – crashing into people or places with the help of cars. Since the events in Nice in 2016, this phenomenon, known as “ramming”, has taken a death toll in Europe.
Na przestrzeni ostatnich trzech lat Państwo Islamskie (ISIS – Islamic State in Iraq and Syria), wskutek nalotów koalicji antyterrorystycznej, musiało dokonać redefinicji swojej strategii. Taktyka działania, przestała się skupiać na ekspansji terytorialnej oraz na utworzeniu własnej państwowości, ale wzorem konkurencyjny Al-Kaidy, zaczęła opierać się, na zamachach tak zwanych „samotnych wilków”. Idei samotniczego zamachu, towarzyszy nowa metoda, stosowana przez terrorystów, jaką jest taranowanie z użyciem samochodu. Zjawisko to, znane w terminologii antyterrorystów jako „ramming”, od lipcowych wydarzeń w Nicei z 2016 roku, zbiera swoje śmiertelne żniwo w Europie.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2020, 52, 1(195); 12-22
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Circumstances of the rise of the so-called Islamic State according to Patrick Cockburn’s perspective
Autorzy:
Czapnik, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
jihad
Iraq
Syria
so-called Islamic State
Patrick Cockburn
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyze the rise of the so-called Islamic State in the perspective of a Middle Eastern and commentator for “The Independent”, Patrick Cockburn, who also publishes in the “London Review of Books. The text begins with a sketch of the geo-political determinants for the spread of the Islamic holy war, i.e. jihad. Then, it focuses on the disturbing phenomenon of sectarianism – directed mainly at the Shia branch of Islam – the attitudes of extremist Sunni preachers. The third chapter presents the complex combination of events that has contributed to the growth of extremist tendencies in Iraq. The subject of further deliberations is the conversion of the initially secular resistance to the regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria into a civil war, in which jihadists are the main opponents of the president.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2018, 50, 2(188); 5-18
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Struggle Against Global Terrorism as an Expression of a Clash Between Civilisat ions
Autorzy:
NAGAR, Nir Barkan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Global terrorism
fighting terrorism
Islamic State
national security
democracy
media
Opis:
The struggle against global terrorism is taking place, and it is between civilizations. It is a war against radical international terror, which is attempting to change the world order and is sowing fear among both citizens and governments. Huntington maintains that people can re define their identity and consequently the boundaries and compositions of civilizations change. The phenomenon of the ‘Islamic State’ illustrates this. There is a cultural difference between civilizations that support Islamic terror, which tramples individual rights, and Western civilizations that are dedicated to pluralism and democracy. The Western world for already seven decades has been under attack by international terrorism, and the peak is the phenomenon of the ‘Islamic State’, which began in the Middle East and now is attacking Europe, and not just Europe. A difficult global war is being waged, and it is necessary to find an effective response to the threat. This response will include a multi-system strategy that addresses ideology, media, financing, and operational activity, including the handling of European residents who joined the ranks of the Islamic State and acquired operational experience, returned to Europe, and constitute an infrastructure of terrorism and terrorist attacks. The integration of forces and resources, significant operational activity, and legislative changes that curtail individual liberties, in cooperation with the moderate Muslim population, will enable the West and Europe to defeat the terrorist entities that trample in all ways the fundamental values of humanity and human life.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2018, 11; 249-262
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Iran’s Engagement in Syrian Conflic t. Causes and Consequences
Autorzy:
OŻAROWSKI, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Syria
Bashar al-Assad
Iran
Hezbollah
the so-called Islamic State
Opis:
Since the 2011, Iran is deeply engaged in Syrian war in order to support and keep President Bashar al-Assad in power. Firstly, Iran started with political and diplomatic support and later turned into military and economic assistance. At the moment, it is believed that Syria is financially sustained by Iran. The main reason that Iran has determined for wide-scale engagement was the existential need for maintaining and then expanding its own regional power influences in the Middle East. If Syrian regime collapsed, Iran would be dealt with a big dilemma and it would loss Syria as a key military and political ally. Thus, Iran would have cut off his transit route to supply weapons to Lebanon for Hezbollah, as these transports still go across Syrian territory. It would surely diminish the Iranian position in the Middle East. Preventing such a case, Iran has been determined to engage in the Syrian conflict to a great extent, which, as a consequence, is charged with heavy costs. Although there is no exact data of Iran’s expenses for the Syrian War, it is supposed that this is in the range of 6 billion USD to 35 billion USD. At the moment, it can be said that engagement in Syrian war was beneficial for Iran, mainly in political sphere, yet the full consequences of this involvement will only be known in many months.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2018, 11; 201-210
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Islamic State as a source of terrorist threats
Autorzy:
Elak, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Obronnej
Tematy:
Islamic State
ISIS
terrorism
terrorist threat
Państwo Islamskie
terroryzm
zagrożenie terrorystyczne
Opis:
The article presents the Islamic State as a source of terrorist threats. In the eyes of ISIS fighters, the Western world is tantamount to moral corruption, and the lack of any values. By its actions, ISIS aims at pushing the followers of other religions out of the areas defined in the prophecies in the name of cleansing the world from evil. The author analyzes the activity of Islamic extremists in the context of the great wave of migration to Europe from the Middle East region. This phenomenon influenced changes in the international security environment, especially in the European Union countries. The author shows how ISIS, using ideology, pushes Islamic fundamentalists to prepare terrorist attacks. Combating such threats poses major challenges for anti-terrorist services.
Źródło:
Wiedza Obronna; 2022, 1; 71--87
0209-0031
2658-0829
Pojawia się w:
Wiedza Obronna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Boko Haram – the Evolution of Jihad Activity in Nigeria 2015–2019
Boko Haram – ewolucja aktywności dżihadystycznej w Nigerii w latach 2015-2019
Autorzy:
Wejkszner, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179032.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Boko Haram
Islamic State
Nigeria
jihadism
terrorism
Państwo Islamskie
dżihadyzm
terroryzm
Opis:
This article analyzes the rise and evolution of Boko Haram, a Nigerian jihadist organization operating since March 2015 under the banner of Islamic State. The key changes in the ideology, tactics, and goals of Boko Haram have been identified providing in-depth insight into how and why the organization has evolved. The evolution of jihadist activity of Boko Haram included at least two dimensions: firstly – the extreme radicalization of paramilitary struggle manifested in the massacres of civilians in rural areas; and secondly – the feminization of jihadist activity with special regard to the involuntary participation of young women in suicide bombings. The analysis of the facts discussed in the article is based on one of the qualitative scientific methods, namely case study. The main reason to apply this method is the need to investigate the above-mentioned changes in the activity of Islamic terrorists within the time limits indicated in the title of the article.
W niniejszym artykule analizie poddano genezę i ewolucję Boko Haram – nigeryjskiej organizacji dżihadystycznej, która od marca 2015 r. walczy pod flagą Państwa Islamskiego. Szczególny nacisk położono na identyfikację kluczowych zmian o charakterze ideologicznym, taktycznym, a także w zakresie celów strategicznych, co pozwoliło na bardziej wnikliwe wejrzenie w przebieg procesu ewolucji Boko Haram. Ewolucja aktywności dżihadystycznej wspomnianej organizacji obejmowała przynajmniej dwie płaszczyzny: po pierwsze – skrajną radykalizację walki paramilitarnej manifestującą się w szczególności w masakrach ludności cywilnej na obszarach wiejskich; po drugie – feminizację aktywności dżihadystycznej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przymusowego udziału młodych kobiet w samobójczych zamachach bombowych. Analiza faktografii zawartej w artykule miała miejsce w oparciu o jedną z jakoś ciowych metod naukowych w postaci studium przypadku. Głównym powodem jej zastosowania była konieczność prześledzenia wspomnianych wyżej zmian w zakresie aktywności terrorystów islamskich we wzmiankowanych w tytule artykułu cezurach czasowych.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2020, 13; 349-360
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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