Autor: grab. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The influence of hydrogen addition for exhaust gas emission in SI gas engine
Wpływ dodatku wodoru na emisję toksycznych składników spalin w gazowym silniku spalinowym o zapłonie iskrowym
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, Karol
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310406.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: spark-ignition engine
SI engines
gas-fuelled combustion engine
hydrogen
methane
emission of toxic components of exhaust gases
silnik spalinowy o zapłonie iskrowym
silnik ZI
silnik spalinowy zasilany gazem
wodór
metan
emisja toksycznych składników spalin
Opis:: One of the major problems in internal combustion engines is emission of pollutants with exhaust gases. Those pollutants are not only harmful for environment but also for humans. To decrease emission of pollutants many mechanical and chemical methodes are used in internal combustion engines especially in exhaust system such as TWC, DPF, SCR. Alternative way for decrease in exhaust gas pollutants is use of alternative fuel as a primary energy carrier or as an additional fuel for base hydrocarbon one. In this studies the hydrogen was used as a additional fuel to methane. Both fuels were delivered to intake manifold. The share of the fuel was 100/0 methane/hydrogen and 70/30 methane/hydrogen. The addition of hydrogen to base fuel shown decrease of exhaust pollutants from engine and increase in engine operating parameters.
Jednym z głównych problemów silników spalinowych jest emisja toksycznych składników spalin. Zanieczyszczenia te są nie tylko szkodliwe dla środowiska ale również dla człowieka. Do obniżenia emisji toksycznych składników spalin wykorzystuje się w silnikach spalinowych wiele mechanicznych i chemicznych metod między innymi katalizatory trójdrożne, filtry cząstek stałych oraz katalizatory selekcyjne. Alternatywną metodą obniżenia emisji toksycznych składników spalin jest wykorzystanie paliwa alternatywnego jako nośnika energii lub jako dodatku do paliwa węglowodorowego. Prezentowany artykuł przedstawia wykorzystanie wodoru jako dodatku do paliwa podstawowego jakim był metan. Paliwa podawane były do kolektora dolotowego. Procentowy stosunek objętościowy dla badanych paliw był następujący 100/0 metan/wodór i 70/30 metan/wodór. Prowadzone pomiary wykazały, że dodatek wodoru do paliwa podstawowego wykazał spadek w emisji toksycznych składników spalin oraz wzrost parametrów użytkowych silnika.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 1-2; 241-245
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Cost analysis of hydrogen energy generation
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247356.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen
production
costs analysis
Opis:: Relatively high energy costs and the perspective of running out fossil fuel natural resources stimulates scientists and engineers all over the world to concentrate their efforts on inventing new sources of energy. For decades, hydrogen technology is considered as source of renewable energy. Hydrogen can be used both as the energy carrier as far as substrate in the chemical industry. Plans for hydrogen utilization as the fuel applied to automotive engines also is under investigation. Lot of works describing various technologies for hydrogen processing have come into being, the ways of production and storing this substance have also been worked out. The important part in analysis is costs of applying fuels with respect to their impact on natural environment. As found, these costs are usually difficult to be estimated. In this paper, the main directions in development of hydrogen technologies were analysed concerning total costs for hydrogen processing. As concluded, overall costs of the technology for both hydrogen generation and electric power production are significantly higher with respect to costs for energy generation by coal-fired power plants. The hydrogen production costs characterized themselves with the highest share in overall costs at hydrogen economy, and they depend on technology development. It is expected that overall costs of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen should be remarkably reduced in short-medium term future because of development in: photovoltaic technology – that will contribute to reduce hydrogen production costs by electrolysis process. Additionally, it is expected to reduce costs for hydrogen storage.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 121-126
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: The possibility of use a waste product of biofuels production-glycerol as a fuel to the compression ignition engine
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243807.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: glycerol
alternative fuel
diesel engine
combustion properties
Opis:: The article presents results of tests performed in a combustion research unit (CRU) with the two following fuels: light fuel oil (LFO) and glycerol. The CRU is a constant volume combustion chamber machine equipped with an injection system based on that used in common-rail diesel engines with electromagnetic injectors. This machine allows to compare various combustion properties between fuels for specified parameters of injection and a combustion chamber as well. As it is known glycerol is a substance which is obtained from several technological processes such as production of biofuel thus in this way it can be treated as an alternative renewable fuel. The glycerol is characterized by low heating value of 16MJ/kg and relatively high density of 1261 kg/m3. However, its heating value by volume is higher if compared to other liquid fuels. From that reason decrease in energy that can be delivered with fuel is smaller which is approximately 16% lest than for LFO. The parameters measured during this research were: pressure increase, rate of pressure increase (ROPR), ignition delay (ID), main reaction delay (MRD), main combustion period (MCP), end of main combustion (EMC), end of combustion (EC), position of max ROPR (PMR) and max ROPR. The tests were performed with different injection parameters such as injection pressure, injection duration and injection delay as well as under various conditions in the CRU combustion chamber expressed by pressure and temperature. On the basis of these tests the comparison between LFO and glycerol was done. The results were presented in diagrams. The research shows that glycerol used as a fuel, to obtain the same output power, should be injected at higher amounts. Glycerol as a fuel cannot ignite itself, hence to provide combustion the pilot injection of another fuel have to be applied.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 157-164
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Miller cycle application to the gaseous supercharged SI engine
Zastosowanie obiegu Millera do doładowanego silnika gazowego o zapłonie iskrowym
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133773.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: gas engine
indicated parameters
Miller cycle
silnik gazowy
parametry indykowane
obieg Millera
Opis:: The paper contains results of tests on the spark ignited (SI) engine modified to work as the engine with the overexpanded thermodynamic Miller cycle. Investigation was particularly focused on thermodynamic properties of the applied Miller cycle as well as combustion progress in the supercharged engine fuelled with various gaseous fuels as follows: coke gas, natural gas and hydrogen. Crucial conclusions deal with experimental investigation. The conclusions showed the following: IMEP was maintained at the same level with aid of supercharging, thermal indicated efficiency increased.
W artykule przedstawione zostały wyniki stanowiskowych silnika o zapłonie iskrowym przystosowanym do pracy na zasadzie obiegu Millera. Badania skupiały się na właściwościach termodynamicznych wykorzystanego obiegu Millera jak również przebiegu spalania w doładowanym silniku zasilanym różnymi paliwami gazowym takimi jak: gaz koksowniczy, gaz ziemny, wodór. Główne wnioski uzyskane zostały w wyniku badań eksperymentalnych i wskazały wzrost odporności na spalanie stukowe przy wykorzystaniu obiegu Millera oraz podwyższenie sprawności indykowanej.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 881-885
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Hydrogen combustion in the supercharged SI engine
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246524.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen
knock
supercharged engine
Opis:: The experimental results of combustion pressure processing from a supercharged spark ignition (SI) engine that was running on hydrogen are exposed in the paper. Hydrogen was delivered in two ways by an injector and mixer installed in an intake port. In-cylinder pressure while combusting hydrogen was analyzed with various coefficient of stechiometry and boost pressure. These parameters were limited by abnormal combustion known as "knock" combustion. Hydrogen fueled engine has tendency to generate "knock", especially this abnormal combustion phenomena increases with increase in boosting pressure. Hence, the thermodynamic parameters such as pressure and temperature of fresh air fuel mixture are elevated. The experimental numeric data analysis permit for compare to naturally aspirated engine such parameters as mean indicated pressure, indicated efficiency. Also for both cases, the coefficient of variation for mean indicated pressure was determined. It was found that combustion duration shortens itself with higher boosting pressure. Thus, optimal spark timing to get the maximum indicated mean effective pressure is shifted closer to the TDC. Another parameter that was expected to be increased was the knock intensity. It was observed, that knock intensity did not increase significantly and was still below the limit for pressure pulsations treated as combustion noise coming from light combustion instabilities.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 149-155
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Influence of intake valve closure angle on IC engine indicated parameters
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244790.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: over-expanded cycle
turbocharging
valve timing
CNG
Opis:: The paper presents results of modelling study of influence of an intake valve closure angle on IC engine indicated parameters. The modelled engine was Andoria S231, which was working on methane. At first, optimizations of the model were done by comparison of the indicated mean effective pressure for real engine and modelled engine. Next, modelling was done for early intake valve closure angle in comparison to original closure angle. The engine was simulated as a naturally aspirated one and for the cases such indicated; parameters as indicated efficiency, mean indicated pressure, fuel consumption were calculated. During the modelling ignition, timing and air-fuel ratio were fixed. For better comparison for two cases of early intake valve closure angle the engine was modelled as super-charged one where mean indicated pressure was fixed at the same level as for the naturally aspirated engine working with original valve timing and indicated parameters were calculated and compared with in parameters determined from this naturally aspirated engine. Because of the calculations, characteristics of indicated parameters vs. intake valve closure angle were computed. As a result of this research, both the decrease in indicated efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure were shown, temperature of fresh charge, end of compression stroke and maximum in-cylinder temperature were observed for naturally aspirated engine with early intake valve closure angle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 3; 29-35
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Ukrainian Folk Song Creativity as a Means of Education of Younger School Students in the Conditions of the New Ukrainian School
Autorzy:: Koval, Tetiana
Kolesnik, Kateryna
Grab, Oksana
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28909107.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023-06-30
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:: ukrainian ethnopedagogy
educational potential of folk-folklore
folk song
musical ritual traditions
Opis:: The upbringing of a comprehensively and harmoniously developed personality of a younger student in the new Ukrainian school is one of the most important tasks at the present stage of development of society, in which the enrichment of the spiritual world of the child involves the formation of creative potential and internal culture, ensuring the spiritual unity of generations. The upbringing of young citizens should be aimed primarily at the development of their humanistic feelings, the formation of national and universal values. Considerable attention is focused on the process of forming the personality of a junior high school student by means of Ukrainian folk songs, which are very deep in their wisdom and contain a huge educational, health and educational potential. Therefore, the revival of folk song culture is of great importance in the education of students of the new Ukrainian school. In the course of a theoretical analysis, the educational opportunities of Ukrainian folk art are determined. The necessity of focusing the attention of younger schoolchildren on the ideological didactic nature of a folk song is justified, because song folklore is a polysystemic means of personality formation, since it affects both the spiritual, intellectual, emotional and other spheres of a person, morally and psychologically sets him to work, and a successful theoretical and methodological the use of ethno-pedagogical means ensures the aesthetic development of students, a high culture of perception of various types of art. The pilot experiment made it possible to draw conclusions about the level of relations of modern elementary schoolchildren to Ukrainian folk songs, and determined the basic skills and abilities of students to use folk songs. The results obtained indicate the need to introduce such forms of work into the educational process of the elementary school that would deepen knowledge of the Ukrainian folk song, activate children’s interest in the origins of national song folklore through spiritual and practical activities. The proposed forms of educational work with primary school students, aimed at aesthetizing their relationship to Ukrainian folk songs.
Źródło:: Viae Educationis; 2023, 2; 19-24
2956-2856
Pojawia się w:: Viae Educationis
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The Miller cycle based IC engine fuelled with a CNG/hydrogen
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Tutak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246306.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen
miller cycle
gaseous fuels
combustion engines
Opis:: The results of research conducted on a supercharged spark ignition gaseous engine are exposed in the paper. The engine was modified to work as an engine with the Miller cycle. Modification of the engine, that allowed it to work in the Miller cycle, dealt particularly with the camshaft. This modification allows changing both intake and exhaust timings independently with limitations of ±20 deg. During the research, the engine was fuelled with compressed natural gas or hydrogen optionally. It was for making comparison between selected engine parameters, while the engine was working on two significantly different fuels. Both fuels were delivered to intake manifold close to intake valve through a fuel mixer. During the research, pressure data was collected with various both spark ignition timings and equivalence ratios, and boost pressures. On the basis of obtained data the parameters as follows: indicated mean effective pressure, coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure, Normalized Mass Fraction Burn and Heat Release Rate were calculated and discussed. As observed optimal ignition, timing is advanced for the engine working on hydrogen or natural gas as fuel with the Miller cycle when compared to the classic Otto cycle applied to this engine. In all tests of the engine with the Miller cycle coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure indicates good stability of engine work. Finally, the engine working on hydrogen is characterized by shorter combustion period that resulted from higher laminar flame speed compared to the natural gas fuelled engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 137-144
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Anomalies in combustion of hydrogen in a SI engine modified to work as a supercharged one
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Cupiał, K.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246823.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion
hydrogen
internal combustion engine
supercharging
Opis:: The paper describes combustion anomalies of various types randomly or permanently occurring while hydrogen is burnt in a supercharged spark ignited reciprocating engine. The anomalies were mainly identified as result of combustion pressure data analysis. Originally, the engine was a compression ignition one fuelled with diesel fuel. Modifications done on the engine dealt with decrease in its geometric compression ratio and equipping it with a spark plug located in diesel fuel injector position. The anomalies presented in the paper are typically associated with several abnormal phenomena as follows: flame propagation into intake manifold called back-fire, hydrogen spontaneous ignition by hot surface, flame propagation during valves overlap and extinguishing spark discharge flame kernel by high turbulence around a spark plug. These anomalies were observed in the supercharged engine, however, some of them were also detected while the engine was operated as a freely aspirated one. As investigated, some of these malfunctions would have been removed by change in engine operating parameters. Others need major changes in both exhaust pipeline geometry, hydrogen injection system, engine cylinder geometry and valve timing.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 437-442
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Modelling of the over-expanded cycle combustion engine
Autorzy:: Jamrozik, A.
Tutak, W.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245973.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: over-expanded cycle
methane
gas engine
modelling
Opis:: The study concerns numerical tests of an internal combustion engine operating according to the over-expanded cycle carried out in the AVL Fire software. The research covered the modelling of a full working cycle of a conventional engine operating in accordance with the classic Otto cycle and an engine operating on the basis of an over-expanded cycle – the Atkinson cycle. As part of the work, three cases of Atkinson’s cycle were analysed, by closing the inlet valve before BDC (21º before BDC) and closing the valve after BDC (41º and 75º after BDC). As a result of modelling, space-time distributions of velocity, pressure and temperature in the cylinder of the modelled engine were obtained. Optimizations of the analysed cycles were carried out, finding the best ignition timing, at which it is possible to obtain the highest efficiency and the highest indicated mean effective pressure. The calculations showed that the engine operating according to the over-expanded cycle in order to obtain the best operating parameters requires earlier ignition timing compared to the conventional engine. In addition, in the engine operating according to the Atkinson cycle, there is a drop in the indicated mean effective pressure and an increase in the indicated thermal efficiency compared to the engine operating by the classical cycle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 237-245
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Pyrolysis oil combustion in the CI engine
Autorzy:: Chwist, Mariusz
Grab-Rogaliński, Karol
Szwaja, Stanisław
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134197.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: bio-oil
pyrolysis
CI engine
bioolej
pyroliza
silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym
Opis:: Pyrolysis oil obtained from thermal biomass processing (torrefaction and pyrolysis) was used as an additional fuel for the compression-ignition engine equipped with a classic (non-common rail) injection system. The basic fuel used to the engine was regular diesel fuel. The tests were carried out with two content of pyrolysis oil in diesel fuel as follows: 10 and 20% by volume. In addition, the combustion process was investigated in the engine operating only on pyrolysis oil. The test results were based on a comparative analysis, where the diesel fuel was used as the reference fuel. The obtained results indicate that is a real possibility of co-combustion of pyrolysis oil with diesel fuel in the CI engine. On the other hand, a decrease in engine power resulting from the lower calorific value of pyrolysis oil and a greater unrepeatability of engine consecutive work cycles were observed.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 126-131
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Bio-oil blended butanol as a fuel to the spark ignition internal combustion reciprocating engine
Autorzy:: Chwist, M.
Szwaja, S.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Pyrc, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973120.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: bio-oil
pyrolysis
butanol
IC engine
bioolej
pyroliza
silnik z zapłonem samoczynnym
Opis:: The article presents results on combustion of the bio-oil blended butanol in the spark ignition engine. Bio-oil is a mixture of hydro-carbons condensing to liquified phase while cooling it down to ambient temperature. In general, the liquid called bio-oil is a byproduct of the pyrolysis process of organic matter. Results from analysis presented in the manuscript include the following: in-cylinder pressure traces and toxic exhaust emissions. Finally, comparison of these results with results from combustion of n-butanol reference fuel were provided. Obtained results indicate satisfactory, eco-friendly possibility for utilization of bio-oil in the internal combustion engine.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 2; 93-96
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Torgas condensate combustion in the SI engine
Autorzy:: Chwist, M.
Szwaja, S.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Poskart, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949504.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: SI engine
butanol
bio-oil
torgas condensate
exhaust emission
torrefaction
Opis:: The article presents results from IC engine tests on combustion of alcohol fuel with the addition of torgas condensate. Torgas is a by-product created from the torrefaction of Sida hermaphrodita. It was obtained from torrefaction carried out at a temperature of 400°C. Torgas was condensed in a tubular cooler. The basic fuel was butanol. This fuel was chosen, because regular hydrocarbon based fuels got delaminated while blended with torgas condensate. The condensate dissolves in alcohol therefore the choice was justified. In the mixture, the volume ratio of alcohol to condensate was 4:1. The combustion was carried out in a spark-ignition, single-cylinder engine with a cubic capacity of 650 cm3. The engine was able to vary its compression ratio. The engine worked at full load at maximum open throttle. The engine body was heated to a temperature of 95°C and this temperature was maintained throughout the testing period. The engine was running at 850 rpm. The first stage of the experiment included determination of the optimal ignition angle for butanol as a reference fuel and for a mixture of butanol and torgas condensate. The optimal spark angle was estimated based on the maximum indicated work. Three compression ratios, i.e.: CR=8.8, 10 and 11.2 were used. All tests were performed for a stoichiometric air fuel ratio. The obtained in-cylinder pressure diagrams for the reference fuel and the fuel with the addition of condensate were compared with each other. The rate of pressure increase inside the cylinder was calculated. For all tests, the following exhaust components were measured: CO2, CO and HC.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 33-38
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus of plants grown in sites differing in level of particulate matter
Sprawność aparatu fotosyntetycznego u roślin rosnących na stanowiskach różniących się poziomem pyłu zawieszonego w powietrzu
Autorzy:: Przybysz, A.
Popek, R.
Gawrońska, H.
Grab, K.
Łoskot, K.
Wrochna, M.
Gawroński, S.W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11542760.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Opis:: Particulate matter (PM) is among the most harmful pollutants inhaled by man. To reduce its concentration in air, plants could be used as biological filters, adsorbing PM on the foliage (SPM) or stabilizing in waxes (WPM). PM has also negative impact on the photosynthetic apparatus, but not much is known in regard to comparison of species re-sponses to PM. In this work, an attempt was made to define the amount of PM and waxes on foliage and to evaluate the efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus in five species grown in two sites differing in level of PM in the air. Obtained results showed, that quantities of PM and waxes on foliage were greater in plants grown in the City centre. These plants had lowered efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus, usually manifested by lower: (1) chlorophyll content, (2) values of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and (3) photo-synthesis rate, which coincides with an (4) increased stomatal resistance. Among tested species Sorbaria sorbifolia was the best acclimated to conditions of urban areas with si-multaneous highest PM accumulation. Therefore S. sorbifolia is best suited for phytore-mediation of PM from air in urban areas.
Pył zawieszony (PM) należy do najniebezpieczniejszych zanieczyszczeń wdychanych przez człowieka. Aby obniży jego stężenie w powietrzu, można użyć roślin jako biologicznych filtrów akumulujących PM na powierzchni liści lub stabilizujących je w woskach. PM ma negatywny wpływ na aparat fotosyntetczny, ale nie ma badań oceniających wpływ PM na różne gatunki. W pracy tej badano ilość akumulowanych PM i de-ponowanych wosków na powierzchni liści oraz sprawność aparatu fotosyntetycznego u pięciu gatunków roślin rosnących w dwóch lokalizacjach różniących się poziomem PM. Uzyskane wyniki pokazały, że rośliny rosnące w centrum miasta charakteryzowały się większa akumulacją PM i wosków oraz obniżeniem sprawności aparatu fotosyntetycznego. Negatywny efekt PM na aparat fotosyntetczny wyrażał się obniżeniem: (1) zawartości chlorofilu, (2) parametrów fluorescencji chlorofilu a oraz (3) intensywności fotosyntezy, co korespondowało z podwyższonymi oporami dyfuzyjnymi aparatów szparkowych. Wśród badanych gatunków tawlina jarzębolistna (Sorbaria sorbifolia) okazała się najlepiej zaaklimatyzowanym gatunkiem do warunków miejskich i najbardziej efektywnym w fitoremediacji PM z powietrza.
Źródło:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2014, 13, 1; 17-30
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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