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Tytuł:
An hourly reference evapotranspiration model as a tool for estimating plant water requirements
Autorzy:
Treder, W.
Klamkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
weighting lysimeter
Penman-Monteith model
irrigation
Opis:
The usefulness of estimating hourly reference evapotranspiration for assessing the water requirements of plants over a 24-hour period was determined in the study. The values of hourly (ET0,h) and daily (ET0,d) evapotranspiration were calculated using the Penman-Monteith (PM) model. The daily ET0 was calculated automatically by the meteorological station, and the evapotranspiration values for individual hours were calculated using spreadsheet software. To verify the values of evapotranspiration calculated with these two approaches in relation to the actual water needs of grass, lysimetric measurements were performed. Additionally, substrate moisture content and temperature were measured using capacitance probes. The values of evapotranspiration estimated with the hourly PM model were higher than those determined with the daily model. An accuracy of the hourly model in relation to the data measured with a weighing lysimeter depended largely on the quality of the reproduction of meteorological parameters at the site of the crop. Observed underestimation of the actual daily evapotranspiration was presumably due to the use of air temperature values in the calculations (measured at a height of 2 m by the weather station). During strong solar radiation the air temperature was much lower than the temperature of the upper layer of the substrate in the weighing lysimeter. Reference evapotranspiration was recalculated by introducing into the hourly PM model the measured values of substrate temperature. After taking into consideration the higher temperatures, the calculated values of evapotranspiration increased, and the regression model took the form: y = 1.01x + 0.014 (R2 = 0.90), which proves the proportionality of the calculated and measured (actual water needs determined with the weighing lysimeter) data. Reliable data on the hourly variations in evapotranspiration over a 24-hour period can be a great tool for use in controlling the irrigation of plants grown in a limited volume of substrate.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 469-481
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of regulated deficit irrigation imposed in the fall on cold hardiness of woody plants
Autorzy:
Matysiak, B.
Treder, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
controlled freezing test
electrolyte leakage
Knaphill-Exbury azalea
Lawson cypress
regulated deficit irrigation
RDI
Opis:
In temperate zone, early freeze, particularly if preceded by a period of warm and wet weather, can severely injure many woody plants. The young plants are particularly sensitive to frost, especially those grown in containers. The timing and capacity of cold acclimation are modified by environmental cues. We examined whether regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) imposed in the fall affects cold acclimation of containerized Lawson cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana)‘Columnaris’ and Knaphill-Exbury azalea (Rhododendron) ‘Oxydol’. Three-year-old plants were grown in containers placed in the open field and were cultivated according to standard nursery practice. In the end of growing season (from 5th October to 2nd November 2015, half of the plants were expose to moderated water stress by ceasing irrigation and protecting them from the rain (RDI treatment). The volumetric water content of the growing medium gradually decreases in this time from 0.45 to 0.2 m3/m3. Irrigation of the second part of the plants were continued in October and water content was maintained at 0.45 m3/m3 (control treatment). Cold hardiness of stem tissues was assessed two times (2nd November and 7th December) in the laboratory using the ion-leakage test. Stem tissue were exposed to 6 test temperatures, ranging from +4 to – 26˚C. Additionally, plant quality after overwintering was evaluated. Freeze tolerance of plant stems of both woody plants was significantly higher in December than November. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) generally increased cold hardiness of Lawson cypress in November as well as in December. At RDI treatment, ion-leakage from plant tissue frozen to - 26˚C was lower by 20% in the first time of assessment, and by 8% in the second time. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) increased cold hardiness of azalea stems only in November, but did not affect frost hardiness in December. At water deficit treatment, ion-leakage from plant tissue frozen to - 26˚C was lower by 12% than at control treatment. This study demonstrated that reduced water supply early autumn promoting acclimating to low winter temperatures.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 555-566
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimating the substrate water status using capacitance measurements
Autorzy:
Klamkowski, K.
Treder, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
moisture sensor
irrigation
ornamental nursery
weighting lysimeter
Opis:
The suitability of capacitance probes for measuring the actual variations in substrate water content in container-grown ornamental species (Lawson cypress) was examined. The probes were installed in the plant containers. Weighing measurement data on water loss was used to assess the actual changes in substrate water content (plant water use). In an additional test, an evaluation of temperature sensitivity of the capacitance probe was performed under laboratory conditions. The probe was placed in a container containing the growing medium (peat substrate) with a defined (stable) moisture content. The substrate temperature was modified and the changes in probe output were recorded. The experiment demonstrated the existence of the effect of temperature on the quality of soil moisture measurements conducted with the capacitance method. The accuracy of the results obtained from measurements with dielectric sensors in relation to the data obtained by means of weighing platforms depended largely on the temperature profile of the measured medium. It was demonstrated that temperature variations explained 99% of the observed differences in the results of moisture content measured with the capacitance method. Due to the fact that there is no possibility of developing universal factors (for different sensors and substrates) for correcting the influence of temperature, this relationship should be defined independently for a given type of crop and the measuring system available.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 521-533
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficiency of irrigation of highbush blueberry in Poland
Autorzy:
Tryngiel-Gać, A.
Treder, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
irrigation efficiency coefficient
yield rise
Vaccinium corymbosum
Opis:
In the past few years, Poland has been growing into a leader in the cultivation of highbush blueberry in Europe and now occupies a very high 3rd place in world production, just behind the USA and Canada. The leading position on the European market, the growing demand for the fruit and the possibility of entering new markets present to Polish producers new opportunities and increase the number of new plantings. In the cultivation of blueberry, irrigation is a factor determining the size and quality of the crop, as the blueberry plant, due to its shallow root system, requires adequate moisture and permeability in the topsoil, generally throughout the entire growing period. The results obtained in several studies confirm the high effectiveness of blueberry irrigation, particularly on plantations at their full fruiting potential. The rise in yield achieved through the use of irrigation averaged 95%, corresponding to 4.51 t·ha-1. The average irrigation efficiency coefficient was a 41.37 kg rise in fruit yield per 1 mm (10 m3) of water used for irrigation.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, III/2; 1099-1114
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of irrigation requirements and crop coefficients using weighing lysimeters in perennial plants
Autorzy:
Treder, J.
Treder, W.
Klamkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
ornamental nurseries
evapotranspiration
crop coefficient Kc
weighting lysimeter
automatic irrigation systems
Opis:
The increasing role of perennials in ornamental nurseries requires the elaboration of efficient and accurate irrigation control of this specific group of plants. The experiment was conducted in 2015 in Research Institute of Horticulture, in Skierniewice. The aim of the study was to determine the water requirements and designate the specific evapotranspiration crop coefficient Kc of several perennials, commonly grown in Polish ornamental nurseries. Water requirements of perennials were evaluated using weighing lysimeters. At the same time the recorded climate parameters allowed to calculate the potential evapotranspiration (ET0). Lysimeter measurements and meteorological data allowed determine specific to each species crop coefficient (Kc). The Kc values were determined by dividing ETc by ET0. The obtained results showed that irrespectively of plant growth phase there is strong correlation between climate parameters and real crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of six evaluated perennials: Anemone hupehensis ‚Prinz Heinrich’, Echinacea purpurea ‘Guava Ice’, Hemerocallis, ‘Sandra Elisabeth’, Salvia nemorosa ‘Mainacht’ and Veronica spicata ‘Royal Candles Glory’. The Kc coefficients of all species were changed during the growth season and increased according to plant development and percentage of ground coverage of soil in the lysimeter by leaves. The strong, positive correlation was shown for daily and hourly calculated crop evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration (ET0) obtained from weather station. Determination of crop coefficients for ornamental perennials is essential for precise calculation of water doses and irrigation controlling in the nurseries.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, III/2; 1213-1228
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulated deficit irrigation of rhododendrons grown in containers
Autorzy:
Matysiak, B.
Koniarski, M.
Treder, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
evapotranspiration
irrigation
ornamental nursery
regulated deficit irrigation
RDI
rhododendron
Opis:
The effect of deficit irrigation imposed in July-August period on shoot growth and flower formation in container grown rhododendron in commercial nursery were assessed. Plants were exposed to three irrigation regimes based on potential evapotranspiration rates (100% ET0 - well-watered control plants, 75% ET0 - moderate drought and 50% ET0 - severe drought). The values of evapotranspiration were calculated using the Penman-Monteith model. The degree of drought had significant effect on the plant growth and water status of plants. Severe drought inhibited secondary shoot elongation compared to less stressful regime but did not affect flower formation. ‘Catawbiense Boursault’, ‘Nova Zembla’ and ‘Pearce’s American Beauty’ plants exposed to severe drought were shorter, respectively by 39, 45 and 86% than well-irrigated plants and two of the three cultivars ‘Catawbiense Boursault’ and ‘Pearce’s American Beauty’ produced fewer secondary branches (5.9 and 0.3) compared to control plants (9.2 and 1.7, respectively). Moderate drought did not affect plant growth but resulted in flower bud formation in ‘Nova Zembla’ and ‘Pearce’s American Beauty’s cultivars. Estimated water consumption by rhododendrons throughout the whole growing season was reduced by 15% for moderate and 25% for severe drought compared to control, well-watered plants. The results have significant implications for water conserving in commercial production of rhododendrons.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 509-519
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new approach to the method of drawing the Gaussen-Walter climate diagram
Autorzy:
Treder, W.
Klamkowski, K.
Wójcik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/108532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
precipitation
evapotranspiration
temperature
water balance
drought
opad atmosferyczny
ewapotranspiracja
temperatura
bilans wodny
susza
Opis:
In traditional climate diagrams a fixed coefficient (α) between temperature and precipitation has been adopted. It has been shown, however, that such an approach does not correctly describe the conditions of the climatic balance in Poland for the entire growing season. In this paper, a different solution to this problem is proposed - the introduction of a variable coefficient for individual months. The analysis of patterns of climatic variables over the year supports the hypothesis that in order to estimate ETo only by means of mean air temperature (ETo = α·T), the coefficient α should be variable for the individual months of the vegetative period. The values of the coefficient were empirically determined for use in calculating daily and monthly ETo. The newly proposed coefficients α were different from those determined with the standard climate diagram (published by Walter, Lieth 1967). The introduction of the variable value α into the computational model markedly improved the quality of the estimation of ETo. The mean bias errors determined for the estimation of ETo on the basis of temperature and the changing value of α were considerably lower than for the estimation of ETo with a fixed value of α. This provides the possibility of a more accurate presentation of periods of both excess and shortage of precipitation.
Źródło:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications; 2018, 6, 2; 3-9
2299-3835
2353-5652
Pojawia się w:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of plant water requirements during sequences of days without precipitation in 2011-2015
Autorzy:
Wójcik, K.
Treder, W.
Zbudniewek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
rainfall
evapotranspiration
growing season
Opis:
This paper presents data on daily precipitation totals from six meteorological stations and the climatic water balance for the stations located throughout Poland in 2011-2015. The following sequences of days without precipitation were distinguished: from 11 to 15 days, from 16 to 20 days, and of more than 20 days. The number of precipitation-free sequences during the growing season in 2011-2015 was highly variable. Over the studied period, there were from 1.0 rainless sequence in Wtelno to 2.4 such sequences in Gołębiów per one growing season. The most frequently occurring were sequences of 11-15 days, while those of 16-20 days were less frequent. In the years under analysis, all of the different sequences occurred most frequently in July, and the least frequently in April. The highest numbers of sequences without precipitation were recorded in the south-east of Poland (Zakalniki, Gołębiów).
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, III/2; 1187-1200
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of plant water requirements during sequences of days without precipitation in 2011-2015
Autorzy:
Wójcik, K.
Treder, W.
Zbudniewek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101157.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
rainfall
evapotranspiration
growing season
Opis:
This paper presents data on daily precipitation totals from six meteorological stations and the climatic water balance for the stations located throughout Poland in 2011-2015. The following sequences of days without precipitation were distinguished: from 11 to 15 days, from 16 to 20 days, and of more than 20 days. The number of precipitation-free sequences during the growing season in 2011-2015 was highly variable. Over the studied period, there were from 1.0 rainless sequence in Wtelno to 2.4 such sequences in Gołębiów per one growing season. The most frequently occurring were sequences of 11-15 days, while those of 16-20 days were less frequent. In the years under analysis, all of the different sequences occurred most frequently in July, and the least frequently in April. The highest numbers of sequences without precipitation were recorded in the south-east of Poland (Zakalniki, Gołębiów).
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 611-624
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of long-term water stress on leaf gas exchange, growth and yield of three strawberry cultivars
Wymiana gazowa liści, wzrost i plonowanie trzech odmian truskawki rosnących w warunkach długotrwałego deficytu wody
Autorzy:
Klamkowski, K.
Treder, W.
Wójcik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Opis:
Drought is one of the most common limiting environmental factors affecting plant growth and productivity. Strawberry is a plant of large demand for water along with a high susceptibility to drought. In the present study, the response of three strawberry cul-tivars (‘Elsanta’, ‘Honeoye’, ‘Grandarosa’) grown under greenhouse conditions to water deficiency was examined by evaluating the yield and morphological (leaf and root develop-ment) and physiological (leaf gas exchange, leaf water potential) parameters. Plants were subjected to two different water regimes: optimal irrigation (control, water potential in the growing medium was maintained at the level of -10 kPa), and reduced irrigation (stress treatment, water potential in the growing medium was maintained at the level of -30 kPa). Genotypes differed in their response to water deficiency. Cultivar ‘Elsanta’ presented high rates of net photosynthesis with high value of water use efficiency (a ratio of photosyn-thetic rate to transpiration rate) under water shortage conditions. Water stress affected plant vigor. The weight and total leaf area of the stressed ‘Honeoye’ plants were considerably reduced as compared to these of the control. No significant differences in weight and root length were observed between the well-irrigated and stressed ‘Elsanta’ plants, while the root development in two other cultivars was retarded. Under water deficiency conditions ‘Elsanta’ gave the highest yield whereas ‘Honeoye’ the lowest. Among examined culti-vars, ‘Elsanta’ appeared to be more drought tolerant which was reflected by both growth and yield parameters.
Niedobór wody jest jednym z ważniejszych czynników ograniczających plonowanie roślin uprawnych. Truskawka jest zaliczana do roślin o dużym zapotrzebowaniu na wodę i wysokiej wrażliwości na jej deficyt. W doświadczeniu określono reakcjęna deficyt wody trzech odmian truskawki: ‘Elsanta’, ‘Grandarosa’, ‘Honeoye’. Rośliny były uprawiane w szklarni w pojemnikach wypełnionych mieszaniną substratu torfowego i kokosowego. Zastosowano dwie kombinacje nawodnieniowe: (i) optymalne nawadnia-nie – potencjał wody w podłożu utrzymywany był na poziomie -10 kPa (kontrola), (ii) deficyt wody – potencjał wody utrzymywany na poziomie -30 kPa. Rośliny stresowane otrzymywały obniżone dawki wody w ciągu całego cyklu uprawowego. Wykonywano pomiary intensywności wymiany gazowej oraz potencjału wody liści. Ponadto oceniono wzrost roślin oraz ich plonowanie. Deficyt wody w podłożu ograniczył natężenie wymiany gazowej oraz potencjał wody w liściach roślin. Pomiędzy badanymi odmianami stwierdzono istotne różnice w tolerancji na suszę. U roślin odmiany ‘Elsanta’ rosnących w warunkach deficytu wody stwierdzono wysokie wartości efektywności wykorzystania wody (określonej jako stosunek natężenia fotosyntezy do natężenia transpiracji). Niedobór wody wpłynął na wzrost roślin. Jedynie w przypadku odmiany ‘Honeoye’ stwierdzono znaczącą redukcję masy i powierzchni liści roślin poddanych działaniu stresu (w porównaniu do kontroli). Nie wykazano istotnych różnic w masie i długości systemu korzeniowego roślin odmiany ‘Elsanta’ rosnących w warunkach zróżnicowanego zaopatrzenia w wodę. W przypadku pozostałych odmian rozwój systemu korzeniowego roślin stresowanych był zahamowany. Największy plon uzyskano z roślin odmiany ‘Elsanta’, najmniejszy z ‘Honeoye’. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że spośród ocenianych odmian naj-większą tolerancją na suszę charakteryzowały się rośliny odmiany ‘Elsanta’.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2015, 14, 6; 55-65
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on the effect of growing medium and monopotassium phosphate on rooting and quality of strawberry potted plantlets
Badania nad wpływem podłoża oraz fosforanu monopotasowego na ukorzenianie oraz jakość doniczkowanych sadzonek truskawki
Autorzy:
Treder, W.
Tryngiel-Gać, A.
Klamkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11542838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
growing medium
monopotassium phosphate
rooting
seedling
plant quality
strawberry
Fragaria ananassa
pot
plantlet
Opis:
Strawberry is propagated vegetatively. Nowadays, traditional bare-root transplants are often replaced with plantlets (plug plants) produced from runner tips. The nutrient level and type of growing medium may influence the quality of planting material. Phosphorus and potassium are important elements for plant metabolism. Insufficient supply of plants with these elements negatively influences the rooting and plant vegetative growth. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of substrate and monopotassium phosphate (MKP) on rooting and quality of strawberry plantlets grown in the greenhouse soilless system. ‘Elsanta’ mother plants were planted in containers and set on a special rack in the greenhouse. Emerging plantlets were set (clipped with metal clips) in micro-pots filled with peat or coconut substrate. Four concentrations of MKP in the growing medium were applied: 0, 0.22, 0.44, 0.66 g dm-3. Rooting of plantlets was carried out before cutting them off from the mother plants for a period 7, 10 or 14 days. The investigations have showed a very similar dynamics of root formation both in coconut substrate and in peat. A significant effect of the application of monopotassium phosphate on rooting of strawberry plantlets was observed. The optimal dose of MKP depended on the length of rooting period of plantlets. After 7 days of rooting the highest root weight was recorded in case of plantlets rooted in the growing media supplemented with 0.44 or 0.66 g dm-3 MKP. After 10 and 14 days of rooting even the lowest dose of MKP (0.22 g dm-3) resulted in significantly stronger root growth in comparison with not fertilized control plantlets. MKP also significantly influenced the growth of plantlets after transplanting them into bigger containers. The highest quality plantlets were obtained at the dose 0.44 or 0.66 g MKP dm-3 of substrate.
Truskawka jest rozmnażana wegetatywnie. Obecnie tradycyjne sadzonki „kopane”, pozyskiwane z mateczników polowych, są zastępowane sadzonkami doniczkowanymi, produkowanymi z rozetek liściowych ukorzenianych w podłożach bezglebowych. Rodzaj zastosowanego podłoża oraz nawożenie może mieć istotny wpływ na proces ukorzeniania. Celem prowadzonych badań była ocena wpływu zastosowanego podłoża oraz nawożenia fosforanem monopotasowym na ukorzenianie oraz jakość sadzonek truskawki pozyskiwanych z matecznika bezglebowego prowadzonego w szklarni. Rośliny mateczne odmiany ‘Elsanta’ posadzono do pojemników, a następnie ustawiono w szklarni na specjalnie skonstruowanym stelażu. Pojawiające się rozetki liściowe (sadzonki rozłogowe) były umieszczane (przypinane metalowym spinaczem) w mikrodoniczkach wypełnionych substratem torfowym lub kokosowym. Zastosowano cztery dawki fosforanu monopotasowego: 0, 0,22, 0,44, 0,66 g dm-3 podłoża. Sadzonki były ukorzeniane bez odcinania ich od roślin matecznych przez 7, 10 lub 14 dni. Wykazano istotny wpływ zastosowanego nawożenia na ukorzenianie sadzonek. W przypadku ukorzeniania trwającego 7 dni, największy przyrost masy korzeni stwierdzono po zastosowaniu fosforanu monopotasowego w dawce 0,44 lub 0,66 g dm-3 podłoża. Dla dłuższych okresów ukorzeniania (10 lub 14 dni) już najniższa zastosowana dawka (0,22 g dm-3) korzystnie wpłynęła na rozwój systemu korzeniowego. Nawożenie fosforanem monopotasowym miało także wpływ na wzrost sadzonek po przesadzeniu ich do większych pojemników. Sadzonki najlepszej jakości (o największej średnicy korony) uzyskano, stosując nawóz w dawce 0,44 lub 0,66 g dm-3 podłoża. Nie stwierdzono znaczącego wpływu zastosowanego podłoża na proces ukorzeniania sadzonek oraz ich dalszy wzrost.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2014, 13, 5; 49-60
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Growth and Photosynthetic Activity of Cucumber as Influenced by Different Fertilization Regimes
Wzrost oraz aktywność fotosyntetyczna roślin ogórka w zależności od zastosowanego nawożenia
Autorzy:
Klamkowski, K.
Treder, W.
Tryngiel-Gać, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/388915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
wymiana gazowa
wzrost roślin
zawartoość chlorofilu
nawożenie dolistne
gas exchange
plant vigor
chlorophyll content
foliar fertilization
Opis:
The investigation aimed at examining the changes in growth and photosynthetic activity of greenhouse-grown cucumber plants subjected to various fertilization regimes. The plants were subjected to the following treatments: standard fertilization with nutrient solution (control), foliar treatments with two fertilizers (complete or nitrogenous), without any fertilization (non-fertilized plants). The plants without fertilization were supplied with water only. Lack of fertilization resulted in the reduction of net photosynthesis and leaf chlorophyll content. The lowest rates of photosynthesis and leaf chlorophyll content were observed in the non-fertilized cucumber plants. Also, retardation in plant growth was evident in this group of plants as a result of nutrient deficiency. Foliar application of complete fertilizer (Agroleaf Power Total) had a pronounced effect on photosynthesis and growth of cucumber plants. On the other hand, the plants sprayed with nitrogenous fertilizer (Basfoliar 36 Extra) assimilated with low intensity, and their vigor did not differ significantly from that recorded for plants supplied with water only (non-fertilized).
W dooewiadczeniu szklarniowym oceniono wzrost i aktywnooeć fizjologiczną rooelin ogórka w reakcji na zastosowane nawożenie. Kombinacje dooewiadczalne obejmowały rooeliny nawożone dokorzeniowo (fertygacja pożywką płynną), rooeliny nienawożone w trakcie trwania uprawy oraz rooeliny nawożone dolistnie jednym z dwóch nawozów: wieloskładnikowym (zawierającym makro i mikroelementy) lub azotowym (zawierającym azot i mikroelementy). Rooeliny nienawożone zasilane były tylko wodą. Najmniejsze natężenie fotosyntezy i zawartość chlorofilu w lioeciach wykazano w przypadku roślin nienawożonych. U tej grupy rooelin stwierdzono także najsilniejsze zahamowanie wzrostu. Spośród zastosowanych nawozów dolistnych, wyższą skuteczność wykazano w przypadku nawozu wieloskładnikowego. U roślin opryskiwanych tym nawozem stwierdzono większą zawartość chlorofilu w liściach oraz wysokie wartosci fotosyntezy netto. Rośliny traktowane nawozem wieloskładnikowym charakteryzowały się także bardziej intensywnym wzrostem.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2011, 18, 1; 35-41
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of hail nets on orchard light microclimate, apple tree growth, fruiting and fruit quality
Wpływ siatek przeciwgradowych na mikroklimat swietlny sadu, wzrost drzew oraz plonowanie i jakość owoców jabłoni
Autorzy:
Treder, W.
Mika, A.
Buler, Z.
Klamkowski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Opis:
Hail nets are necessary protection in some fruit growing regions. Several trials showed that the net color may influence tree growth and fruiting. The influence of hail nets on orchard light microclimate, growth, flowering and fruiting of apple trees was examined in field experiment in the years 2004–2010. ‘Šampion’ and ‘Rubinstar’ apple trees grafted on M.9, were planted in spring 2004. After planting, half of the experimental plot was covered with three kinds of hail nets: white, gray and black. The other half was kept uncovered as the control. Tree growth, fruit bud formation, fruiting and fruit quality were recorded. Solar radiation was measured above and below the nets and within tree canopy. Black and gray nets stimulated tree growth and yield of ‘Šampion’ tree, but had no positive influence on ‘Rubinstar’ trees. Covering the trees with gray and black nets caused poor red blush development and reduced soluble solids content in apples of both cultivars. Fruit firmness was unaffected by netting.
W niektórych regionach sadowniczych siatki przeciwgradowe są niezbędną ochroną dla rozwijających się owoców. Badania naukowe wykazały, że kolor siatek przeciwgradowych może wpływać na wzrost drzew i ich owocowanie. W latach 2004–2010 badano wpływ siatek przeciwgradowych na mikroklimat świetlny sadu, wzrost, kwitnienie, owocowanie oraz jakość owoców jabłoni. Wiosną 2004 r. posadzono dwie odmiany jabłoni: ‘Šampion’ i ‘Rubinstar’ na podkładce M.9. Po posadzeniu drzew połowę poletka doświadczalnego przykryto siatkami przeciwgradowymi w trzech kolorach: białym, szarym i czarnym. Druga połowa poletka traktowana była jako kontrola. Wykonano pomiar nasłonecznienia nad siatkami i pod siatkami oraz wewnątrz koron drzew. Czarne i szare siatki poprawiały wzrost i plonowanie drzew odmiany ‘Šampion’, ale nie wpływały dodatnio na drzewa odmiany ‘Rubinstar’. Drzewa obu odmian rosnące pod szarą i czarną siatką miały słabiej wybarwione owoce, które zawierały mniej cukru. Jędrność owoców nie zależała od rodzaju siatki.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2016, 15, 3; 17-27
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of apple tree water requirements in the Bydgoszcz (Poland) and Isparta (Turkey) regions
Autorzy:
Rolbiecki, S.
Senyigit, U.
Treder, W.
Rolbiecki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101610.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
apple tree
water requirements
Bydgoszcz region
Isparta region
Opis:
The aim of the present research was an attempt to compare apple tree water requirements in the vegetation period in the Bydgoszcz region (Poland) and in the Isparta region (Turkey). The paper refers to the 1984-2014 temperature and precipitation values in the Bydgoszcz and Isparta regions. To determine the reference evapotranspiration (ET0), the calculation model by Hargreaves modified by Droogers and Allen was applied. Potential evapotranspiration, identified with apple tree water requirements, was determined using the method of plant coefficients proposed by Doorenbos and Pruitt. In each of the seven months considered (April-October) higher apple tree water requirements occurred in the Isparta region. The highest apple tree water requirements were noted in July and for that month during the thirty-year period they were 167.3 mm and 286 mm, on average, in the Bydgoszcz and Isparta regions, respectively. Daily water requirements of apple trees in July were more than 9.2 mm in the Isparta region and 5.4 mm in the Bydgoszcz region. Apple tree water requirements throughout the vegetation period (April-October) were much higher (by 120 %) in the Isparta region than in the Bydgoszcz region. The highest precipitation deficits occurred in July and amounted to 95.5 mm and 269.1 mm for the Bydgoszcz and Isparta regions, respectively. The differences in the irrigation requirements for apple tree, next to water requirements differences, were affected by a different precipitation distribution in time in the regions com pared. In the Isparta region higher precipitation occurred at the beginning (April, May) and at the end (October) of the vegetation period, while in the Bydgoszcz region - just opposite - in summer months (June, July, August).
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, III/2; 1251-1261
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the effectiveness of sprinkling to protect apple blossoms against spring frost
Autorzy:
Treder, W.
Tryngiel-Gać, A.
Klamkowski, K.
Kiełkiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
Malus domestica
irrigation system
fruit quality
Opis:
Spring frosts can cause very significant losses on fruit farms. The most common method of active protection against frost is sprinkling. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a sprinkling system used to protect apple trees against the effects of a spring frost. The experiment was conducted on the Mączewscy Fruit Farm. The orchard in which the observations were made is equipped with a system of sprinklers. When the temperature readings showed values close to zero, the sprinkler system was activated. Due to a limited water supply, one row of sprinklers had not been activated, and thus some of the trees were not sprayed at all. The assessment of fruit yield carried out in the autumn of 2015 demonstrated high effectiveness of the sprinkling used to protect apple trees against the spring frost. The frost had damaged most of the flowers of the unprotected trees, which resulted in a decrease in yield of as much as 85-93%.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, III/2; 1131-1143
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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