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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    ECONOMIC SITUATION OF EASTERN POLAND AND POPULATION MIGRATION MOVEMENT
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Bernard
    Wilk, Justyna
    Chrzanowska, Mariola
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
    Tematy:
    economic situation
    internal migration
    synthetic measure
    ratio analysis
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to examine population migration flows in relation to the eastern Poland and its economic situation. The empirical study refers to the period 2008-2010 corresponding to global financial and economic crisis which affected the intensity and directions of internal migrations in Poland. Ratio analysis, as well as taxonomical analysis was applied in the research
    Źródło:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2013, 14, 2; 148-157
    2082-792X
    Pojawia się w:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Interpretation of Structural Parameters for Models with Spatial Autoregression
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517218.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    measures of average impact
    Opis:
    The main purpose of the article is to consider a important issue of spatial econometrics, which is a proper interpretation of structural parameters of econo-metric models with spatial autoregression. The problem will be considered basing on the example of the spatial SAR model. Another purpose of the article is to make an overview of measures of average spatial impact proposed by the subject litera-ture (see Lesage and Pace 2009). The analysis will include such measures as Aver-age Total Impact to an Observation, Average Total Impact from an Observation, Average Indirect Impact to an Observation, Average Indirect Impact from an Ob-servation and Average Direct Impact. Having considered the above issues, I will introduce a set of three original measures that allow the interpretation of the strength of the impact of the explanatory processes within the spatial SAR model, which take the forms of average direct impact, average indirect impact and average induced impact. The use of this set of measures will be illustrated with the example of the analysis of the unemployment rate in Poland. It must be emphasized that the presented set of measures may also be designated for other spatial models. With the knowledge of the empirical form of the model and of the spatial weight matrix, the set of measures introduced simplifies significantly the complex procedure of the interpretation of the structural parameters for spatial models to the use of merely three values.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2013, 8, 2; 129-155
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modifiable Areal Unit Problem: the issue of determining the relationship between microparameters and a macroparameter
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19090940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
    microparameter
    macroparameter
    micro-dependencies
    macro-dependencies
    Opis:
    Research background: One of the issues considered by economists such as Tinbergen (1939), Klein (1946), May, (1946), Theil (1965), Pawłowski (1969), Bołt et al. (1985) was to determine the mechanism of transition between the results of microeconomics and the theory of macroeconomics. As part of this research, Pawłowski (1969) raised the problem of establishing the relationship between microparameters and a macroparameter. In the presented article, Pawłowski's problem was expanded to include spatial economic research, where micro-dependencies and spatial macro-dependencies were analysed. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to establish the relationship between the microparameters set for SGM agricultural macroregions and the macroparameter referring to the whole area of Poland, where the parameters describe the economic dependencies regarding the impact of the size of farms in established region on their technical equipment. In the study, the economic relationships analysed in the case of individual SGM agricultural macroregions were defined as spatial micro-dependencies, and in the case of the entire area of Poland as spatial macro-dependencies. Methods: The methodological part of the article describes the concepts of Modifiable Areal Unit Problem, causal homogeneity of spatial data, homogeneous system of sets of areal units, area and sub-areas of conclusions. The concepts of micro-dependencies and spatial macro-dependencies are presented. Basic equations allowing to determine the evaluation of the spatial macroparameter as a linear combination of spatial microparameters were also presented. Findings & Value added: In the first stage of the study, spatial micro-dependencies were identified for subsequent SGM agricultural macroregions. In the second stage of the study, the relationship between spatial microparameters for single macroregions and the spatial macroparameter for Poland was determined. Establishing the relationship allowed to determine the macroparameter estimate for the whole area of Poland.
    Źródło:
    Oeconomia Copernicana; 2019, 10, 3; 393-417
    2083-1277
    Pojawia się w:
    Oeconomia Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem – Analysis of Correlation and Regression
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517297.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the modifiable areal unit problem, which means a possibility of obtaining various results for spatial economic analyses depending on the assumed composition of territorial units. The major research objective of the work is to examine the scale problem that constitutes one of the aspects of the modifiable areal unit problem. Analysis of the scale problem will be conducted for two research problems, namely, for the problem of the causal relationships between the level of investment outlays in enterprises per capita and the number of entities of the national economy per capita, and the issue of the dependence between the registered unemployment rate and the level of investment outlays per capita. The calculations based on the empirical values of those variables have showed that moving to a higher level of aggregation resulted in a change in the estimates of the parameters. The results obtained were the justification for undertaking the realisation of the objective. The scale problem was considered by means of a simulation analysis with a special emphasis laid on differentiating the variables expressed in absolute quantities and ones expressed in relative quantities. The study conducted allowed the identification of changes in basic properties as well as in correlation of the researched variables expressed in absolute and relative quantities. Based on the findings, it was stated that a correlation analysis and a regression analysis may lead to different conclusions depending on the assumed level of aggregation. The realisation of the research objective set in the paper also showed the need to consider the adequate character of variables in both spatial economic analyses and during the examination of the scale problem.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 4; 113-131
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Redefining the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem Within Spatial Econometrics, the Case of the Aggregation Problem
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517415.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    aggregation problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the aggregation problem, which is frequently discussed within spatial econometrics. The aggregation problem is one of the two aspects of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). The aggregation problem is connected with the volatility of the obtained results occurred when various compositions of territorial units for the same aggregation scale were applied. The objective of the present paper is to consider the redefinition of aggregation problem and showing positive solution of the aggregation problem based on the empirical example of determining agricultural macroregions. In the article the aggregation problem was defined as a problem of establishing a particular composition of territorial units at a selected aggregation scale in a such a way that is remains in the quasi composition of regions within the undertaken research problem. The paper also presented the procedure for determining agricultural macroregions where the analysis of the spatial volatility of the agrarian structure and the current knowledge on the agriculture in Poland were applied. In addition, the paper considered the final areal interpretation problem con-nected with the incorrect determination of the area in relation to which final conclusions are drawn. The problem was presented basing on the example of the establishment of the average concentration of the area of agricultural land in Poland with the use of the Gini index calculated for districts. The paper emphasised that ignoring the final areal interpretation problem in spatial analyses may lead to an apparent identification of the modifiable areal unit problem.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 3; 131-151
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Multivariate DCC-GARCH Model with Interdependence among Markets in Conditional Variances’ Equations
    Wielowymiarowy model DCC-GARCH z uwzględnieniem współzależności między rynkami w zakresie warunkowej wariancji
    Autorzy:
    Fałdziński, Marcin
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1364901.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    DCC-GARCH model
    interdependence
    conditional variance
    model DCC-GARCH
    współzależności
    warunkowa wariancja
    Opis:
    The article seeks to investigate the issue of interdependence that during crisis periods in the capital markets is of particular importance due to the likelihood of causing a crisis in the real economy. The research objective of the article is to identify this interdependence in volatility. Therefore, first we propose our own modification of the DCC-GARCH model which is so designed as to test for interdependence in conditional variance. Then, the DCC-GARCH-In model was used to study interdependence in volatility of selected stock market indices. The results of the research confirmed the presence of interdependence among the selected markets.
    W artykule podjęto zagadnienie współzależności między rynkami, które w sytuacjach kryzysowych na rynkach kapitałowych nabiera szczególnego znaczenia, ze względu na możliwość spowodowania kryzysu w sferze realnej. Celem proponowanego artykułu jest identyfikacja współzależności w zakresie zmienności. W związku z tym, zaprezentowano najpierw autorską modyfikację modelu DCC-GARCH, w którego konstrukcji uwzględniono wpływ zmienności ze strony innych rynków. Zaproponowana specyfikacja modelu DCC-GARCH-In pozwala na badanie współzależności między zmiennymi w zakresie wariancji warunkowej. Następnie model DCC-GARCH-In zastosowany został do badania współzależności w zakresie zmienności dla wybranych indeksów giełdowych. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwoliły na potwierdzenie występowania wzajemnego oddziaływania między wybranymi rynkami w zakresie zmienności.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Statystyczny; 2015, 62, 4; 397-413
    0033-2372
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Statystyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quality of Institutions and Total Factor Productivity in the European Union
    Autorzy:
    Balcerzak, Adam P.
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466063.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    KBE, TFP
    quality of intuitions
    European Union
    panel model
    Opis:
    The key challenge for mid- and long-term policy in the European Union countries is to use the potentials of knowledge-based economy (KBE), which is a condition for maintaining high total factor productivity in Europe. For this reason, the relationship between the quality of an institutional system and total factor productivity in the EU countries has been examined. The quality of the institutional system is defined here from the perspective of incentives that influence the use of the potential of KBE. In order to determine the level of effectiveness of the institutional system in the analysed countries the method for linear ordering of objects was applied based on data from Fraser Institute. The main hypothesis of the article states that the quality of the institutional system in the context of KBE has a significant influence on the level of total factor productivity in the EU. In order to verify this hypothesis, the parameters of the Cobb-Douglas production function were estimated, which allowed the evaluation of TFP for the EU countries. The calculation made in the article based on Eurostat data. In order to identifying the relationship between the quality of the institutional system and the level of TFP a panel model was applied using data from a conducted for years 2000-2010.
    Źródło:
    Statistics in Transition new series; 2016, 17, 3; 497-514
    1234-7655
    Pojawia się w:
    Statistics in Transition new series
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of Structural Equation Modeling for analysing internal migration phenomena in Poland
    Wykorzystanie modelu równań strukturalnych do opisu migracji wewnętrznych w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Żurek, Mirosława
    Matusik, Stanisław
    Wilk, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/422669.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    internal migrations
    gravity model
    Structural Equation Modeling
    migracje wewnętrzne
    model grawitacji
    modelowanie SEM
    Opis:
    Migrations form the size and structure of human resources in regions. For that reason they have not only a demographic but also a social and economic character. The existing research is often not enough due to a spatial, temporary and also a multidimensional character of this occurrence. The subject of this paper is to apply Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) concept for analysing the population migration phenomena considering the gravity model. This approach allows describing the social and economic situation in regions considering a set of correlated variables and it also allows determining its influence on migration flows. The first part of the article describes the construction and interpretation of the gravity model and the concept of the SEM model. In the second part the adopted research procedure and the research scope are presented. In the last part, the results of the investigation are explained. The strength and direction of the impact of the socio-economic development on the migration flows between subregions (NUTS 3) in Poland in the years 2008-2010 are discussed.
    Migracje kształtują wielkość i strukturę zasobów ludzkich w regionach, mają więc wymiar nie tylko demograficzny, ale także społeczno-gospodarczy. Prowadzone badania obejmujące najczęściej analizę wskaźnikową, są często niewystarczające ze względu na przestrzenno-czasowy i wielowymiarowy charakter tego zjawiska. Celem artykułu jest propozycja zastosowania w analizie migracji metodologii SEM z uwzględnieniem modelu grawitacji. Takie podejście pozwala opisać sytuację społeczno-ekonomiczną regionów z wykorzystaniem zmiennych skorelowanych, a także określić jej wpływ na przepływy migracyjne. W pierwszej części artykułu omówiona jest konstrukcja i interpretacja modelu grawitacji oraz koncepcja modelu SEM. W drugiej części omówiono przyjętą procedurę badawczą oraz zakres badań. W ostatniej części zaprezentowano wyniki prowadzonej analizy. Określono siłę i kierunek oddziaływania poziomu rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznego na przepływy migracyjne między podregionami (NUTS 3) w Polsce w latach 2008-2010.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Statystyczny; 2012, 59, 4; 487-503
    0033-2372
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Statystyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Global energy transition: From the main determinants to economic challenges
    Autorzy:
    Balcerzak, Adam P.
    Uddin, Gazi Salah
    Igliński, Bartosz
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22393602.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2023, 18, 3; 597-608
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Delimitation of Bipolar Metropolitan Area Within the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Region
    Autorzy:
    Biczkowski, Mirosław
    Müller-Frączek, Iwona
    Muszyńska, Joanna
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Wilk, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489004.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    delimitation
    metropolitan area
    synthetic measure of development
    Opis:
    The objective of the article was to re-define the bipolar metropolitan area within the area of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie region (NUTS 2). Concentration of metropolitan features, as well as socio-economic situations of its communes (NUTS 5) in 2011, and also the dynamics of communes’ development in the period 2009-2011 were considered in the procedure of delimitation. Bydgoszcz and Toruń, as the economically strongest cities in the region, were established as the dual core of the bipolar metropolitan area. It was assumed that the determined metropolitan area would cover the best developed and the fastest developing communes which met the following criteria of a metropolitan area: neighbourhood, continuity, compactness, maximum distance and population. The development levels of the communes were determined with the use of syn-thetic measure. Its values were calculated considering the economic (e.g. the amount of income) and also social (e.g. unemployment) aspects of regional devel-opment, as well as features typical of metropolitan areas, such as: well-developed sectors of R&D, knowledge-based economy and serving superior services. In the research, linear arrangement methods classifying as taxonomic tools of multivari-ate data analysis was applied. The metropolitan area resulting from the research (BipOM) slightly differs from the Bydgoszcz-Toruń Metropolitan Area (B-TOM) which was formally ap-pointed in 2005 and composed all of the communes located within the area of the Bydgoski and Toruński districts (NUTS 4). Chełmża and Koronowo, as the less developed communes of the districts, were excluded from the new metropolitan area, while the communes of Ciechocinek, Nakło and Unisław, belonging to the neighbouring districts of the region, were included in the BipOM due to their significant level of regional development and its dynamics. Furthermore the Inowrocław district (bordered on the BipOM) was identified as the prospective candidate for the BipOM, due to the fact that its communes demonstrate a high potential for regional development.
    Źródło:
    Oeconomia Copernicana; 2014, 5, 2; 101-122
    2083-1277
    Pojawia się w:
    Oeconomia Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Redefining The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem Within Spatial Econometrics, the Case of The Scale Problem
    Autorzy:
    Bernard Pietrzak, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517391.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    aggregation problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), which is frequently discussed within spatial econometrics. This issue concerns the changeability of the characteristics of the analysed phenomena under the impact of the change in the composition of territorial units. The article indicates four conditions which need to be fulfilled if the correctness of spatial analyses is to be maintained. Also, the paper introduces the concept of the quasi composition of regions (QCR). It was defined as a set of particular compositions of territorial units for subsequent aggregation scales. Particular compositions of territorial units are selected in a way that allows a correct analysis within the undertaken research problem to be conducted. The chief asset of the paper is the proposal to redefine the concept of the modifiable areal unit problem. Both the scale problem and the aggregation problem were linked to the accepted quasi composition of regions. The redefinition of the concept is vital for the research conducted since analysing phenomena based on compositions of territorial units which are excluded from the quasi composition of regions leads to the formulation of incorrect conclusions. Within the undertaken research problem there exists only one particular composition of territorial units which allows the identification and description of the dependence for analysed phenomena. Within the considered modifiable areal unit problem two potential problems were defined and they can occur while making spatial analyses. The first is the final areal interpretation problem (FAIP) that occurs when the characteristics of phenomena or the dependence are designated for too large region. The other issue is the aggregation scale interpretation problem (ASIP). It occurs when a quasi composition of regions is enlarged by an aggregation scale where the correctness of the results of the undertaken research problem is not preserved. In both cases it is possible to reach a situation where the obtained characteristics will be deprived of the cognitive value.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 2; 111-132
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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