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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
The Displacement Effects of Social Security Wealth in a Transition Economy: The Case of Poland
Czy uprawnienia w publicznym systemie emerytalnym wypierają oszczędności w gospodarce okresu transformacji? Przypadek Polski
Autorzy:
Wroński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2182082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-03-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
ekonomia sektora publicznego
efekt wypierania
uprawnienia emerytalne
majątek gospodarstw domowych
rozkład majątku
public economics
crowding out
social security wealth
household wealth
wealth distribution
Opis:
Economic theory does not give clear predictions on the impact of social security wealth on private wealth. While the basic life-cycle hypothesis predicts full displacement, many more advanced theoretical contributions anticipate only a limited offset. Empirical research on the issue is also not conclusive. In this paper, we measure the substitution between social security wealth and private wealth in Poland. To obtain measures of long-term substitution, we measure the displacement effects of social security wealth on net wealth. Our estimates of the effects on consumption and the saving rate reflect a short-term impact. Our results do not provide support for the hypothesis that social security wealth crowds out private savings in the long term. The short-term evidence is mixed, but the effects of social security wealth on consumption are at best weak, while the impact on saving rates is not statistically significant. In our view, in transition economies, the influence of social security wealth on private wealth is weaker than in developed economies because the wealth distribution has been to a large extent transformed by random and rapid events such as the privatisation of housing assets.
Teoria ekonomii nie dostarcza jasnych prognoz dotyczących wpływu uprawnień w publicznym systemie emerytalnym na akumulację majątku prywatnego. Zgodnie z podstawową hipotezą cyklu życia uprawnienia emerytalne powinny w pełni wypierać oszczędności prywatne, jednakże w wielu bardziej zaawansowanych modelach teoretycznych przewiduje się jedynie ograniczony zakres substytucji. Badania empiryczne również nie są rozstrzygające. Celem zrealizowanego badania był pomiar zakresu substytucji pomiędzy uprawnieniami emerytalnymi a majątkiem prywatnym w Polsce. Aby zmierzyć zakres wypierania w długim okresie, dokonano pomiaru substytucji pomiędzy uprawnieniami emerytalnymi a majątkiem prywatnym (net wealth). W celu zidentyfikowania efektów krótkookresowych dokonano pomiaru wpływu uprawnień na konsumpcję i stopę oszczędności. Otrzymane wyniki nie potwierdzają występowania efektu wypierania w długim okresie. Wyniki dotyczące konsekwencji krótkookresowych są zróżnicowane, jednakże wskazują co najwyżej na niewielki zakres substytucji. W krajach przechodzących transformację gospodarczą wpływ uprawnień emerytalnych na majątek prywatny może być słabszy niż w gospodarkach rozwiniętych, ponieważ rozkład majątku był kształtowany przez rzadkie, trudne do przewidzenia zdarzenia, takie jak sama transformacja gospodarcza oraz szeroko zakrojona prywatyzacja zasobu mieszkaniowego w tym okresie.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2023, 313, 1; 19-40
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The changes of plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex in the patients with peripheral arterial disease undergoing surgical revascularization
Autorzy:
Kęsik, Jan Jakub
Wroński, Jacek
Feldo, Marcin
Terlecki, Piotr
Zubilewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-11-01
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)
revascularization
coagulation
limb ischemia
Opis:
In patients with severe lower limb ischemia the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems have been found to be activated preoperatively. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes of TAT level as a selected coagulation factor, before, during and after surgical revascularization and the analysis of the impact of coexisting diseases on the coagulation during the procedure. Material and methods. 50 patients with PAOD, in Fontaine stages IIb to IV (29 men and 21 women; median age 65.8 years, ASA II/III) undergoing elective surgical revascularization were studied. Two groups of patients were compared: 20 undergoing reconstruction on aorto-femoral and 30 on femoropopliteal level. Blood samples were collected 5 times: 24 hours before the operation; intraoperatively after artery exposure; after heparin administration and clamping; after reperfusion and -24 hours postoperatively. Results. Elevated values of TAT (10.5 g/l ±7.1) were found before the operation. The elevated value of TAT increased intraoperatively (25.1 g/l ±44.58; p<0.001) (norm 1-4.1 g/l) and maintaining higher levels after the surgery. The significant correlations between plasma level of TAT and ischemia degree were found. Also the correlation between intraoperative increase of TAT and the duration of surgery was noticed. No significant differences between two analysed groups were observed. Conclusions. The results indicate the activation of coagulation and prothrombotic state in the patients with advanced arteriosclerosis. During the surgical revascularisation permanent increase of activation of blood coagulation was observed. This activation depends on duration of the procedure and maintains increased one-day after the operation. Our findings may explain the unexpected occurrence of early thrombotic complications after technically successful vascular reconstructions.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2013, 85, 11; 638-643
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected factors of fibrinolysis in the Buerger’s disease
Autorzy:
Terlecki, Piotr
Feldo, Marcin
Przywara, Stanisław
Iłżecki, Marek
Kęsik, Jan J.
Borowski, Grzegorz
Wroński, Jacek
Zubilewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396478.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-11-01
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
Buerger’s disease
fibrinolysis
Opis:
Thrombangiitis obliterans (TAO marked by coexistence of thrombotic and inflammatory changes of neurovascular tract has evoked a considerable dispute concerning pathogenesis of this disease. The aim of the study was to define the level of activation of fibirinolitic system in course of TAO disease by means of determination its basic constituents as well as to examine the essence of level of fibrinolysis disorders in pathogenesis and development of this disease. Material and methods. Fifty patients with thrombangiitis obliterans (TAO), 30 patients with peripheral occlusive disease - PAOD (ASO) and 20 healthy volunteers (K) have been subjected to the examination. We determined the activity some factors of fibrinolysis: t-PA, PAI-1, PAP, plasminogen, α2-antiplasminogen, D-dimmer as well as euglobulin lysis time. The analysis comprised 7 features and 8 factors of variability: a membership to a group of patients, sex, age, smoking, aggravation of the disease within last 3 months, occurrence of Raynaud’s symptom, a degree of ischemia according to Fontaine, time the disease lasted. Results. The significant differences between the average were checked by means of t-Student test or variance analysis (ANOVA) and co-relation rate r (Pearson). We concluded that the average value of PAI-1 in the group TAO was significantly higher than in comparison with ASO group. The increased values were revealed in case of 76 % of patients. The euglobulin lysis time was vitally extended in case of 60% of patients in ASO group. In all three groups higher levels of α2-antiplasmin were detected in case of elderly patients compared to the younger ones. Conclusions. The obtained results allow us to ascertain the state of potentially weakened fibrinolysis in case of patients with Buerger’s disease as well as with PAOD.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2013, 85, 11; 630-637
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CIDE-A gene expression in patients with abdominal obesity and LDL hyperlipoproteinemia qualified for surgical revascularization in chronic limb ischemia
Autorzy:
Feldo, Marcin
Kocki, Janusz
Łukasik, Sylwia
Bogucki, Jacek
Feldo, Jan
Terlecki, Piotr
Kęsik, Jan
Wroński, Jacek
Zubilewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-11-01
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
CIDE-A gene
obesity
femoro-popliteal revascularisation
dyslipidemia
Opis:
According to the latest data, CIDE -A gene plays a key role in the regulation of body weight in both humans and mice, and therefore it is regarded a potential candidate gene for human obesity. The aim of the study was to define the role of CIDEA gene in patients with dyslipidemia and symptomatic limb ischemia. Material and methods. The study group contained 28 patients, including 17 men and 11 women. Patients were enrolled in the study group, depending on the value of body mass index (BMI); there was BMI>30 for obese patients. The group included untreated patients (n=14) and patients (n=14) receiving atorvastatin 20 mg/day for at least three months prior to the initiation of the study. The control group (n=16) contained patients with no lipid disorders. A one-step isolation of RNA from lymphocytes and adipose tissue cells was carried out using the TRI method modified by Chomczyński and Sacchi. Next, gene expression was tested using real-time PCR. Results. The highest mean relative expression of CIDE -A gene occurred in patients with normal body weight. The lowest mean relative expression of CIDE-A gene was observed in obese patients with lipid disorders. A high negative correlation (r=-0.7919) of CIDE -A gene expression, depending on BMI, was reported in the group of obese patients with lipid disorders. Conclusions. Due to an important role of Cide-A protein demonstrated in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and their vascular complications, CIDE -A gene and protein are potential therapeutic targets in the case of these diseases.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2013, 85, 11; 644-648
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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