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    Tytuł:
    Admissibility of Evidence Obtained as a Result of Issuing an European Investigation Order in a Polish Criminal Trial
    Autorzy:
    Kuczyńska, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1597366.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-08-21
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    admissibility of evidence, evidence in criminal trial, European Investigative Order, Polish criminal trial
    Opis:
    This article analyses the admissibility of evidence gathered by the Polish procedural authorities as a  result of issuing an European Investigation Order, on the basis of provisions implemented due to the adoption on the 3th of April 2014 of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters. This Directive created a mechanism that allows for transfer of evidence between EU Member States. In this text the question will be answered how to deal with results of investigative measures that have been legally obtained in the executing state but despite acting in accordance with the legality principle by both states, happen to be illegal in the issuing Member State. Another discussed problem is how the rules of admissibility of evidence obtained from the result of issuing an EIO work in Poland – or at least how they should operate. The second discussed issue thus will refer to the current provisions in force in Poland regulating the method of dealing with evidence obtained abroad – that is also with evidence transferred from other Member States. It will be shown that they are unclear and may lead to undesirable results. In addition,  suggested changes in Polish law will be proposed.
    Źródło:
    Review of European and Comparative Law; 2021, 46, 3; 67-92
    2545-384X
    Pojawia się w:
    Review of European and Comparative Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changing Evidentiary Rules to the Detriment of the Accused? The Ruto and Sang Decision of the ICC Appeals Chamber
    Autorzy:
    Kuczyńska, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706792.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    ICC
    ICC Rules of Procedure and Evidence
    International Criminal Court
    intertemporal rules
    lex retro non agit
    retroactive application of criminal law
    retroactive application of procedural criminal law
    Rome Statute
    Ruto and Sang case
    Opis:
    The main topic of this article is retroactive application of procedural criminal law. In this text the question will be posed – and answered – whether the application of a new procedural provision that entered into force in the course of an ongoing proceeding should in that proceeding be considered as retroactive and in what scope or/and under what conditions can such retroactivity be allowed for. As will be shown the solutions in national jurisdictions differ according to the common law – continental law states divide. This problem will be discussed in the light of a decision in the ICC Ruto and Sang case. In this case the ICC Appeals Chamber had to answer several questions pertaining to the temporal application of new procedural provisions. Firstly, the Chamber had to decide whether a general ban on the retroactive application of substantive law should also apply to procedural criminal law. Secondly, the ICC Appeals Chamber had to analyze the criteria according to which it would evaluate whether the change of rules of criminal procedure in the course of an ongoing trial was to be considered as having a retroactive effect, and whether the change in the rules of admission of evidence could be considered detrimental to the accused. Thirdly, it will be shown that the ICC Appeals Chamber has chosen the common law concept of “due process rights” rather than the idea of “intertemporal rules” known from the continental doctrine, and why it chose to do so.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2017, 37; 101-123
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selection of Defendants before the ICC: Between the Principle of Opportunism and Legalism
    Autorzy:
    Kuczyńska, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706913.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    ICC
    International Criminal Court
    principle of legalism
    principle of opportunism
    Prosecutor
    Opis:
    International criminal tribunals had to make a choice between the principles of opportunism and legalism or decide to use a mixture of these both. They had to decide whether a prosecutor should become “the minister of justice” (as in the principle of legalism) or “the first judge” (evaluating in the frames of principle of opportunism the reasonable basis for prosecuting). This article addresses prosecutorial discretion before the ICC with respect to selecting defendants. Firstly, it analyzes the main differences between opportunism and legalism of prosecution. It also presents models of accusation functioning before the historical and existing international criminal tribunals – which usually opted for opportunism of prosecution. Before the ICC the conditions on which the Prosecutor may initiate an investigation are set in Art. 53(1) of the Statute: “The Prosecutor shall, having evaluated the information made available to him or her, initiate an investigation unless he or she determines that there is no reasonable basis to proceed under this Statute.” It is interesting to observe that this phrase may be interpreted in many various ways, depending on the model of accusation the author belongs to: those coming from the Anglo-Saxon tradition have tendency to search for elements of opportunism; those from civil law states assume that the model of accusation operates according to the principle of legalism. There is also a number of mixed options presented, according to which the ICC operates according to a mixture of these two principles. Finally, the article presents different rules adopted by the ICC Prosecutor (or proposed), which govern the choice of the defendants.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 187-224
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nazi Crimes in Poland. A Never-Ending Search for Justice
    Autorzy:
    Kuczyńska, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172258.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-16
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    prosecution of war crimes
    international criminal law
    Nuremberg trials
    Polish Supreme National Tribunal
    Institute of National Remembrance
    post-conflict justice
    Opis:
    This article deals with the model for prosecuting Nazi crimes committed in Poland in the light of the model presently used in international criminal law. It tries to answer the question: should the investigation of crimes of international law be handed over to transnational tribunals? Should they be hybrid tribunals involving a national factor, or completely supra-national tribunals like the International Criminal Court? Is it legitimate to transfer jurisdiction over these matters to national courts? The case of unpunished Nazi crimes in Poland may give a partial answer to this question. Certainly, various attempts made after World War II, including procedures brought before Polish courts, have contributed to understanding the function of international criminal law, and finding the answer to the question of the best model for prosecuting crimes of international law. At present, we also have the experience of international criminal tribunals, in particular the ICC, which is an efficient machine for prosecuting crimes of international law. Interesting conclusions can be drawn from its functioning that could improve the work of Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) prosecutors, and shed new light on the considerations regarding the prosecution of Nazi crimes in Poland after World War II.
    Źródło:
    Contemporary Central and East European Law; 2019, 1 (133); 142-160
    0070-7325
    Pojawia się w:
    Contemporary Central and East European Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    In vitro culture of white lupin embryos as a stage for SSD technique
    Autorzy:
    Ogrodowicz, Piotr
    Mikołajczak, Krzysztof
    Kuczyńska, Anetta
    Kaczmarek, Zygmunt
    Ćwiek-Kupczyńska, Hanna
    Surma, Maria
    Adamski, Tadeusz
    Święcicki, Wojciech
    Barzyk, Paweł
    Trzeciak, Renata
    Kempa, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    embryo development
    single seed descent technique
    survival rate
    temperature regimes
    type of growth
    white lupin
    Opis:
    White lupin is an important source of proteins, the content of which amounts to 36–40% in its seeds. Breeding of new varieties usually takes several years. The present study aimed to shorten the breeding cycle by applying the single-seed descent technique together with in vitro culture of embryos dissected from immature seeds. The effects of temperature on embryo development were studied in indeterminate vs. determinate varieties in in vitro culture using the following temperature regimes:(1) 8 °C; (2) 16 °C in the first week, then 8 °C; (3) 20 °C in the first week, then 20/18 °C; and (4) 16 °C throughout the culture period. The embryos were cultured on the standard Murashige and Skoog medium. The observed growth rate of plantlets as well as the survival of plants ex vitro showed that at lower temperatures (8–16 °C) the plants developed slowly, but their ex vitro survival rate was higher compared to those grown at a higher temperature (20 °C). In addition, the results indicated that the in vitro embryo development rate of determinate varieties is significantly lower than that of indeterminate varieties.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2021, 44; 9-14
    2081-2787
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Agronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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