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    Tytuł:
    Precipitation Processes during Non-Isothermal Ageing of Fine-Grained 2024 Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Kozieł, J.
    Błaż, L.
    Włoch, G.
    Sobota, J.
    Lobry, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352499.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    AA2024 alloy
    scrap metal milling
    structure refining
    powder metallurgy
    precipitation hardening
    Opis:
    Mechanical alloying and powder metallurgy procedures were used to manufacture very fine-grained bulk material made from chips of the 2024 aluminum alloy. Studies of solution treatment and precipitation hardening of as-received material were based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests and TEM/STEM/EDX structural observations. Structural observations complemented by literature data lead to the conclusion that in the case of highly refined structure of commercial 2024 alloys prepared by severe plastic deformation, typical multi-step G-P-B →θ” →θ’ →θ precipitation mechanism accompanied with G-P-B →S” →S’ →S precipitation sequences result in skipping the formation of metastable phases and direct growth of the stable phases. Exothermic effects on DSC characteristics, which are reported for precipitation sequences in commercial materials, were found to be reduced with increased milling time. Moreover, prolonged milling of 2024 chips was found to shift the exothermic peak to lower temperature with respect to the material produced by means of common metallurgy methods. This effect was concluded to result from preferred heterogeneous nucleation of particles at subboundaries and grain boundaries, enhanced by the boundary diffusion in highly refined structures. Transmission electron microscopy and diffraction pattern analysis revealed the development of very fine Al4C3 particles that grow due to the chemical reaction between the Al matrix and graphite flakes introduced as a process control agent during the preliminary milling of chips. Al4C3 nano-particles are formed at high temperatures, i.e. during hot extrusion and the subsequent solution treatment of the samples. Highly refined insoluble particles such as aluminum carbide particles and aluminum oxides were found to retard recrystallization and reduce recovery processes during solution treatment of preliminarily milled materials. Therefore, the as-extruded material composed of a milled part and chip residuals retained its initial bimodal structure in spite of solution heat treatment procedures. This points to a high structural stability of the investigated materials, which is commonly required for new technologies of high-strength Al-based materials production.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 169-176
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improving environmental odor measurements : comparison of lab-based standard method and portable odor measurement technology
    Autorzy:
    Maurer, D. L.
    Bragdon, A. M.
    Short, B. C.
    Ahn, H.
    Koziel, J. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204983.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    odor
    volatile organic compounds
    air quality measurements
    standardization
    olfactometry
    Opis:
    Current standard odor measurement methods are lab-based and require substantial investment in hardware, sample collection, training, and maintenance. Odor samples must be collected in the field using bags and brought to the lab to test. This can be a time-consuming process, with the possibility of the sample loss. The actual odor measurements are based on dilution olfactometry, embodied in the AC’SCENT® International Olfactometer, following the ASTM E679-04 standard. In recent years a portable olfactometer, the Scentroid SM100i, has been developed for odor measurements. The portable olfactometer has many advantages over lab-based standard method, especially the lower cost-per-sample. However, very little is known about the performance and reliability of portable olfactometer where the dilutions are controlled with orifices in metallic plates. It is important to evaluate the Scentroid SM100i accuracy to determine the usefulness of using it as a comparable technology for odor measurements. The main objective of this research is to compare the performance of the lab-based ASTM E679-04 method with portable odor measurement technology. Specific objectives include: (1) determining the accuracy of the dilution ratios specified by the manufacturer of both the AC’SCENT International Olfactometer and the Scentroid SM100i; (2) comparing results between olfactometers using n-butanol, a commonly used standard gas in the olfactometry field, and (3) determining the accuracy of odor measurement using real odor samples collected from livestock farms in Iowa. The AC’SCENT olfactometer had an average percent error between the factory specifications and measured dilution ratios of 5.23% compared with 14.1% for Scentroid SM100i (using plate i-2 with dilution range most comparable to the AC’SCENT olfactometer). The use of other dilution plates resulted in average percent errors ranging from 9.68% to 25.31%. The Scentroid SM100i deviated from the manufacturer specifications for flowrates and dilution ratios, but these flowrates were generally consistent with each dilution setting. Overall, the Scentroid SM100i overestimated the odor concentrations with the mean difference of 22.9% (ranging from 0.95% to 93.34%). When the post-measurement adjustment using dilution correction was made, the mean percent average difference was 11.8%.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Environmental Protection; 2018, 44, 2; 100-107
    2083-4772
    2083-4810
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Environmental Protection
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Legal Aspects and Statistics of Work Injuries in the Czech Republic
    Autorzy:
    Krügerová, M.
    Kozieł, M.
    Martiníková, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064939.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    STE GROUP
    Tematy:
    labor law
    work injury
    incapacity for work
    business trip
    occupational health and safety
    Opis:
    By work injury, a health damage or employee´s decease are meant if those were caused independently on employee´s will by short-period, accidental and violent effect of external impacts while fulfilling working tasks or directly related to it. Also such injury is considered a work injury, which happened when the employee fulfilled his/her working tasks. Legal regulation of the rights and obligations of employers as well as employees as it comes to occupational injuries is being often ignored by both parties of labour-law relationship. In fact, insufficient knowledge of this topic can bring many complications to both parties. It is necessary to keep in mind that not each injury can be considered work injury. The aim of this article is to analyze legal aspects of work injury supported by judicature and statistical data out of segment of work injuries in the Czech Republic. The law is not always clear and allows different explanation, as it also does not consider all situations and questions. Answers to problematic points are more and more often being found in judicature - deciding practice of courts, its conclusions, explanations and statements are evaluated. There is an example of injury happened during a business trip used in this article, by which it will be explained what activities can be thought such relating to working tasks fulfilment. When work injury occurs, the employer is obligated to clarify the reasons and circumstances of it. A monitoring of statistical data of work injuries and their causes seems to be a significant basis when elaborating company risk analyzes, prevention and risk management, occupational health and safety, working conditions and environment.
    Źródło:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 595--601
    2545-2827
    Pojawia się w:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fungi, Including Fusarium Spp., on Ears of Conventionally and Ecologically Grown Winter Wheat
    Autorzy:
    Martyniuk, S.
    Oroń, J.
    Kozieł, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199603.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    ears
    farming system
    fungi
    Fusarium spp.
    winter wheat
    Opis:
    Ears of winter wheat cultivars (Bogatka and Legenda) grown under conventional and ecological (organic) farming systems, were sampled at different developmental stages and examined for their colonization by filamentous fungi, including Fusarium spp. Ears samples were shaken in sterile water containing 0.01% of Tween 80 and appropriate 10-fold dilutions of the initial suspension were inoculated onto agar medium containing antibiotics to inhibit bacterial contaminants. After 6-7 days of incubation at 28o C fungal colonies were counted and after further 4 days fragments of colonies were transferred onto other media for identification. On ears at flowering no Fusarium species were found in 2008 with dry and hot July, but in 2009 with more frequent rainfalls in July Fusarium poae, F. tricinctum and F. avenaceum were detected on winter wheat ears at the flowering stage. At the hard kernel stage the following species were isolated from winter wheat ears: F. poae and F. sporotrichioides in 2008 (17 and 18 isolates respectively) and F. avenacum, F. crookwellense, F. poae, F. sporotrichioides and F. tricinctum in 2009 (2, 18, 39, 2 and 17 isolates respectively, and 9 unidentified Fusarium). In 2008 more Fusarium spp. were found on winter wheat ears grown under the conventional system than under the ecological (organic) system. In the ecological system wheat stands are thinner but taller (due to the lack of any mineral fertilizers and plant growth regulators) and in consequence winter wheat ears in this system may keep moisture shorter than those in the conventional system. It seems that this difference may be the most important factor influencing colonization of winter wheat ears by Fusarium spp. and other fungi under the compared farming systems.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 117-128
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Structure of the amorphous-crystalline Fe66Cu6B19Si5Nb4 alloy obtained by the melt-spinning process
    Struktura amorficzno-krystalicznego stopu Fe66Cu6B19Si5Nb4 otrzymanego metodą melt-spinning
    Autorzy:
    Kozieł, T.
    Latuch, J.
    Zielińska-Lipiec, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355938.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    metallic glasses
    amorphous/crystalline composites
    melt-spinning
    szkło metaliczne
    kompozyty amorficzno-krystaliczne
    metoda melt-spinning
    Opis:
    This paper presents structure investigations of the rapidly cooled Fe66Cu6B19Si5Nb4 alloy. A proper selection of chemical composition enabled in-situ formation of the amorphous-crystalline composite during the melt spinning process. Liquid phase separation into the Fe-rich and the Cu-rich phases was confirmed. The microstructures of alloy, melt-spun from 1723 and 1773 K, are composed of the Fe-rich amorphous matrix and Cu-rich spherical crystalline precipitates. For the higher melt-ejection temperature, no coarse precipitates could be observed. Amorphous nature of the Fe-rich matrix was confirmed by presence of a broad diffraction maximum on the X-ray diffraction patterns, a halo ring on the electron diffraction pattern as well as presence of exothermic effects, related to the crystallization of the Fe-rich amorphous matrix, in the differential scanning calorymetry. Beside presence of copper, revealing positive heat of mixing with iron, relatively large supercooled liquid region, was noticed.
    Praca przedstawia badania kompozytu amorficzno-krystalicznego otrzymanego w stopie Fe66Cu6B19Si5Nb4. Badania obejmowały rentgenowską analizę fazową (XRD), skaningową kalorymetrie różnicową (DSC), mikroskopię swietlną (LM), skaningową mikroskopię elektronową (SEM) i transmisyjną mikroskopię elektronową (TEM). Odpowiedni dobór składu chemicznego umożliwił uzyskanie kompozytu amorficzno-krystalicznego dzięki wykorzystaniu zjawiska podziału w stanie ciekłym w efekcie dodatniego ciepła tworzenia roztworu pomiędzy żelazem i miedzią. Mikrostruktury badanego stopu, po odlaniu z temperatury 1723 i 1773 K, składają się z amorficznej osnowy bogatej w żelazo i krystalicznych kulistych wydzieleń bogatych w miedź. Dla wyższej temperatury odlewania nie obserwowano dużych wydzieleń. Obecność fazy amorficznej została potwierdzona poprzez obecność halo na dyfrakcji elektronowej oraz efekt cieplny egzotermiczny w badaniach skaningowej kalorymetrii różnicowej, związany z krystalizacją osnowy bogatej w żelazo. Pomimo dodatku miedzi, wykazującej dodatnie ciepło tworzenia roztworu z żelazem, wyznaczony zakres cieczy przechłodzonej jest względnie duży.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2013, 58, 2; 601-605
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons During Diesel Combustion
    Autorzy:
    Pośniak, M.
    Makhniashvili, I.
    Kozieł, E.
    Kowalska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90764.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    diesel combustion exhaust
    occupational exposure
    workplace air
    carcinogenic compounds
    PAHs
    narażenie zawodowe
    ekspozycja
    zagrożenia chemiczne
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    nowotwory
    spaliny
    Opis:
    Identification and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Diesel exhaust in the working environment and assessment of workers’ occupational exposure to these suspected human carcinogens were the aim of this experimental investigation. The range of exposure factors calculated on the basis of 9 individual PAH concentrations determined in personal air samples shows that time-averaged concentration of these compounds did not exceed the Polish Maximum Admissible Concentration (MAC) value for PAHs, that is, 2 µg x m-3. The highest concentrations of PAHs were determined in the breathing zone of forklift operators. The maximum exposure factor was 0.427 µg x m-3(about 1/4 of MAC).
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 1; 17-26
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Zr Purity and Oxygen Content on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Melt-Spun and Suction-Cast Cu46Zr42Al7Y5 Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Kozieł, T.
    Latuch, J.
    Cios, G.
    Bała, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352353.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    metallic glasses
    bulk metallic glasses
    melt spinning
    suction casting
    Opis:
    The effect of oxygen content in zirconium on the structure and mechanical properties of the Cu46Zr42Al7Y5 alloy, in the form of melt-spun ribbons and suction-cast rods, was investigated. Two types of Zr, rod and crystal bar of different nominal purities and oxygen contents, were used to synthesize the alloy by arc melting. Rapidly solidified ribbons were produced by melt spinning and their amorphous structures were confirmed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Bulk samples in the form of rods were cast using a special water-cooled suction casting unit attached to the arc melting system. XRD and DSC studies proved the amorphous structure of the bulk alloy synthesized from low-oxygen Zr and partial crystallization of the same alloy for high-oxygen Zr. In both bulk samples, uniformly distributed crystalline particles were identified as yttrium oxides. Higher mean compressive strength of amorphous alloy was observed. The hardness of amorphous phase was close to 500 HV1 in both bulk alloys, while the hardness of crystalline dendritic areas, observed in the alloy synthesized from high oxygen Zr, was lower by about 50 HV1.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1215-1219
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructural characteristic of hypereutectoid iron alloys melted in ArcMelter furnace
    Autorzy:
    Frocisz, Ł.
    Krawczyk, J.
    Kozieł, T.
    Goły, M.
    Tokarski, T.
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075751.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.05.F-
    64.70.kd
    Opis:
    ArcMelter furnace is commonly used as a method for synthesis of amorphous and nanocrystalline materials. Due to easy and precise chemical composition control, also short time of whole process, this method was used to synthesis of new model hypereutectoid iron alloys. Material for the investigation was 90CrV6 steel. The chemical composition of this steel was modified to obtain the increase of carbides volume fraction with preserving the same chemical composition and mechanical properties of the matrix. The melt was conducted at sub atmospheric pressure of argon. The obtained materials were chemically analyzed by the use of optical emission spectrometer. The metallographic analysis was performed by the use of microscope. Phase composition in cast state was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Chemical composition of the ingots differed from the previously established compositions in the range of 0.08 mass percentage. The high cooling rate resulted in dendritic character of the obtained microstructures. The microstructure of modified tool materials was plate martensite with large amount of retained austenite. The stress induced martensitic transformation in the crack area was observed. Retained austenite destabilization was initiated by the stress relaxation related with material cracking.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 939-941
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Structures of Cu-based glass forming system doped with iron
    Autorzy:
    Kozieł, T.
    Latuch, J.
    Czeppe, T.
    Ratuszek, W.
    Cios, G.
    Zielińska-Lipiec, A.
    Bała, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1153737.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    81.05.Kf
    81.05.Bx
    61.05.cp
    68.37.Hk
    Opis:
    The effects of iron additions on the structure of (Cu_{0.47}Ti_{0.34}Zr_{0.11}Ni_{0.08})_{100-x}Fe_{x} (x=0, 1.5, 3, 6) glass forming system are presented. The alloys were synthesized by arc melting of high purity elements and melt spun to form: rapidly quenched ribbons. X-ray diffraction studies showed the amorphous structure of the base and Fe-containing alloys, confirmed by the presence of exothermic peaks on differential scanning calorimetry curves. Bulk samples in the form of rods (Φ3×55 mm) were cast using a suction casting unit attached to the arc melter. Structural investigations revealed partial crystallization of the base Cu₄₇Ti₃₄Zr₁₁Ni₈ alloy. Iron additions significantly decreased the glass forming ability of the alloy, leading to primary crystallization of dendrites.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 913-915
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) induced acute liver failure - A social problem in an era of increasing tendency to self-treatment
    Autorzy:
    Wroblewski, T.
    Kobryn, K.
    Koziel, S.
    Oldakowska-Jedynak, U.
    Pinkas, J.
    Danielewicz, R.
    Ziarkiewicz-Wroblewska, B.
    Krawczyk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50483.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2015, 22, 4
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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