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Tytuł:
Geology and mining of selected energy resources in China
Autorzy:
Ćmiel, S. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
Tematy:
China
geology
mining
energy resources
Opis:
The article presents geological and economic characteristics of energy resources and their mining in China. Coal basins are associated with the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fold structures connecting crystalline massifs of the Chinese Platform. In China four coal-bearing regions are delimited: the most important economically central region (Shanxi and Ordos Basin) as well as eastern, south-western and western (Xingjian). In terms of coal resources, China ranks third, and in terms of the extraction – first in the world, producing approx. 3.65 billion t a–1. In the twenty-first century Chinese mining industry has undergone restructuring involving the liquidation of small, technologically backward mines with poor safety and profitability record. The most important onshore oil and gas basins occur in Daqing, Shengli, Nanyang, Renqiu, Karamay, Dagang and Yumen, while offshore basins are in the Yellow Sea and South China Sea. In terms of crude oil consumption and import China takes the first place in the world. Natural gas plays a relatively small role in energy production. China has the largest shale gas reserves in the world (36 trillion m3) and it is intensively preparing for their extraction.
Źródło:
Landform Analysis; 2016, 32; 3-8
1429-799X
Pojawia się w:
Landform Analysis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cluster sets of analytic multivalued functions
Autorzy:
Harbottle, S. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1293315.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Opis:
Classical theorems about the cluster sets of holomorphic functions on the unit disc are extended to the more general setting of analytic multivalued functions, and examples are given to show that these extensions cannot be improved.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1991-1992, 101, 3; 253-267
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling flow in the porous bottom of the Barents Sea shelf
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48663.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
porous medium
surface wave
tide
Barents Sea
shelf
organic carbon
water transport
water flow
meteorological condition
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2013, 55, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the geometry of ocean surface waves
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
air-sea interaction
atmosphere-ocean interaction
deep water
dynamic factor
geometry
irregular wave
marine environment
ocean surface
regular wave
shallow water
surface wave
water motion
wave breaking
wave slope
Opis:
The factors influencing the atmosphere-ocean transfer of mass and momentum, as well as incipient wave breaking and the amount of energy dissipated due to breaking, are discussed in detail. In particular, the influence of directional spreading on the statistics of surface wave slopes and the area of the wind- roughened ocean surface is demonstrated. Theoretical analysis and comparison with the available experimental data show that unimodal directional spreading is not able to reproduce the observed ratio of the cross-wind/up-wind mean square slopes. Better agreement is achieved when bimodal directional spreading, consisting of two wrapped-Gaussian distributions, is applied. The bimodal form suggested by Ewans (1998) is used in the paper. Moreover, the formulae developed here show that the increase in the area due to surface waves is rather small for both regular and irregular waves.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surface waves in deep and shallow waters
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
surface wave
deep
shallow water
dynamic factor
marine environment
atmosphere-ocean interaction
ocean form
air-sea interface
hydrodynamics
Opis:
The motion of water due to surface waves is the most dynamic factor observed in the marine environment. In this review various aspects of the wave modelling of non-linear, steep surface waves and their role in the atmosphere-ocean interaction are discussed. Significant improvements in wave forecasting have been made in the last ten years. This is to a large extent related to substantial progress in the description of wind forcing and other processes, as well as to the more efficient use of satellite observations and assimilation methods. One striking observation is the increasing variety and complexity of models in which more physical processes are implemented, greater precision and resolution achieved and extended ranges of applicability demonstrated. However, in order to evaluate the applicability of particular models, comparison with high quality experimental data, collected in nature or under laboratory conditions, is necessary.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 1; 5-52
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Circulation of groundwater due to wave set-up on a permeable beach
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48887.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
groundwater circulation
water flow
filtration
surface wave
sandy beach
mathematical modelling
Opis:
Sandy beaches are highly exploited but very dynamic and fragile environments. Driven by waves, the water flow through the beach body is able to transport oxygen, and hence help to maintain biological activity in the porous media. The paper presents a theoretical attempt to predict the groundwater circulation due to wave set-up. Two systems of circulations have been discovered, related to two different gradients of the set-up height. For the offshore gradient, the horizontal excess pressure gradient induces flow in the offshore direction. However, closer to the shore, the pressure gradient is reversed and the resulting flow moves shorewards.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 3; 279-290
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected parameters of coal quality in fault zones of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)
Autorzy:
Ćmiel, S. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1204911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
fault zones
coal quality parameters
Upper Silesian Coal Basin
Opis:
The paper presents the changes of coal seams quality near fault zones. Three types of relations have been found. The first one shows an increase of coal quality at the 0.2 m distance from fault surface, as a result of increase of coalification degree. It is assumed that, this type was caused by heat of friction which was rising during faulting. It is revealed as an increase of such parameters as: caking properties, vitrinite reflectance, calorific value and carbon content, as well as the decrease of oxygen, ash, and moisture content. The second type presents differed degree of coal quality decrease. This type was produced due to hypergenic processes. The author found four subtypes of oxidation-type changes of coal quality parameters in fault zones. The first one shows the highest level of hypergenic processes in a coal seam about 1 m off a fault plane. The second presents minor degree of oxidation processes in the coal seam at a smaller distance from the fault. The third one demonstrates minimum oxidation changes of coal quality at a distance of 0.2 m from the fault. The fourth subtype of the oxidation changes of coal quality has been observed only in tectonic breccia and not in the coal seams itself.The third types demonstrates faults which do not show any impact on changes of coal quality parameters. To this type belong faults from SW part of USCB and faults with downthrown up to 20 m.
Źródło:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers; 2002, 7; 51-62
1507-9791
Pojawia się w:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oscillation criteria for third order nonlinear delay differential equations with damping
Autorzy:
Grace, S. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
oscillation
third order
delay differential equation
Opis:
This note is concerned with the oscillation of third order nonlinear delay differential equations of the form (r_2(t) (r_q(t)y^\prime(t))^\prime)^\prime + p(t)y^\prime(t)+q(t)f(y(g(t))) = 0$. (*) In the papers [A.Tiryaki, M.F. Aktas, Oscillation criteria of a certain class of third order nonlinear delay differential equations with damping, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 325 (2007), 54-68] and [M.F. Aktas, A. Tiryaki, A. Zafer, Oscillation criteria for third order nonlinear-functional differential equations, Applied Math. Letters 23 (2010), 756-762], the authors established some sufficient conditions which insure that any solution of equation (*) oscillates or converges to zero, provided that the second order equation $(r_2(t)z^\prime(t))^\prime + (p(t)//r_1(t))z(t)=0$ (**) is nonoscillatory. Here, we shall improve and unify the results given in the above mentioned papers and present some new sufficient conditions which insure that any solution of equation (*) oscillates if equation (**) is nonoscillatory. We also establish results for the oscillation of equation (*) when equation (**) is oscillatory.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2015, 35, 4; 485-497
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser Ignition of an Optically Sensitised Secondary Explosive by a Diode Laser
Autorzy:
Fang, X.
Ahmad, S. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
laser ignition
explosive
optical sensitizers
Opis:
As a green technology, laser ignition of a relatively insensitive secondary explosive has been experimentally investigated. The explosive, hexanitrostilbene (HNS), was doped with one of two optical sensitizers, carbon black or a laser absorbing dye, and a continuous-wave (CW) infrared diode laser was used as the igniting source. The ignition sensitivities of HNS with each of the two optical sensitizers were analysed and compared in terms of: optical power threshold for ignition, ignition delay and full burn delay at various laser powers. The results have shown that both the chemical dye and carbon black optically sensitize the explosive with similar efficiencies. In contrast to the carbon black, the dye provides wavelength specificity and selectivity in the laser ignition process and its solubility in some specific solvents improves the coating of the explosive material. It was therefore concluded that the laser absorbing dye is a better candidate for optical sensitization in laser ignition than the commonly used carbon black. The combination of laser ignition sensitivity with wavelength selectivity potentially offers higher reliability and safety at a low optical power for future ignitors of secondary explosives.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 1; 103-115
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genome instability in fruit body derived lines generated from fruiting pfle somatic hybrid lines and development of hybrid strain specific SCAR marker in edible mushroom
Autorzy:
Mallick, P.
Sikdar, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Ogrodnictwa
Tematy:
mushroom
fruit body
genome instability
polymorphism
ISSR marker
somatic hybrid
hybrid strain
SCAR marker
edible mushroom
Źródło:
Journal of Horticultural Research; 2015, 23, 2
2300-5009
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Horticultural Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Challenges in Integrating Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things for Environmental Monitoring
Autorzy:
Vijayalakshmi, S. R.
Muruganand, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Environmental monitoring
Internet of Things
Temperature and humidity measurement
Wireless Sensor Network
Opis:
Hardware technology developments and wireless communications enables the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSN will need to be connected to the Internet due to its variety of applications and their importance. This paper discusses the challenges in integrating WSN and IoT (Internet of Things). The best ways of integrating WSN and IoT for environmental monitoring are analyzed. The sensor node is developed to monitor environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. The sensor SHT75 to sense the temperature and humidity of the environment, XBeePro to communicate with gateway, LCD to display information are interfaced with MSP430 Microcontroller. The microcontroller is used for processing, controlling and communicating the information. The sensor nodes are deployed to measure the parameter in the target area. The information is communicated to the world of Internet in one of the best integrating ways discussed in the paper.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 41; 1-8
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surface wave generation due to glacier calving
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Przyborska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
surface wave
glacier
melting
climate warming
water surface
calving
geometrical factor
external factor
theoretical model
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2013, 55, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reverse logistic model for deteriorating item with preservation technology investment and learning effect in an inflationary environment
Autorzy:
Singh, S. R.
Rathore, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205799.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
reverse logistics
deterioration
preservation technology
learning
inflation
Opis:
Recycling is essential for the existence of the environment. Nowadays, recycling is also being promoted by the governments of numerous countries in the world. In the recycling process, the used items are collected from the customers and sent back to the remanufacturing unit. In the literature, many authors have assumed that the remanufactured items are as good as the freshly produced ones, but this is not really practical. The remanufactured items are of lower quality than the freshly produced ones. For purposes of studying the recycling process we have developed a reverse logistic model for the deteriorating items. The deterioration rate is treated as a controllable variable, which is controlled by investing in preservation technology. The demand rate is taken as exponential function of time with demand dependent manufacturing and remanufacturing rates. The fresh products are sold in the primary market and the remanufactured products are sold in the secondary market at a low selling price, in view of the low quality of remanufactured products. The whole study is carried out under the effect of learning in an inflationary environment and the learning coefficients are associated with production cost and set-up cost. The main objective of this study is to find the optimal cost value and the optimal operating times. At the end of this article numerical illustration is presented and sensitivity analysis is performed. The whole of the mathematical calculations is done with the use of the mathematical software Mathematica7.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2016, 45, 1; 83-94
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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