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    Tytuł:
    A new confidence interval for the odds ratio
    Autorzy:
    Zielińska-Kolasińska, Zofia
    Zieliński, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14785942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-03-15
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    confidence interval
    odds ratio
    Opis:
    We consider the problem of interval estimation of the odds ratio. An asymptotic confidence interval is widely applied in economics, medicine, sociology, etc. Unfortunately, this confidence interval has a poor coverage probability, significantly smaller than the nominal confidence level. In this paper, a new confidence interval is proposed. Its construction requires only information on the sizes of samples and the sample odds ratio. The coverage probability of the proposed confidence interval is at least the nominal confidence level.
    Źródło:
    Statistics in Transition new series; 2023, 24, 2; 113-128
    1234-7655
    Pojawia się w:
    Statistics in Transition new series
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of Logistic Regression for Firms Survival Analysis
    Zastosowanie regresji logistycznej do analizy szansy przetrwania firm
    Autorzy:
    Markowicz, Iwona
    Solorz, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906309.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    logistic regression
    odds ratio
    encoding, firms
    Opis:
    Lata 90-te XX w. w Polsce to okres rozwoju przedsiębiorczości. Swoboda zakładania i prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej przyczyniła się do powstawania nowych, głównie małych, firm. Nie wszystkim przedsiębiorcom udaje się jednak utrzymać działalność w dłuższym czasie. Celem artykułu jest analiza szansy przetrwania firmy przez określony czas oraz różnic dla firm założonych w różnych latach. Zastosowano model regresji logistycznej dla dychotomicznej zmiennej zależnej. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki etapu badań prowadzonych w ramach projektu badawczego MNiSW N 111 011 31/1109.
    The 90's of the 20th century in Poland it's a period of economic development. Freedom o f establishing and carrying on a business caused rising many new, mostly small firms. Yet not all entrepreneurs were able to run their businesses for a longer period of time. The purpose of the paper is to analysis firms survival chance in a determined period o f time and to analysis differences between firms established in different years. Logistic regression model for dichotomous dependent variable will be used.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2009, 228
    0208-6018
    2353-7663
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modifiable lifestyle factors and ovarian cancer incidence in women
    Autorzy:
    Plagens-Rotman, K.
    Chmaj-Wierzchowska, K.
    Pieta, B.
    Bojar, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081558.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    ovarian cancer
    risk factors
    lifestyle
    the odds ratio
    disease
    Opis:
    Introduction. A correct diet plays an important role in the prevention of malignant tumours. The risk of the disease may be reduced by introducing a number of changes to the daily diet. The most important changes concern the amount of fat in the diet, dietary fibre, antioxidants in the food and the reduction of substances having a significant impact on the development of malignant tumours. Objective. The aim of the study is to analyse the role of selected modifiable lifestyle factors affecting the development of ovarian cancer. Materials and method. The study covered healthy women and women with diagnosed ovarian cancer. A total of 850 women aged between 21–84 were studied. The study included women visiting the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital of the University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poland, between 2011–2013. Patients recognized with malignant ovarian cancer were qualified into the study based on the histopathological examination of the material obtained during surgery. Results. Respondents who consumed fruit and vegetables several times a week have the odds ratio OR = 0.29 level; 95% CI 0.04–2.01 (p =.2085), compared to women not consuming fruit and vegetables at all. Consumption of 100 g of French fries and potato chips several times a week, results in a 2-fold increase in ovarian cancer. The OR for this group of women amounts to 2.06; 95% CI 0.53–7.99 (p=.2966). Conclusions. A diet rich in fruit and vegetables, including bulb vegetables, and grain products containing whole grains, should be introduced. It is recommended that the consumption of popular fast foods be eliminated.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 1; 36-40
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pulmonary function of jute mill workers from West Bengal, India
    Autorzy:
    Mandal(Majee), A.
    Majumder, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1914021.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    pulmonary function
    jute workers restrictive/obstructive respiratory symptoms
    odds ratio
    Opis:
    Background: Jute industry workers constantly exposed themselves to jute dust and are at risk of impairment of lung function. Investigation on various studies revealed the effects of exposure to jute dust but limited studies so far undertaken regarding its bearing on pulmonary function of jute workers of West Bengal,India. Purpose: To evaluate the respiratory status of jute mill workers of West Bengal exposed to occupational hazards. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 203 male jute mill workers of age range 18 – 60 yrs. from West Bengal and a control group of 141 men of similar age .Dynamic pulmonary function parameters were carried out including physical parameters, respiratory abnormalities, year of exposure and smoking history. Results: FVC, FEV1, FEF 200-1200 and PEFR values of higher age group non smoker of low dust zone were significantly higher in comparison to the non smoker of high dust zone. The prevalence of chest tightness was 33.49% and liver dysfunction was 41.9% in dusty zone workers of jute mill in comparison to less dusty zone. Again, incidence of chest tightness and cough was highest (35.44%) in higher age group workers and prevalence of byssinosis like symptoms and chronic bronchitis was 30- 37% after 10 – 30years of exposure. But occurrence of bronchial asthma was 11.9% in workers of greater than 20 years of exposure. Prevalence of all the above respiratory abnormalities was higher among smokers than non-smokers. Conclusions: Concentration of jute dust exposure had been associated with decrease in FVC, FEV1, and PEFR with a higher risk of developing chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms. This indicated high occupational health hazards which would create an alarming situation, if remained unchecked.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2014, 4, 1; 7-17
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of socio-demographic factors on the breastfeeding period of women in Bangladesh: a polytomous logistic regression model
    Autorzy:
    Islam, Masudul
    Afroja, Sohani
    Biswas, Animesh
    Khan, Md. Salauddin
    Khandker, Sara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/551863.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Przyjaciół Medycyny Rodzinnej i Lekarzy Rodzinnych
    Tematy:
    chi-square distribution
    logistic models
    breastfeeding
    milk
    Bangladesh
    odds ratio
    Opis:
    Background. In Bangladesh, terrible degradation in the breastfeeding period has occurred with rapid urbanization in recent years that is causing a shortage of child nourishment. Identifying the risk factors of breastfeeding duration is important for planning nutritional programs and strategies. Objectives. This study tries to identify influential demographic and socio-economic factors that affect the breastfeeding period for reducing child nutrition deficiency. Material and methods. The study attempts to proceed with data collected from an observational study entitled the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2014. The breastfeeding period (Ordinal exogenous variable) is classified into three groups: 0–5-months, 6–23 months and at least 24 months. Gamma, chi-square and linear-by-linear statistics are used to identify the associated factors that have an impact on the breastfeeding period. A test of parallelism is conducted to evaluate the proportional odds. The polytomous logistic regression (PLR) model and the proportional odds (PO) model are used to find the marginal effect of demographic and socio-economic predictors that affect the breastfeeding period. Results. Parental educational attainment, wealth index, division, religion, mother’s BMI, drinking water source, household members, amenorrhea and abstaining, respectively, are the most significant factors that influence the breastfeeding period. The PLR model is also more precise than the PO model for indicating the marginal effect among those vital factors for the breastfeeding period. Conclusions. PLR is an appropriate model to recognize the effect of predictors of breastfeeding duration instead of the PO model and other measures.
    Źródło:
    Family Medicine & Primary Care Review; 2019, 3; 223-229
    1734-3402
    Pojawia się w:
    Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Information inequalities for the minimax risk of sequential estimators (with applications)
    Autorzy:
    Gajek, Lesław
    Mizera-Florczak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1339084.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
    Tematy:
    odds ratio
    information inequalities
    censored data
    minimax estimation
    proportional hazard model
    Opis:
    Information inequalities for the minimax risk of sequential estimators are derived in the case where the loss is measured by the squared error of estimation plus a linear functional of the number of observations. The results are applied to construct minimax sequential estimators of: the failure rate in an exponential model with censored data, the expected proportion of uncensored observations in the proportional hazards model, the odds ratio in a binomial distribution and the expectation of exponential type random variables.
    Źródło:
    Applicationes Mathematicae; 1998-1999, 25, 1; 85-100
    1233-7234
    Pojawia się w:
    Applicationes Mathematicae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of chained two-point clusters for the examination of associations of air pollution with health conditions
    Autorzy:
    Szyszkowicz, Mieczysław
    Burr, Wesley S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177423.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05-25
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    ambient air pollution
    Mortality
    case-crossover
    cluster
    relative risk
    odds ratio
    Opis:
    Objectives There are a few accepted and intensively applied statistical methods used to study associations of ambient air pollution with health conditions. Among the most popular methods applied to assess short term air health effects are case-crossover (using events) and time-series methodologies (using counts). A few other techniques for studying counts of events have been proposed, including the Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). One suggested GLMM technique uses cluster structures based on natural embedded hierarchies: days are nested in the days of a week (dow), which, in turn, are nested in months and months in years (< dow, month, years >). Material and Methods In this study the authors considered clusters with hierarchical structures in a form of < dow, 14-days, year >, where the 14-days hierarchy determines 7 clusters composed of 2 days (the same days) of a week (2 Mondays, 2 Tuesdays, etc.), in 1 year. In this work the authors proposed hierarchical chained clusters in which 2 days of a week are grouped as follows: (first, second), (second, third), (third, fourth) and so on. Such an approach allows determination of an additional series of the slopes on the clusters (second, third), (fourth, fifth), etc., i.e., estimation of the coefficients for other configurations of air pollutant levels. The authors considered a series of 2 point chained clusters covering a year. In such a construction each cluster has one common data point (day) with another one. Results The authors estimated coefficients (slopes) related to the ambient ozone exposure (mortality) and to 3 selected air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) combined into index and considered as health risk exposure (emergency department (ED) visits). The generated results were compared to the estimations obtained from the time-series method and the time-stratified case-crossover method applied to the same data. Conclusions The proposed statistical method, based on the chained hierarchical clusters (< dow, 14-days, year >), generated results with shorter confidence intervals than the other methods.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 4; 613-622
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An approach to represent a combined exposure to air pollution
    Autorzy:
    Szyszkowicz, Mieczyslaw
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177164.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-17
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    ambient air pollution
    case-crossover
    odds ratio
    index
    emergency department visit
    air pollution
    Opis:
    Objectives The objective of this study was to present a technique for estimating the effect of ambient air pollution mix on health outcomes. Material and Methods We created a technique of indexing air pollution mix as a cause of the increased odds of health problems. As an illustrative example, we analyzed the impact of pollution on the frequency of emergency department (ED) visits due to colitis among young patients (age < 15 years, N = 11 110). Our technique involves 2 steps. First, we considered 6 ambient air pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, and 2 measures of particulate matter) treating each pollutant as a single exposure. Odds ratios (ORs) for ED visits associated with a standard increase (interquartile range – IQR) in the pollutants levels were calculated using the case-crossover technique. The ORs and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were also found for lagged exposures (for lags 1–9 days). Second, we defined a Health Air Study Index (HASI) to represent the combined impact of the 6 air pollutants. Results We obtained positive and statistically significant results for individual air pollutants and among them the following estimations: OR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02–1.1, NO₂ lag 3, IQR = 12.8 ppb), OR = 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01–1.07, SO₂ lag 4, IQR = 2.3 ppb), OR = 1.04 (95% CI: 1–1.06, PM lag 3, IQR = 6.2 μg/m³). Among the re-calculated ORs with the HASI values as an exposure, the highest estimated value was OR = 1.37 (95% CI: 1.12–1.68, for 1 unit of the HASI, lag 3). Conclusions The proposed index (HASI) allows to confirm the pattern of associations for lags obtained for individual air pollutants. In the presented example the used index (HASI) indicates the strongest relation with the exposure lagged by 3 days.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 5; 823-830
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    What is the association between post-traumatic stress disorder and unemployment after a disaster?
    Autorzy:
    Serrano, Carlos
    Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo
    Ahumada, Francisco
    Araque-Pinilla, Fernanda
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2093865.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-13
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    resiliency
    psychosocial risk factors
    odds ratio
    unemployment
    sex difference
    post-traumatic stress disorder
    Opis:
    ObjectivesThe problem is to determine whether, after a disaster, unemployment is a possible cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) – the classic model, or whether PTSD is a possible cause of unemployment – the alternative model.Material and MethodsThe study was conducted on a probabilistic sample of 26 213 adults who provided responses using the Davidson Trauma Scale and lived in regions near or far from the epicenter (Cobquecura, the coast of Chile) of the earthquake and tsunami of February 27, 2010.ResultsIndependent of the proximity to the epicenter, there is an association between PTSD, unemployment, female sex and the poverty line. For regions close to the epicenter, the alternative model has better adjustment indicators than the classic model.ConclusionsGiven the adjustment of the alternative model, the occurrence of PTSD cases is more likely to explain the unemployment condition.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2021, 34, 6; 755-766
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The risk of hearing loss associated with occupational exposure to organic solvents mixture with and without concurrent noise exposure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Autorzy:
    Hormozi, Maryam
    Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza
    Mirzaei, Ramazan
    Dehghan Haghighi, Javid
    Eftekharian, Fatemeh
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161922.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-06-19
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    odds ratio
    occupational exposure
    organic solvents
    dose–response relationship
    hearing loss
    noise
    Opis:
    This study is a meta-analysis of the previous epidemiological studies which investigated the quantitative estimates of the association between independent or combined exposure to noise and mixed organic solvents and hearing loss until October 2014. Overall, 15 studies with information on 7530 individuals (6% female) were included. Having assessed – by puretone audiometry – the adjusted odds ratio estimates for the association between solvents mixture exposure and the risk of developing hearing loss stood at 2.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44–2.9). Similarly, for subjects who were concurrently exposed to noise and solvents mixture, an OR of 2.95 (95% CI: 2.1–4.17) was obtained. There was some evidence of heterogeneity within each of the 2 exposure groups (p heterogeneity < 0.001). This heterogeneity was not explained by differences in strength of effect between duration of exposure, the number of solvent and exposure index in subgroups of solvents mixture exposure. Based on the available data, our analysis has provided the evidence of increased risk of developing hearing loss for workers exposed to organic solvents even at quite low concentration. Moreover, if such exposure is accompanied by noise, it will exacerbate the extent of hearing loss. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(4):521–535
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 4; 521-535
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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