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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 47
Tytuł:
Educational Reform - Etiology, Types, Rules.
Autorzy:
de Tchorzewski, Andrzej Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
educational reform
educational reform etiology
types of educational
reform
the principles of educational reform
the authors-reformers
implementers
Opis:
The subject of the article is the phenomenon of educational reforms. This phenomenon is one of the basic elements of pedagogical processes. In each historical period, all the educational reforms have their etiology and are characterized by specific consequences or the partial or total lack of them. The aim of the research on the above issue is to establish the general reasons for their conducting, to describe and explain the factors determining their process, making a typology of educational reforms and the rules for their implementation. All of these elements can significantly determine their quality. It is known, that this affects the effectiveness of school teaching and educational process. The school as an educational institution fulfills a social function having in mind the increase of the level of consciousness and pedagogical culture of each local environment, regional and national community and state. The basic methods that have been applied in the research were: the historical-comparative method and progressive method. The first enabled to implement the synthetic generalizations depicting mainly the etiology of educational reforms. The second method, in turn, was used to propose a typology of educational reforms and the formulation of the rules for their implementation. The research of these issues and the findings of them can be used for in-depth reflection and discussion on the searching for the conditions that optimize the processes of educational reforms and their effects.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education; 2017, 12; 13-33
2543-7585
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hormonal disturbances and etiology of gynecomastia in 17–30-year-old males
Zaburzenia hormonalne i etiologia ginekomastii u mężczyzn między 17. a 30. rokiem życia
Autorzy:
Kurowska, Maria
Malicka, Joanna
Tarach, Jerzy
Denew, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/551717.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Przyjaciół Medycyny Rodzinnej i Lekarzy Rodzinnych
Tematy:
gynecomastia
etiology
hormonal disorders
Źródło:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review; 2014, 2; 117-119
1734-3402
Pojawia się w:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Law – The Etiology of the crisis
Prawo - etiologia kryzysu
Autorzy:
Kowalewski, Adam
Nowak, Maciej J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025143.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Źródło:
Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN; 2018, 182, 1; 83-145
0079-3507
Pojawia się w:
Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Congenital cholesteatomas
Autorzy:
Narożny, Waldemar
Kuczkowski, Jerzy
Stankiewicz, Czesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401793.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
congenital cholesteatoma
middle ear
etiology
treatment
overview
Opis:
Congenital cholesteatoma is a rare ear disorder. The most common presentation is a pearly and white mass, visible with an intact tympanic membrane in individuals with no previous history of ear discharge, ear surgery or perforation of tympanic membrane. Based on a careful overview of literature, authors of this article present: the most probable theories of the cause of development of congenital cholesteatoma, diagnostic criteria of congenital cholesteatoma, its most common clinical symptoms, preoperative studies, methods of surgical treatments and goals of postoperative proceedings. Furthermore, authors present a comparison of histological, molecular and clinical features of congenital and acquired cholesteatomas.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny; 2015, 4, 2; 78-83
2084-5308
2300-7338
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vitreous floaters - etiology, diagnostics and treatment
Autorzy:
Skowronek, Joanna
Święch, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22792597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Medical Education
Tematy:
vitreous floaters
vitreous body
PVD
posterior vitreous detachment
Opis:
Vitreous floaters are one of the most common complain of ophthalmological patients. The aetiology of floaters includes pathological process (vitreous haemorrhages, injuries, diabetics or uveitis) and also natural age-related changes in vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms. Process of posterior vitreous detachment requires particularly careful monitoring, because of potential complications such as retinal tears or retinal detachment. Supplementation with anti-glycation and antioxidant substances allows to reduce complains of patients with vitreous floaters.
Źródło:
OphthaTherapy; 2023, 10, 2; 103-108
2353-7175
2543-9987
Pojawia się w:
OphthaTherapy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brucellosis in humans - etiology, diagnostics, clinical forms
Autorzy:
Galinska, E.M.
Zagorski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
brucellosis
human disease
etiology
diagnostics
clinical form
Brucella
occupational exposure
serological diagnostics
etiological factor
Brucella melitensis
Brucella abortus
Brucella suis
Brucella canis
Brucella neotomae
Brucella ovis
Brucella marina
Brucella microti
Brucella inopinata
Opis:
Brucellosis in humans is a zoonosis of greatly varied clinical image. It occurs on all inhabited continents. The course of the disease may be acute, sub-acute or chronic. The etiologic factors of brucellosis are small, aerobic Gram-negative rods of the genus Brucella, which currently contains ten species: B. abortus, B. suis, B. ovis, B. melitensis, B. canis, B. neotomae, B. pinnipedialis, B. ceti, B. microti and B. inopinata. In humans, the disease is caused mainly by: B. melitensis as the most pathogenic species, followed by B. suis, whereas B. abortus is considered as the mildest type of brucellosis. The natural reservoir of the germ and the source of infection in humans are infected domestic animals, primarily cattle, sheep, goats, as well as wild animals. Infection in humans occurs by penetration through damaged skin, conjunctiva, and more rarely via the alimentary route by the consumption of infected products. Especially exposed are: veterinarians, veterinary technicians, insemination service employees, zoo technicians, farmers working on multi-herd farms (production cooperatives), e.g. cattlemen, also private farmers, employees of slaughter houses and meat processing enterprises. A basis for diagnosing brucellosis are serologic tests which allow the detection of antibodies occurring in response to infection, performed with the use of the following methods: agglutination test, complement fixation test, Coombs test, 2-mercaptoethanol agglutination test, and Burnet’s intradermal allergy test which detects the state of hypersensitivity of the infected organism to Brucella abortus rods.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2013, 20, 2
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determining Risk Factors and Demographic Patterns of Suicide in Tehran
Autorzy:
Farhangdoost, Yosef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430598.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Suicide
etiology
sociological and psychological factors
demographic
Opis:
Suicide refers to the death of a person that is primarily achieved by self-harm. Today, it is considered one of the major public health issues. One of the important risk factors associated with attempted suicide is social relations. This study is a descriptive and analytical study that aims to identify the suicide rate, the risk factors in suicide, and the methods of suicide. The findings show that there is a significant relationship between suicide and demographic variables that include age, sex, educational level, adherence to religion, and occupation. This research also shows the psychological factors that lead to suicide include depression, addiction, lack of social activities, and mental disorders caused by chronic disease.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2010, 41, 2; 52-57
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Auditory hypersensitivity – definition, etiology, etiopathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities
Autorzy:
Czarnecka, Emilia
Lachowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399061.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
auditory hypersensitivity
hyperacusis
misofonia
phonophobia
uncomfortable hearing level
Opis:
Introduction: Auditory hypersensitivity is a phenomenon difficult to define for several reasons. The most important obstacle to the formulation of a clear definition is the terminology complexity, variety reported symptoms, their subjectivity and circumstances of occurrence. Abnormalities in auditory, physiological and psychological processes are connected with auditory hypersensitivity. Despite the wide range of diagnostic tests, managing a patient with this disorder is not an easy task. Aim: The review explains the causes of inconsistencies in the terminology associated with this phenomenon, lists the types of auditory hypersensitivity mentioned in the latest literature, presents available epidemiological data and characterizes the most important diseases accompanied by auditory hypersensitivity. In addition, difficulties in determining the etiology and potential mechanisms for auditory hypersensitivity in subjects with no hearing impairment have been described. The paper also presents methods of diagnosis and treatment options proposed in the literature.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny; 2020, 9, 2; 27-34
2084-5308
2300-7338
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Depresja – rys historyczny
Depression – historical view
Autorzy:
Musiał, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
depresja
depression
etiologia
etiology
historical view
melancholia
melancholy
mood disorders
rys historyczny
zaburzenia afektywne
Opis:
The purpose of the article was to give an overview of conception, nosology, ways of treatment of depression from the origins of humanity. The evolution of psychiatric thoughts, rivalising theories approaching from mysticism and rational seeking biological grounds of depression, to descriptions of features, systemization and common classification development, DSM-IV and ICD-10 covering internal, external and psychogenic causes has been shown. The first reference about the mood insanity comes from ancient times. The Hippocratic conception describes biological ground of depression occurring due to excess of one of four humours. The conception, although frequently changed, survived through the next centuries, still exists in contemporary way of understanding of internal causes. The scientist introduced the term “melancholy” which until the beginning of the XIX century has been characterizing mood diseases, covered temperament, insanity states and periodic mood changes. In the XIX and XX centuries Kraepelin, describing the whole group of affective insanities used the term of manic-depressive psychosis. This conception was revised in the XX century by Kleinst and Leonardo. In the XX century new classification systems were built, actually functioning as DSM-IV and ICD-10. In explaining of the genesis of melancholy the scientists regarded to chemistry and physics. Burton also suggested family source of depression and Perfect accorded to congenital factors. Psychoanalytic approach of Freud shows early childhood psychical nature conflict impact, the influence of separation process and uncovered needs. Nowadays in the etiology of depression biological, genetical and psychological factors are concerned. The evolution of treatment ways starts from magic, herbs, diet, massages, physical activity, through opium, laudanum, electroshock therapy to actual pharmacology.
Celem niniejszej pracy było prześledzenie na przestrzeni historii ludzkości rozwoju poglądów, nazewnictwa, sposobów leczenia depresji. Chronologicznie przedstawiono ewolucję myśli psychiatrycznej, konkurencyjne teorie, podążające od mistycyzmu i racjonalnego odnajdywania biologicznego podłoża depresji do wyodrębniania objawów, dokonywania podziałów i tworzenia współczesnych klasyfikacji DSM-IV i ICD-10, obejmujących przyczyny endogenne, egzogenne i psychogenne. Pierwsze doniesienia na temat zaburzeń nastroju pochodzą z czasów starożytnych. Hipokrates wskazywał na biologiczne podłoże depresji wynikające z przewagi jednego z czterech płynów wewnątrzustrojowych. Pogląd ten, choć w zmienianej postaci, przetrwał kolejne wieki, aktualny jest we współczesnym rozumieniu jej endogennych przyczyn. Uczony wprowadził termin „melancholia”, który aż do początków XIX w. opisywał schorzenia nastroju, obejmował temperament, stany chorobowe i okresowe zmiany nastroju. W XIX i XX w. Kraepelin, opisując ogół schorzeń afektywnych, stosował termin „psychozy maniakalno-depresyjne”. Pogląd ten zrewidowano w XX w. za sprawą doniesień Kleista i Leonarda. W XX w. tworzono systemy klasyfikacyjne aktualnie funkcjonujące jako DSM-IV i ICD-10. W wyjaśnianiu patogenezy melancholii uczeni odwoływali się do zasad chemii i fizyki. Burton wskazywał na rodzinne podłoże depresji, a Perfect na rolę czynników wrodzonych. Psychoanalityczne podejście Freuda odwołuje się do udziału wczesnodziecięcych konfliktów natury psychicznej, roli procesu separacji i niezaspokojonych potrzeb. Współcześnie w etiologii zaburzeń depresyjnych uwzględnia się czynniki biologiczne, genetyczne, psychologiczne. W leczeniu najpierw stosowano magię i zioła, następnie dietę, masaże, aktywność fizyczną, opium, laudanum, elektrowstrząsy, obecnie terapia opiera się na środkach farmakologicznych.
Źródło:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna; 2007, 7, 1; 42-46
1644-6313
2451-0645
Pojawia się w:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infections of GBSs etiology and use of perinatal antibiotic prophylaxis
Autorzy:
Szymanski, S.
Szczerba, K.
Konstanty-Kurkiewicz, V.
Daszkiewicz, A.
Sipak-Szmigiel, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3729.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Źródło:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2018, 12, 2
1898-2395
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Telomeropathies: rare disease syndromes
Autorzy:
Panczyszyn, A.
Boniewska-Bernacka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski. Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu
Tematy:
chromosome
telomere
telomerase
telomeropathy
rare disease
disease symptom
dyskeratosis congenita
genetic etiology
diagnostic procedure
Opis:
Telomeres are located at the end of the chromosomes. They protect chromosomes from fusion and degradation. Every cell division causes a shortening of the telomeres. A special enzymatic complex called telomerase is responsible for maintaining telomere length in intensively dividing cells, such as epithelial cells and bone marrow cells. The enzymatic complex includes the TERT subunit, which has reverse transcriptase activity, and the TERC subunit, which acts as a template. Other important components of telomerase are the proteins that are responsible for structural stability. Telomerase remains active only in the dividing cells of the body. The rate of telomere shortening depends on many factors including age, sex, and comorbidities. Faster shortening of telomeres is caused by gene defects, which have an impact on telomerase action. Collectively, these are called telomeropathies. Common causes of telomeropathies are mutations in the TERT and TERC telomerase genes. Types of telemeropathies include dyskeratosis congenita, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and aplastic anaemia, among others. Clinical manifestations and prognoses depend on the type and quantity of mutated genes. Diagnosis of telomeropathies is often problematic because they present with the same symptoms as other diseases. So far, no effective therapeutic methods have been developed for telomeropathies. A therapeutic method for patients with bone marrow failure may be the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. For patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, treatments include immunosuppressive therapy, lung transplantation, or palliative care. In the future, gene therapy may be an effective treatment strategy for telomeropathies. Lifestyle changes may also have a positive impact on the person. Physical activity combined with a healthy diet rich in antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids can decrease the oxidative stress levels in cells and lead to a slower shortening of the telomeres.
Źródło:
Medical Science Pulse; 2018, 12, 2
2544-1558
2544-1620
Pojawia się w:
Medical Science Pulse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental elaphostrongylosis of goats
Autorzy:
Demiaszkiewicz, A.W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/839772.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:
parasite
red deer
goat
etiology
nematode
central nervous system
Elaphostrongylus cervi
elaphostrongylosis
invasive larva
domestic animal
Źródło:
Annals of Parasitology; 1998, 44, 3
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Parasitology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What Is “Inflammatory Bowel Disease” & How Can It Be Treated?
Autorzy:
Lustyk, Klaudia
Sapa, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej Ośrodek Umea Shinoda-Kuracejo
Tematy:
Crohn’s disease
Etiology
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Therapy
Ulcerative colitis
Opis:
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are usually grouped together as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite many researches, the etiology is still unknown, but it is believed that IBD is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that interact with the immunological system. Many people worldwide (around 4 million) suffer from a form IBD and the incidence of Crohn's disease is still increasing. Aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologic medicines reduce the inflammation, relieve symptoms, prevent flare-ups, but new, more effective drugs with smaller amount of side effects are wanted and examined.
Źródło:
Medicina Internacia Revuo; 2013, 25, 100; 106- 111
0465-5435
Pojawia się w:
Medicina Internacia Revuo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Epidemiological Characteristic of Acute Pancreatitis in Trzebnica District
Autorzy:
Bogdan, Justyna
Elsaftawy, Ahmed
Kaczmarzyk, Janusz
Jabłecki, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-02-01
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
acute pancreatitis
etiology
severe acute pancreatitis
recurrent pancreatitis
treatment
Opis:
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common surgical disease, and thus cause of hospitalization. Incidence and etiology of this condition demonstrates large regional differences. This situation is a substantial financial burden forhospital district, and changes in organization structure and funding medical service should be taken under consideration.The aim of the study was to record the epidemiology with etiology, diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis in large district (77 000 inhabitants).Material and methods. A meta-analysis study of all 298 patients admitted to Hospital St Hedwig in Trzebnica, in the six-year period from 2005 to 2010, with acute pancreatitis was performed.Results. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 298 patients in the six - year period, giving an estimated incidence of 64.4 per 100 000. Among the group of 441 admissions for acute pancreatitis in 298 patients was confirmed. Severe acute pancreatitis developed in 22.5% (67/298) of patients, more often in males 56/208 (27%) than in females 11/90 (12%). Gallstones were found as an etiological factor in 27% (80/298), and alcohol intake in 49% of patients. 211/298 (70%) patients had only one attack, whereas 29% (87/298) were readmitted with 230 relapses. The risk of recurrent pancreatitis was 48% in alcohol induced and 6,25% in gallstone induced pancreatitis. 53/298 patients (17%) were operated, ERCP procedures were performed in 24.Performed operations: necrosectomy in 25/53 (47%), elective cholecystectomy in 16/53 (30%), open drainage of abdominal abscess in 5/53 (9%), open drainage of cysts in 5/53 (9%), Jurasz's operation in 2/53 (3%). Majority surgical treatment was carried out in 68% cases with severe acute pancreatitis. Mortality due to acute pancreatitis was 3% (10/298); 15% in severe pancreatitis.Conclusions. 1. Acute pancreatitis continues to be an important clinical problem. 2. Severe, necrotic acute pancreatitis is associated with high mortality rates. 3. The ethanol-intake-related episodes of acute pancreatitits are much more prevalent than the gall-stone-related ones. 4. After the exclusion of ethanol- and gall-stones-related etiologies, the subsequent diagnostic process should aim at excluding neoplastic process of the head of pancreas.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2012, 84, 2; 70-75
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Etiology, clinical manifestation and radiological findings in cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis
Autorzy:
Solinska, A.
Dziurzynska-Bialek, E.
Grudzinska-Raczek, A.
Guz, W.
Kurys-Denis, E.
Krupski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3618.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Źródło:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2012, 06, 2
1898-2395
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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