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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Conditions of dead zone forming in porous catalyst pellets
    Autorzy:
    Król, G.
    Szukiewicz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185431.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    diffusion reaction processes
    diffusional limitation
    critical Thiele modulus
    procesy reakcji dyfuzji
    ograniczenia dyfuzyjne
    moduł krytyczny Thiele
    Opis:
    In the present work the results of the investigations on dead zone formation conditions in catalyst pellet are discussed. A new, simple method of determining the types of kinetic equations for which such a zone can appear was developed on the basis of simple mathematical transformations. It was shown that: (i) pellet geometry has no influence on necessary conditions of the origination of dead zone (ii) only driving-force term (in the sense of Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson kinetic approach) decides if a dead zone is formed. A new algorithm which allows fast and precise evaluation of critical Thiele modulus Fcrit (in a catalyst pellet for F>Fcrit the dead zone appears) was proposed and tested.
    Źródło:
    Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 1; 129--138
    0208-6425
    2300-1925
    Pojawia się w:
    Chemical and Process Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Verification of Dead Zones Generated in Bioreactors as a Proactive Stage in Bioreactor Design
    Autorzy:
    Al-Mashhadani, Mahmood K. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    bioreactor
    dead zone
    flow pattern
    mass transfer
    modeling
    Opis:
    The activity and growth of microorganisms for renewable energy production are still influenced by the dead zones created in bioreactors. These areas form a nutrient and thermal gradient, causing an abundance of food in certain areas compared to famines in other areas of same bioreactor. The current study is a step in identifying those dead zones, followed by another step in improving the flow of media inside the reactor. The results indicated that the inner parts of the bioreactor may be a crucial factor in the creation and spread of such dead zones. For example, the position of the disc-type diffuser contributes to the generation of those areas at the bottom of the reactor. It was inferred from the fluid movement in reactors using the annular-type diffuser proposed in the current study. The bubble size, gas mass flux, and radiuses of fillet, as the most important factors, were examined in both bioreactors. The results revealed a noticeable improvement in these parameters in this area of the reactor when the disc diffuser was replaced by the annular diffuser. For example, the average liquid velocity was recorded in the lower part of the modernized reactor at 0.0198 m/s, while the velocity was recorded in the conventional reactor at 0.00077 m/s under same bubbles diameter used in both reactors (0.125 mm). The inclusion of the effect of the presence of microorganisms in mathematical models was also addressed in the current study. The results showed that the amount of oxygen remaining at the bottom of the reactor after bio-consumption in the presence of the annular diffuser was higher than that in the conventional reactor. This clearly emphasizes the importance of the design of the internal parts of the bioreactor.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 6; 65--74
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Examination of hydraulic amplifiers in the aspect of lifetime prediction
    Autorzy:
    Jastrzębski, G.
    Ułanowicz, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244003.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    hydraulic amplifier
    distributing slider
    hydrodynamic radial force
    insensitivity (dead) zone of a hydraulic amplifier
    durability (lifetime)
    Opis:
    The paper presents the lifetime analysis for a hydraulic amplifier and considers two types of the flow distributing devices, i.e. a linear distributings lider and a rotarys lider. Description of essential properties associated with operation of distributing devices in hydraulic amplifiers is included with particular attention to analysis of processes that affect wear and tear of hydraulic amplifiers and influence quality of their operation. In that context a set of parameters that determine operation quality of hydraulic amplifiers was found out where mutual independence of the parameters, their unambiguousness and measurability served as the criteria for selection there of two methods of analysis were used that took account for the foregoing assumption, i.e. the method of maximum informative capacity of the parameter and the method that assumes maximum alteration of the technical condition due to execution of the test. The completed examinations made it possible to find out characteristic curves for hydraulic amplifiers with a linear distributing slider as well as with a rotary slider with regard to their accumulated operation time. Further predictions of the hydraulic amplifier lifetime take advantage of the assumption that the deterioration effect of functional parameters attributable to hydraulic amplifiers is represented by a series of time-related values (y1,y2.....yn)i.e. a set of discrete observations {y1=ksi(teta)} associated with an unsteady stochastic process ksi(teta). The relationships how functional parameters o f a hydraulic amplifier vary in pace with its operation time t are described by means of the Gaussian distribution with the assumption that the course of a functional parameter deterioration corresponds to its aggregated characteristic curve that represents resistance of a distributing device embedded into a hydraulic amplifier to wear and tear processes. Wear of crucial parts within a hydraulic amplifier is measured in terms how functional parameters of that part associated with its accuracy, sensitivity and switching speed are getting worse and worse as time goes by.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 165-172
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energy values and energy resources of two prawns in Baltic coastal waters: the indigenous Palaemon adspersus and the non-indigenous Palaemon elegans
    Autorzy:
    Janas, U.
    Bruska, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48799.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Palaemon elegans
    Palaemon adspersus
    Palaemonetes varians
    palaemonid species
    non-indigenous species
    energy value
    Baltic Sea
    Baltic coastal water
    Dead Vistula River
    Vistula delta
    coastal zone
    Polska
    Opis:
    Until recently only two palaemonid species inhabited the southern Baltic: Palae- mon adspersus and Palaemonetes varians. Soon after the year 2000 a new species – Palaemon elegans – arrived and quickly established itself as a new component in the trophic web. The objects of this research were to define the energy value and energy resources of P. elegans and to compare them with the corresponding values for the native P. adspersus. These parameters will supply information about this new link in the trophic web and may help to explain the part played by the new prawn and its population in the energy flow. This work demonstrated that the energy values of both prawn species were very much the same: the average energy value of P. elegans was 16.5±2.1 J mg−1 DW (19.3 ± 2.5 J mg−1 AFDW) (N = 150), that of P. adspersus was 16.7 ± 2.1 J mg−1 DW (19.5 ± 2.5 J mg−1 AFDW) (N= 71). No statistically significant differences in energy value were found between the two species with respect to sex, size or season. The results show that P. elegans is an energetically valuable food item for predators. Its energy resources in Polish brackish coastal waters can be as high as 150 kJ m−2; the highest among the palaemonid species in this area, they constitute a rich supply of food for other organisms.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 281-297
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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