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Tytuł:
Outer Space Treaty and land garb – false security?
Autorzy:
Zarzycki-Siek, Jerzy
Powiązania:
Kwartalnik Bellona 2022, nr 1, s. 63-78
Współwytwórcy:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego oth
Data publikacji:
2022
Tematy:
Bezpieczeństwo
Prawo kosmiczne
Wyścig kosmiczny
Artykuł problemowy
Artykuł z czasopisma naukowego
Artykuł z czasopisma wojskowego
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono genezę prawa kosmicznego w kontekście rozważań strategicznych mocarstw, które je stworzyły – USA i ZSRR. W podsumowaniu stwierdzono, że wbrew powszechnemu mniemaniu prawo dotyczące przestrzeni kosmicznej nie zabrania zawłaszczania ziemi. W rezultacie prawo przestrzeni kosmicznej zawarte w „Traktacie o przestrzeni kosmicznej” (Outer Space Treaty) stało się niejednoznaczne i otwarte na interpretację. Luki prawne sprawiły, że niektóre państwa (m.in. USA) zaczęły intensywnie działać w przestrzeni kosmicznej.
Bibliografia, netografia, wykaz aktów prawnych na stronach 77-78.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
V4 Medical Simulation Centers Best Practices
Najlepsze praktyki centrów symulacji medycznej V4
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Marek
Puślecki, Mateusz
Hebel, Kazimiera
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Opis:
This publication is dedicated to teachers, trainers and medical simulation center technicians committed to the ongoing development of medical training of students and healthcare professionals through medical simulation education. Four state-of-the-art medical simulation centers from the Visegrad region share their the best practices that are among the top available educational techniques and technologies. These include Body InteractTM (described in Chapter 1) applied by the Centre of Simulator and Virtual Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. This technology is a student-centered self-directed learning approach that allows students and healthcare professionals to practice simulated real-life clinical scenarios in their own time and at their own pace. In Chapter 2, the University of Szeged Clinical Skills Center describes the SBAR Technique for teaching the highly necessary but often neglected interpersonal skills crucial in emergency departments and during changing shifts at hospitals. The Clinical Skills Center also reveals the fascinating world of microsurgery, its prestigious labs and simulation-based surgery curriculum for professionals. The Simulation Centre of the Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University -largest and leading medical simulation center in Europe and the Visegrad region -shares in Chapter 3 its tested and proven simulation-based curriculum. Chapter 3 is a very practical and comprehensive instructions manual in how to implement and achieve the best learning outcomes through simulation-based education. The last chapter introduces a new type of medical simulation methodology called the Standardized Patient (SP) that involves an amateur actor who plays the role of a patient. The MedExcellence Medical Simulation Center staff and trainers show how introducing SP into Lazarski University’s medical program benefits soft skills training among future healthcare providers. The interaction with a ‘live’ patient adds both realism and honesty to the educational experience because students receive genuine feedback from the amateur actor/patient. The best practices described in this publication were first presented and discussed during study visits and multiplier events that took place at each medical simulation center as part of the V4 Network of Medical Simulation Centers: Building Best Practices project sponsored by the Visegrad Fund.
Monografia jest przeznaczona dla nauczycieli, trenerów i techników centrów symulacji medycznej zaangażowanych w ciągły rozwój szkolenia medycznego studentów i pracowników służby zdrowia poprzez edukację w zakresie symulacji medycznej. Cztery najnowocześniejsze centra symulacji medycznej z regionu wyszehradzkiego dzielą się najlepszymi praktykami wykorzystującymi najlepsze dostępne techniki i technologie edukacyjne. Należą do nich Body InteractTM (opisany w rozdziale 1) stosowany przez Centrum Symulatorów i Medycyny Wirtualnej na Wydziale Medycznym Uniwersytetu Pavola Jozefa Šafárika w Koszycach. Technologia ta jest zorientowanym na studenta podejściem do samodzielnego uczenia się, które pozwala studentom i pracownikom służby zdrowia ćwiczyć symulowane rzeczywiste scenariusze kliniczne we własnym czasie i we własnym tempie. W rozdziale 2 Centrum Umiejętności Klinicznych Uniwersytetu w Szeged opisuje Technikę SBAR do nauczania bardzo potrzebnych, ale często zaniedbywanych umiejętności interpersonalnych kluczowych na oddziałach ratunkowych i podczas zmian w szpitalach. Centrum Umiejętności Klinicznych ujawnia również fascynujący świat mikrochirurgii, jego prestiżowe laboratoria i oparty na symulacji program nauczania chirurgii dla profesjonalistów. Centrum Symulacji Wydziału Medycznego Uniwersytetu Masaryka – największe i wiodące centrum symulacji medycznej w Europie i regionie wyszehradzkim – dzieli się w rozdziale 3 swoim przetestowanym i sprawdzonym programem nauczania opartym na symulacji. Rozdział 3 to bardzo praktyczna i kompleksowa instrukcja, jak wdrożyć i osiągnąć najlepsze wyniki nauczania poprzez edukację opartą na symulacji. Ostatni rozdział wprowadza nowy rodzaj metodologii symulacji medycznej o nazwie Standaryzowany Pacjent (SP), która obejmuje aktora-amatora odgrywającego rolę pacjenta. Pracownicy i trenerzy Centrum Symulacji Medycznej MedExcellence pokazują, w jaki sposób wprowadzenie SP do programu medycznego Uczelni Łazarskiego przynosi korzyści w zakresie szkolenia umiejętności miękkich wśród przyszłych pracowników służby zdrowia. Interakcja z żywym pacjentem dodaje zarówno realizmu, jak i szczerości do doświadczenia edukacyjnego, ponieważ studenci otrzymują prawdziwe informacje zwrotne od aktora/pacjenta-amatora. Najlepsze praktyki opisane w niniejszej publikacji zostały po raz pierwszy zaprezentowane i omówione podczas wizyt studyjnych i wydarzeń mnożnikowych, które odbyły się w każdym centrum symulacji medycznej w ramach sieci centrów symulacji medycznej V4: Building Best Practices sponsorowanego przez Fundusz Wyszehradzki.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Książka
Tytuł:
Bill on high risk suppliers
Autorzy:
Rogalski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
infrastructure, high-risk suppliers, cybersecurity, exclusion from deliveries
Opis:
The subject of this article is the introduction of cybersecurity-related regulations on the providers of infrastructure for the provision of 5G technology services into the Polish legal system. In particular, the implementation of the recommendations of the report prepared by the Network and Information System Cooperation Group entitled Cybersecurity of 5G networks EU Toolbox ofrisk mitigating measures (referred to as the 5G Toolbox). Following the recommendations of the European Commission, Poland has undertaken work on introducing regulations that would implement the provisions of the 5G Toolbox regarding high-risk suppliers. An amendment to the Act on the National Cybersecurity System of 3 July 2023 (‘the Bill’) has been prepared, which includes recommendations of the 5G Toolbox. The article carries out an analysis to answer the question of whether the provisions of the Bill regarding proceedings in the case of the so-called high-risk suppliers are consistent with the Constitution and basic procedural principles, and in particular whether legal guarantees have been provided for participants in the proceedings regarding high-risk suppliers. The research hypothesis is that not all proposed regulations in this area meet the previously indicated requirements. The analysis takes into account the proposed regulations regarding: proceedings concerning recognition of a supplier as a high-risk supplier; application of the provisions of the Code of Administrative Procedure in these proceedings and the content of issued decisions and remedies. Mainly the dogmaticlegal method, as well as the theoretical-legal method, is used.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 98-111
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Object of the crime of a creditor’s bribery
Autorzy:
Stefański, Ryszard A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
bankruptcy, bribery, creditor, debtor, financial benefit
Opis:
The article is of a scientific and research nature, and its subject matter covers the object of the crime of a creditor’s bribery (Article 302 § 2 of the Criminal Code). The article aims to resolve the doubts it raises. The author presents its development in Polish criminal law and analyses the features specified in the provision: a creditor, financial benefits, means of granting them, a promise to grant such benefits, acting to the detriment of other creditors, a relationship between a creditor’s action and an insolvency proceeding or a proceeding aimed at preventing bankruptcy, an insolvency proceeding, and other proceedings aimed at preventing bankruptcy. The interpretation of all these notions is proposed in the article based on doctrine and case law.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 22-36
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remarks on the Tightening of Liability for Certain Traffic Offences
Autorzy:
Łucarz, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089905.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
traffic offence, traffic violation, criminal punishment, prohibited act, fine
Opis:
The author discusses the nature and scope of changes introduced to the Code of Petty Offences and the Code of Procedure in Petty Offences Cases by the Act of 2 December 2021. The amendment represents a drastic intervention by the legislator in the current legal framework regarding offences against safety and order in transportation. It foresees significant modifications in the legal and criminal response to these offences, transformations in the characteristics of selected types of prohibited acts, and proposes entirely new types of prohibited acts. The analysis suggests that the guiding principle behind these changes is to increase the degree of punitiveness of petty offences law towards perpetrators of traffic violations. This legislative approach raises concerns about the instrumental use of petty offences law with respect to the perpetrators of these offences. The adopted direction of changes raises suspicions that the legislator has not thoroughly familiarised themselves with the matter covered by their intervention. In any case, it is not grounded in the current state of traffic criminality, or in the analysis of judicial practice. An increase in repressiveness has never directly translated into a reduction in traffic criminality. The latter is a much more complex problem, involving the necessity of multi-faceted references.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 55-69
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Criminal law assessments of the exploitation of prostitution practised by humanoid robots
Autorzy:
Lachowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089862.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
law, criminal law, exploitation of prostitution, artificial intelligence, humanoid robots
Opis:
The subject of this study is the criminal law issue of exploiting prostitution practised by humanoid robots. Interest in this issue stems from two main reasons. Firstly, the development of new technologies, including artificial intelligence capable of self-education, analysis of the surrounding reality, and decision-making necessitates the consideration of its legal subjectivity. Secondly, the emergence of brothels employing humanoid robots prompts reflection on the criminal responsibility of those who benefit from the prostitution facilitated by them. This article aims to highlight the phenomenon of using humanoid robots in prostitution, offer a criminal law assessment of such behaviour from the perspective of Polish criminal law, and suggest the direction for the development of domestic criminal law to accommodate this phenomenon in the future. Additionally, it addresses the issue of criminal liability for harm caused by a humanoid robot equipped with artificial intelligence while providing sexual services. The article predominantly employs the dogmatic-legal method, performing an exegesis of the provisions of Article 204 of the Criminal Code in the context of the issue signalled. The analyses have concluded that this norm does not encompass in which the perpetrator facilitates, induces prostitution of a humanoid robot or derives financial benefits from such activities, despite such behaviour being detrimental to morality, the fundamental good protected under Article 204 of the Criminal Code. De lege lata, a humanoid robot may also not be subject to criminal liability if it harms a person using its sexual services, as such an ‘essence’ does not align with the current structure of crime and the concept of criminal punishment. However, the liability of manufacturers or users of such devices is not ruled out. It should be noted that as humanoid robots become more autonomous, holding producers or users criminally liable for damages they cause becomes less justifiable, and the applicability of artificial intelligence liability similar to the criminal liability of legal persons becomes more relevant.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 1 ENG; 1-12
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fear or agitation as normative elements of legitimate self-defence excess
Autorzy:
Grudecki, Michał
Sitarz, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
criminal law, justification, self-defence, self-defence excess, fear and agitation
Opis:
The authors of this publication have explored the importance of justifying fear and agitation underpinning the transgression of necessary self-defence. According to Article 25 § 2 and 3 of the Criminal Code, they identified five scenarios, differing in how a perpetrator’s mental state is determined, affecting the criminal law consequences of unlawfully infringing on or exposing the aggressor’s legal interests. The authors validated the preliminary hypothesis that the legislator assumed legitimate self-defence excess results from fear or agitation due to the circumstances of the assault, necessitating procedural confirmation. Their occurrence leads to the defender’s impunity, regardless of the type of legal interests infringed and the extent of legitimate self-defence excess. A shortfall in the mental state circumstances of a defender, as referred to in Article 25 § 3 of the Criminal Code in a specific factual state, opens the possibility of applying a general, complementary provision, i.e., Article 25 § 2.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 1 ENG; 13-34
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formation of some elements of the right to defence in misdemeanour proceedings
Autorzy:
Sowiński, Piotr Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
defence, defendant, defence counsel, procedural guarantees, offenders, misdemeanour proceedings, criminal proceedings
Opis:
The text analyses normative solutions concerning the right to defence in Polish proceedings in cases of offences. It discusses the formation of selected elements of the right to defence, from the pre-war solutions to modern times. The author highlights the autonomy of the solutions in force in the 2001 Code of Proceedings in Misdemeanour Cases, and their similarities to the right to defence in criminal cases, constituting the most comprehensive model of this right.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 1 ENG; 54-79
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Statutory elements of the crime of motor vehicle registration plates forgery
Autorzy:
Stefańska, Blanka Julita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
alteration, counterfeiting, legalisation, motor vehicle, object of protection, registration plate, types of crime
Opis:
This article is of a scientific and research nature and covers the subject of offences defined in Article 306c of the Criminal Code, which has been in force since 1 October 2023. It addresses, inter alia, the counterfeiting or altering of a motor vehicle registration plate to use it as an authentic one (§ 1) and using it as an authentic one (§ 2). The primary research goal is to assess the reasonableness of introducing this provision into the Criminal Code and the correctness of determining the conditions for its application and its objective scope. The assumption is that the criminalisation of such behaviour could be an effective weapon in combating the phenomenon of fuel theft from petrol stations, as the perpetrators of these thefts usually attach counterfeit plates to their vehicles. The analysis covers the object of protection of this provision, the types of this crime, their elements such as counterfeiting and alteration, the concept of a registration plate, the legalisation of the plate, the purpose of the causative behaviour, and the concept of a motor vehicle. It is sufficient to use the normative and dogmatic method to analyse the issues.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 37-54
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Termination of employment relationship in uniformed services in connection with their reorganisation or dissolution – constitutional issues
Autorzy:
Szustakiewicz, Przemysław
Wieczorek, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
public administration, officer, uniformed services, public service
Opis:
This article addresses the legal issues arising from the transformation of internal security bodies within the structure of public administration, specifically focusing on how such events impact the service relationship of officers employed in those structures (the so-called ‘uniformed services’). The analysis covers regulations governing the service relationships of officers in the State Protection Office, Government Protection Bureau, and Customs Services in connection with the dissolution of these institutions and the establishment of the Internal Security Agency, the Intelligence Agency, the State Protection Service, and the Customs and Fiscal Service. Theoretical and legal models are identified, and substantive legal provisions are presented to assess their compliance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 130-143
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Active regret in the light of the latest amendments to Fiscal Penal Code
Autorzy:
Tużnik, Marta Roma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
active regret; e-active regret, fiscal offences, fiscal misdemeanours
Opis:
The study presents both planned and introduced amendments concerning the traditional measure of fiscal penal law: active regret. The publication consists of four thematic parts. The first part presents general characteristics of active regret and provides an overview of the functions this measure performs. The second and third parts contain a presentation of the proposed and eventually withdrawn amendments in terms of the positive and negative premises of active regret, respectively. The fourth part of the article discusses the amendments introduced to the Fiscal Penal Code, allowing for the submission of the notification to the financial preparatory proceeding body also via an account at the e-Tax Office. The publication ends with conclusions, in which the author assesses the current legal regulations in the analysed field.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 70-82
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Freedom of expression and hate speech regarding the activities of public officials in political debate
Autorzy:
Stępień-Załucka, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
freedom of expression, hate speech, public figures
Opis:
Freedom of expression has accompanied humanity for centuries. As societies have developed over the decades, it has evolved and changed. In parallel, the brutalisation of language has also progressed, leading to the emergence of hate speech. Today, hate speech is a global phenomenon, significantly impacting the speech of public figures. This is due to the fact that such statements reach a wide audience, which includes both supporters and opponents of such a person. Consequently, this leads to a wide-ranging debate where individual arguments lose relevance, overshadowed by the repetition of negative slogans and comments with hatefulovertones. This article aims to delineate the boundary between freedom of expression and hate speech, highlighting the consequences associated with the use of hate speech by public figures. It seeks to prove the main thesis that hate speech in the activity of public figures is an unquestionably negative phenomenon and thus cannot benefit from the protection guaranteed under freedom of speech. Additionally, it posits that hate speech undermines the dignity of individuals and society, leads to a decline in the culture of speech, and diminishes both political and social culture. Consequently, it erodes the authority of public figures and harms the offices they hold by undermining trust in them.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 112-129
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Permission for municipalities to establish and finance prizes and awards for athletes in electronic sports
Autorzy:
Kuczkowski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
e-sports, sports awards and prizes, sports performance, sports competition, e-sports player
Opis:
The article, original in nature, was devoted to the issue of awards and prizes for e-sports players. The motivational financial instruments in question are regulated in the Sports Law, specifically in Article 31. The author has attempted to solve the legal problem of finding an answer to the question of the legal possibility for municipalities to establish and finance prizes and awards for e-sports players under Article 31 of the Sports Law. Due to the singular and causal works in the field of e-sports funding, which do not address the issue of establishing and funding prizes and awards for e-sports players under Article 31 of the Sports Act, the elaboration of this issue within the framework of the article will, in the author’s opinion, undoubtedly enrich the current literature on the subject. The introductory considerations focus on presenting the essence of the definition of sport and attempt to qualify e-sports as a sport under the Sports Act, which is significant for the possibility of local authorities establishing prizes and awards. The key views of the literature, judicial decisions, and the state of the law in this area were presented. Investigations in this area have led to the conclusion that, with a few reservations, it is possible to qualify e-sport as a sport. Subsequently, the focus was on the legal aspects concerning the possibility for municipalities to establish and finance prizes and awards for e-sports players. The problemconcerning the understanding of competition under the Sports Act was resolved, and it was pointed out that e-sports players, despite the lack of a Polish e-sports association, can participate in sports competitions under the Sports Act. In addition, the problematic premise concerning the importance of a given sport for a local authority has been clarified. The final considerations in this area have allowed de lege ferenda postulates to be formulated. The analysis is based on legal norms and statements of doctrine and jurisprudence. The article contains considerations concerning the normative and dogmatic sphere as well as the sphere of law application by administrative courts. The research has a national character. In this article, the dogmatic-legal method has been applied, consisting of the analysis of legal regulations on the establishment and financing of awards and prizes for players of electronic sports. The subject matter discussed is divided into several main editorial units. The different parts correspond to the main outline of the problem and its relation to important scientific and practical issues.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 1 ENG; 136-152
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU project of the ‘AML Package’ – reform or revolution in the field of counteracting of money laundering
Autorzy:
Golonka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
money laundering, counteracting money laundering, AML directive, AML package, AML set
Opis:
The study is an original scientific article devoted to the issues of proposed changes in the EU regulations on counteracting money laundering (the so-called ‘AML package’). A significant part of the amended provisions of EU legal acts will be governed by EU Regulations and, as such, they will be directly applicable. This situation justifies the need for an in-depth analysis. On the other hand, those provisions which remain in the form of directives raise certain reservations. Therefore, the aim of this article is to analyse the nature and scope of the comprehensive amendment to the AML regulations using a formal-dogmatic method. Based on this analysis, conclusions were drawn regarding the assessment of the legitimacy and possible effectiveness of the proposed regulations in combating money laundering. The conclusion also highlights the inaccuracies and deficiencies they are burdened with, allowing for de lege ferenda postulates concerning the desired correction of the regulations.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 1-21
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Limits of the evidence initiative of the court of first instance and the reliable evidence procedure
Autorzy:
Skwarcow, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
criminal proceedings, evidence initiative of the court, impartiality of the judge, reliable evidence proceedings, the accused
Opis:
This article aims to delineate the boundaries of the evidence initiative of the Court of the First Instance, which bears the responsibility to fulfil the goals of criminal proceedings, as outlined in Article 2 § 1 item 1 and § 2 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, from the perspective of evidence reliability, an essential component of the fair criminal trial concept. The court’s evidentiary actionswere thus examined through the lens of requirements stemming from Article 6(1) and (3) of the ECHR, especially the principles of independence, impartiality, adversarial process, immediacy, and access to criminal proceeding materials. The article adopts a dogmatic approach, building on an analysis of current national legal standards and the Rome Convention’s provisions, viewed through doctrine and jurisprudence of national courts and the Court in Strasbourg. This makes the publication relevant for both legal scholars and practitioners involved in criminal proceedings. The analysis suggests that the court’s initiative to introduce evidence, its methods of evidence gathering, and access to collected materials during proceedings must not curtail the rights of the parties, especially the accused, to conduct their evidentiary activities. Depriving the court of the primacy of independence and impartiality, restricting the parties’ capacity to engage in dispute in favour of an inquisitorial jurisdictional body violates the right to fair evidentiary proceedings. The court, in safeguarding the principle of material truth, must remember its role as a justice administrator and balance all arguments accordingly. Seeking evidence solely to establish the accused’s guilt contradicts the procedural function of adjudication and compromises the court’s neutrality, making it an extension of the prosecution. Hence, a thorough elucidation of case circumstances by the court should not disempower the parties, particularly regarding their initiative to present evidence.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 1 ENG; 80-98
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 45

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