Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "Public Management" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
The Public Service Ethos Versus Public Management Models
Autorzy:
Mazur, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
public service
public management
public governance
bureaucracy
Opis:
The paper examines the issue of public service ethos and poses a question how that specific culture fits into the framework of public management. The author states that in the early 21st century, the Weberian model of bureaucracy is under increasing pressure of market-logic driven models of public management. On the other hand, an alternative to both classic bureaucracy and modern public management seems to have emerged in the form of public governance theory. In the context of contradictory influences, Poland 's administration finds itself at a crossroads nowadays, as it struggles with the bureaucratic legacy and underdeveloped public service ethos, while entering the foreign land shaped by not entirely compatible logics of the market and public governance.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2013, 4, 8; 95-114
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Artificial Intelligence in Public Management: Aspects of Integration
Autorzy:
Storozhenko, Lina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24849612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
artificial intelligence
digital technologies
netocratic public management
integration
information and digital society
Opis:
The article examines various aspects of the use of artificial intelligence in the public administration system. In particular, the world experience of implementing intelligent technologies in management activities of the USA, China, Singapore, Japan, UAE, India, UK, Canada, Germany as leaders in the implementation of effective digital innovations in the field of public administration is considered. Attention is focused on creating favorable conditions at the state level to support initiatives for the development of artificial intelligence and determining its exceptional role in the further development of society. An analysis of Ukrainian practices of integrating artificial intelligence technologies into public administration proves that the use of digital innovations in domestic management activities is a definite pointer for the introduction and approval of relevant social, political, legal, economic, cultural norms in order to form a modern digital society, the most important element of which there is the development and active integration of artificial intelligence technologies into the management system and the formation of a «new» netocratic public administration. The article highlights key aspects of the implementation of artificial intelligence in public administration, including automation of administrative processes, data analysis, open access and exchange of information, security and protection of information, flexibility and adaptability, ensuring public participation, electronic platforms for citizen participation, identification and counteraction corruption, hybrid service systems, efficiency and innovation.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2023, 4(40); 37-49
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical basis of new public management
Teoretyczne podstawy nowego zarządzania publicznego
Autorzy:
Łukomska-Szarek, J.
Włóka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/405695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
public management
New Public Management
NPM
local self-government
zarządzanie publiczne
jednostka samorządowa
Opis:
This publication highlights the considerations of public sector modernization, using the New Public Management reform. Investigations affect difficulties connected with public sector management therefore dilemma of functioning each public sector units. They are focused on reform, primarily New Public Management, which is regarded to be phenomenon of public management. Contents contained below, first of all are aimed at explanation the term public, and then the public management reform, which are permanently connected with problematic aspects this publication. Moreover from this point of view essential significance has area, in which follows development this reform. Whole considerations portraying later, are focused on showing basic concepts of New Public Management, it’s origin, diverse approaches to definition, advantages and disadvantages too. At the end of publication described conclusions which emphasise essence of New Public Management in public sector at the local government level.
Niniejsza publikacja zwraca uwagę na konieczność modernizacji metod zarządzania sektorem publicznym, zwłaszcza zastosowania koncepcji Nowego Zarządzania Publicznego (NPM). Trudności związane z zarządzaniem sektorem publicznym stanowią dylemat funkcjonowania każdej jednostki tego sektora. Treści zawarte w artykule mają przede wszystkim na celu przybliżenie reform zarządzania publicznego, koncentrują się na ukazaniu podstawowych koncepcji nowego zarządzania publicznego, jego genezy, zalet i wad. Konkluzją publikacji jest wskazanie roli nowego zarządzania publicznego w sektorze publicznym na szczeblu samorządowym.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2013, 7; 282-289
2081-7452
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Management Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Considerantions of motivation in public management
Argumentacja zarządzania w sektorze publicznym
Autorzy:
Constantin, D. I.
Kot, S.
Ciurea, V.
Bunaciu, M.
Grabara, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/405843.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
zarządzanie publiczne
administracja publiczna
władza centralna
władza lokalna
public management
public administration
central authority
local authority
Opis:
The notion of public administration bears several acceptations, an activity one, of functional meaning and an organisational one. In both ways, public administration is indissolubly connected to the state. In default of the state, there is no public administration, as this is a state activity, performed by government bodies. This affirmation is confirmed by the stipulations of the Romanian Constitution, called public Authorities, chapter V, titled Public Administration. The first section intended for the specialised central public administration (ministry, other central bodies), and a second section is dedicated to the local public administration (county councils, local councils, mayors). There is no doubt that both sections refer to government bodies performing a state activity, so that the central specialised bodies of the public administration as well as the local bodies of the public administration are government bodies, and the activity they perform is a state one.
Pojęcie administracji publicznej możemy rozpatrywać jako działalność w sensie funkcjonalnym lub organizacyjnym. W obu przypadkach administracja publiczna jest nierozerwalnie związana z państwem. W przypadku braku państwa nie istnieje również administracja publiczna, ponieważ zalicza się ona do działalności państwa wykonywanej przez organy rządzące. Taki zapis jest ujęty w postanowieniach Konstytucji Rumunii: Władze Publiczne w rozdziale V zatytułowanym Administracja Publiczna. Pierwszy rozdział poświęcono wyspecjalizowanej centralnej administracji publicznej (ministerstwo oraz inne organy centralne), drugi rozdział jest poświęcony lokalnej administracji publicznej (władze hrabstwa, władze lokalne, burmistrz). Nie ma wątpliwości, że oba rozdziały odnoszą się do organów rządzących realizujących działania państwowe, zatem centralne wyspecjalizowane organy administracji publicznej jak i lokalne organy administracji publicznej są organami rządzącymi i prowadzona przez nie działalność stanowi działalność państwową.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2010, 2; 20-28
2081-7452
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Management Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial Planning as a Public Management Tool in Poland: Premises and Reality
Autorzy:
Gulski, Bogusław
Gorzym-Wilkowski, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18105064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
spatial planning
stakeholders
aberrations
values
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to assess the functioning of spatial planning in Poland in the context of public management objectives. Drawing on the concepts of New Public Management, we use the category of stakeholders and public value generated for stakeholders. Two groups of stakeholders in spatial planning are distinguished, namely public (national and local government) entities, and private entities (including individuals and businesses). We describe the mechanisms of stakeholders’ influence on spatial planning and the effects of this influence on the development of space. We found that the actual spatial planning mechanisms in Poland are aberrational from the perspective of public management. The ubiquity of these aberrations (in diverse municipalities) allows us to rule out the most obvious types of causes, particularly the incompetence or corruption of local authorities or administrative apparatus. Therefore, it is postulated that the causes of the aberrations are structural and inherent to the legal system that impacts spatial planning both directly and indirectly. We propose solutions to improve the situation through the appropriate management of relations with stakeholders in processes implemented by a public entity. The article presents a model of such management. A change in the legal context – above all an amendment of the law regulating spatial planning procedures – provides an opportunity to balance the impact of various stakeholders on spatial planning arrangements.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2022, 56, 4; 41-62
0459-9586
2449-8513
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovation in Public Sector Management Control Systems in the Context of New Public Management: A Case of an Australian Public Sector Organization
Autorzy:
Chowdhury, Anup
Shil, Nikhil Chandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/475020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę Cognitione
Tematy:
innovation
management control systems
New Public Management
public sector organization
structuration theory
innowacje
systemy kontroli zarządzania
Nowe Zarządzanie Publiczne
organizacja sektora publicznego
teoria strukturacji
Opis:
This study is about the exploration of innovative management control systems in the context of New Public Management (NPM) initiatives. NPM initiatives created the changes to the structure and processes of public sector organizations with the objective of getting them to run better. A government department in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) has been selected as the field for investigation. This study draws on a single theoretical perspective, Giddens’s structuration theory to understand the management control systems evolved in the researched organization. Qualitative research methodology is applied to obtain a better understanding of the phenomena. Case-based research method is used in developing a complete understanding of the relative role of controls in the management of organizational performance. In this study, it is argued that the researched organization has adopted various management control tools to improve its performance and demonstrate transparency and accountability. Some of the control tools it has adopted are the innovations in the public sector. It appears from the case that these adopted management control tools forced the researched organization towards better performance supporting the rationale of adopting New Public Management practices.
Źródło:
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation; 2016, 12, 4; 99-125
2299-7075
2299-7326
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public management – the essence and selected concepts
Zarządzanie publiczne – istota i wybrane koncepcje
Autorzy:
Wakuła, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29551924.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
zarządzanie publiczne
zarządzanie
współrządzenie
management
governance
public management
Opis:
The paper is an attempt to characterise the most significant concepts of public management. The starting point for the considerations is definition of the term "public management". Next, the author presents directions of the evolution of changes that have been taking place in public sector management. The last part of the paper outlines the assumptions of two modern concepts of public management, i.e., New Public Management and Public Governance.
W artykule podjęto próbę scharakteryzowania najważniejszych koncepcji zarządzania publicznego. Punktem wyjścia dla rozważań było określenie znaczenia terminu zarządzanie publiczne. Następnie przedstawiono kierunki ewolucji zmian w zarządzaniu sektorem publicznym. W ostatniej części artykułu przedstawiono założenia dwóch współczesnych koncepcji zarządzania publicznego jakim jest New Public Management i Public Governance.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2021, 53, 1(199); 155-163
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Survey of society expectations towards sustainable 4P in the new public management perspective
Autorzy:
Trojanowski, Tomasz
Kazibudzki, Paweł Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
sustainable development
new public management
pro-social management
zrównoważony rozwój
Nowe zarządzanie publiczne
zarządzanie prospołeczne
Opis:
Purpose: The purpose of the article is to draw attention to the important problem of taking into account the expectations of buyers of products to the activities of manufacturing companies in the area of marketing mix to a more sustainable, as a way of modern social management. Design/methodology/approach: The article has a theoretical and empirical character. The theoretical part of the study was prepared on the basis of a review of the literature concerning the subject, while the research part of the work is the result of own survey conducted among the inhabitants of the Silesian province. The research was based on the survey method with the use of distributed questionnaires, also commonly known as street surveys. The tool used to obtain data was a survey questionnaire containing a structured set of open and closed questions. Findings: In the course of the research study it was determined that there should be a modification of the marketing mix elements in terms of environmental and social, by means of which production, trade and service enterprises directly affect consumers. Customers' decision to purchase a product is increasingly dependent on the company's active involvement in pro-environmental and pro-social activities. Research limitations/implications: The research results obtained are not representative in the statistical sense, although they are an interesting approach to the problem and undoubtedly have a cognitive character in the area in question. Practical implications: Business activities of enterprises should focus not only on achieving financial goals or expanding market shares, but should also take into account environmental and social objectives. Middle and high-level managers are expected to change the way of managing the organization into a more pro-environmental and pro-social one, which in turn will contribute to changing the perception of the enterprise itself among consumers, as a sustainable organization. Social implications: Considerations contained in the article indicate the need to change the behavior and attitudes of buyers to a more responsible in terms of environmental protection and other market participants. The article draws attention to the need to make conscious purchase choices, which in turn should contribute to improving the condition of the environment and the life’s quality of societies. Originality/value: As a result of the conducted research study, a theoretical-cognitive gap was identified. It was also found that there is a scarcity of qualitative and quantitative research in the area of the undertaken topic. Therefore, there is a need for further examinations, which should be characterized by intensity and depth in both theoretical and empirical layers. The article is addressed to managers of manufacturing companies, as well as service companies who want to conduct business in accordance with the concept of sustainable development.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 157; 589--608
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concept Of New Public Management And Local Government Reforms In Selected Western European Countries
Autorzy:
Rajca, Lucyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/414433.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Instytut Ameryk i Europy. Centrum Europejskich Studiów Regionalnych i Lokalnych (EUROREG)
Tematy:
NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
PUBLIC SERVICES
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
MARKETISATION
EUROPE
Opis:
The reforms driven by New Public Management (NPM) led to the introduction of management principles in local governments, marketisation and outsourcing. They made the greatest impact in the United Kingdom, but were also put in place in other European countries such as Ireland, Sweden, Germany, and – to the least degree – in France (compared to other countries discussed in this paper). There is a risk that NPM-inspired reforms may come to lose sight of the underlying social purpose of public services. NPM has not however become a new, universal model for public sector management. Issues tackled in the debate concerning the reform of public services have moved (mostly in the UK) beyond the concerns of NPM towards the emerging concept of networked community governance.
Źródło:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne; 2010, numer specjalny / special issue; 124-139
1509-4995
Pojawia się w:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of public management on the effectiveness of public finances at the local level
Autorzy:
Sierak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/399188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
public management
local finance
local government
zarządzanie publiczne
finanse lokalne
samorząd
Opis:
The main purpose of the paper is to show the relations between the management method practiced by the public authorities and the efficiency of public finances carried out at the local level. The paper has been prepared on the basis of literature and copyright research on the effectiveness of financial management in Polish local government. A descriptive method and the results of economic and statistical analyses have been used in the work. Authorities applying the administrative management model are characterized by passivity and reluctance to use innovative methods of management. They apply a one-year financial planning cycle and perform cost analyses to a very limited extent. Local governments applying the strategic management model use modern and effective methods of financial planning in financial policy, also in the multi-annual arrangement, and constantly carry out financial analyses. The practice of public financial management at the local level shows the impact of public management on the effectiveness of financial policy and budgetary economy at the local level. The paper refers to the theory of public finance and efficiency of local public financial management. The conclusions of the paper can be applicable for the practice of finances of the local self-government.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Zarządzanie; 2015, 7, 3; 25-34
2080-9646
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-Fertilisation Between EU Green Policies and Instruments Applied by Public Management: Dilemmas and Opportunities
Autorzy:
Stacenko, Sergejs
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53663838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-03-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Green Policies
Public Management
Cross-Fertilisation
Green Transformation
Opis:
This article aims to contribute to discussions held by the academic community that has extensively researched the EU’s green transition. The author underlines that a transdisciplinary approach involving legal, economic, and political tools provide a comprehensive cross-fertilisation methodology. The article observes implications related to EU green policies and public management instruments from two perspectives: the broadening of green transition to socio economic dimensions; and the role of government intervention in economic and green business development to illustrate examples of relevant practices in the EU. The author argues that such a methodological approach can help one to assess the actions and measures related to the green economic and business development trends that require societal support as well as the improvement of economic efficiency at the EU and national level. This contribution offers insights into the concept of green economic transitions and innovation as well as the impact of public services focused on societal change. The article concludes that a decision-making process that is based on a cross-fertilisation approach allows the implementation of green policies in national economies in the most effective manner and, in turn, provides welfare effects due to the enhancement of public administration services in their coordinated actions with entrepreneurial activities and business investments. On a wider regional scale, government/private business green partnership represents a tool that inevitably helps increase the environmental and green competitiveness of the EU and its Member States.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 1; 71-86
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of public management in elimination regional disparities
Rola zarządzania publicznego w eliminacji nierówności regionalnych
Autorzy:
Mustafin, Askar Nailevich
Shlyakhtin, Alexander Evgenyevich
Kotulič, Rastislav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/405371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
regional disproportions
regional development
public management
regional gross domestic product
RGDP
sustainable development
dysproporcje regionalne
rozwój regionalny
zarządzanie publiczne
regionalny produkt krajowy brutto
rozwój zrównoważony
Opis:
The purpose of the work is to identify the causes and estimate regional disproportions using the method based on the use of the ratio of the dynamics of the indicator of Gross regional product per capita of the regions and the average for the districts in which they are included. Based on the application of this method, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) the availability of natural resources from the regions is not a key factor in eliminating regional disparities; 2) financial support from the federal government of some regions led to the formation of a regional dependency on it.
Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie przyczyn i oszacowanie dysproporcji regionalnych przy użyciu metody opartej na wykorzystaniu wskaźnika dynamiki, wskaźnika produktu regionalnego brutto na mieszkańca regionów i średniej dla obszarów, w których są one uwzględnione. Na podstawie zastosowania tej metody otrzymano następujące wnioski: 1) dostępność zasobów naturalnych z regionów nie jest kluczowym czynnikiem w eliminowaniu dysproporcji regionalnych; 2) wsparcie finansowe rządu federalnego niektórych regionów doprowadziło do powstania zależności regionów od rządu.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2019, 19, 1; 260-270
2081-7452
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Management Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical Understanding of Lustration as a Mechanism of Personnel Policy in the Field of Public Management
Autorzy:
Revko, Ihor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
lustration
conception of lustration
problems of defining of lustration
Opis:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of defining the term “lustration” as a mechanism of personnel policy in the field of public administration. The main approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “lustration” through the prism of historical development are studied. Emphasis is placed on the understanding of lustration in ancient times and how the meaning of this term was transformed under the influence of the evolutionary development of public administration. Modern scientific approaches to the definition of lustration, its place in public administration are analyzed, its characteristic features are singled out. The author studies the scientific approaches of both foreign and Ukrainian scholars to the interpretation of the lustration, singled out the main common and distinctive features between them. It is established that the current approaches to understanding of lustration are based on three concepts. Based on the analyzed material, the author formulates his own definition of lustration as a mechanism of personnel policy in the field of public administration. The author concluded that the correct definition of lustration will help reduce differences in its application in the practice of public administration and will form a reliable mechanism for the lustration. It is determined that the legislation requires a modern understanding of the term “lustration” with the peculiarities of its implementation in a particular state.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2021, 2(30); 141-151
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Participatory budget in metropolies as instrument of direct democracy in public management: experience of Poland and Ukraine
Autorzy:
Kudłacz, Michał
Zhebchuk, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
participatory budget
public management
civil society
local authorities
city development policy
Opis:
Objectives: In the article a comparative research of the participatory budgeting systems at the local level in Poland and Ukraine was carried out. Research Design & Methods: The objects of the study were ten cities of the specified states (five from each country). In the case studies, systemic analysis of legislations of Poland and Ukraine in public finance sphere connected with participatory budgeting were used as well as quantitative analyses of budget resources directed at supporting participatory budget. Using this approach gave us the opportunity for complex research of participatory budgeting mechanism in both countries. Findings: As a result of the research, the peculiarities (differences) of the practice of using participatory budgets as tools of direct democracy at the Ukrainian and Polish cities’ level were specified. On this basis, the authors outlined obstacles for the efficient use of participatory budgets based on the experience of the two countries, formulated guidelines and standards in compliance with which it would be possible to implement quality participatory budgeting into practices of the cities’ public administration. Implications / Recommendations: This article indicates the need to conduct analyzes of participatory budgets to draw conclusions and effectively use this tool in the future. Contribution / Value Added: This research builds knowledge about participatory budgeting by analysing the use of this instrument of direct democracy in two different countries (Poland and Ukraine), which are at different level of EU integration an may help effectively plan and implement participatory budgeting in different national contexts.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2019, 3(49); 63-76
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies