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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    State of health, fatigue, psychophysical, and psychological characteristics, and their influence on road traffic safety. An evaluation attempt
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046781.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-09-20
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    road traffic safety
    road safety rules
    psychological characteristics
    road rage
    Opis:
    In analysing the causes of the dangers posed in road traffic, which often end up in accidents or other road incidents, we focus on evidence of violated road safety rules. This is an oversimplification of the problem, since it does not allow for getting to know the determinants of indicated violations which often come down to the broadly assessed state of health of road users, their psychophysical characteristics and personality, as well as their fatigue and mental state. The author of this paper not only analyses the aforesaid problems from the legal point of view, but also tries to look at them in an interdisciplinary way. The author further demonstrates how little we know about it; hence without in-depth exploration of the subject, preceded by credible scientific research, it will be extremely difficult to take reasonable preventive measures, whilst deterring with severe sanctions simply does not work.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2021, 5, 1; 117-127
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The pandemic from the criminal-law perspective. Selected issues.
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991103.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-04
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    cause a public hazard
    cause damage
    disaster
    epidemiological hazard
    intentional fault
    unintentional fault
    the concept of extended culpability
    pandemic
    consequence
    Opis:
    The recent pandemic, which is affecting virtually all the countries in the world, has posed a range of formidable challenges for public authorities. One of these has involved developing legal procedures to protect the lives and health of citizens, as well as to maintain a functional State apparatus and economy. It was necessary, however, that the regulations adopted to that end did not undermine core principles, even in emergency and dangerous situations. They were meant to safeguard core democratic values, while also setting certain limitations. It was imperative that the legislation be passed in accordance with constitutional rules. And this particularly involved legal sanctions, which are the focus of this paper. The paper examines Polish Penal Code provisions in terms of their alignment with the current pandemic situation. Consideration is given to whether they require improvements, and, if so, what could be improved.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2020, 3, 1; 131-139
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Vehicle technical malfunctions and their impact on traffic safety
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991234.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-02
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    safety rules
    active safety
    passive safety
    wilful misconduct
    wilful negligence
    joint liability
    causal relationship
    Opis:
    Traffic safety is closely interrelated to the technical condition of vehicles participating in road transport. The said condition should be understood comprehensively, not only in terms of technical fitness, equipment, loading methods, and safe passenger transport, but also from the perspective of passive safety aimed at minimising the impact of accidents. Unfortunately, the issues of providing passive safety, and its deficiencies, are often neglected, yet it is also crucial to penal liability. It is certain that the deficiencies identified are part of cause-and-effect relationships which are very often difficult to define in a straightforward way.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2019, 2, 2; 51-59
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assistance devices and autonomous vehicles, or the fourth industrial revolution in the automotive industry. Reflections on criminal liability
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1987370.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-02-07
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    driver
    autonomous vehicles
    safety rules
    predictability
    the issue of fault
    Opis:
    The fourth technical revolution has undoubtedly become a fact. It has affected, and that to a large extent, the automotive industry. Motor vehicles provided with driver-assistance systems have appeared, such as those warning of obstacles, maintaining a safe distance from preceding vehicles, informing of a blind spot, or autonomously automatically adjusting speed, slowing down, following navigation, etc., the role of the driver only being to indicate the destination. However, should the driver have full confidence in those systems, and allow for the mistakes they make, and what impact will this have on their possible criminal liability? These are the issues raised in the publication, which at the same time points out that the legal systems are absolutely not adapted to modern technologies, artificial intelligence, or the assessment of so-called robot drivers.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2021, 6, 2; 103-110
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cybersecurity and its Capabilities in the Sphere of Preventing Road Traffic Threats. On Anger, Aggression and Road Rage
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342002.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-05-09
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    security rules
    accidents and other road incidents
    hazard
    preventive measures
    Opis:
    From a very generalised perspective, it can be said that humans are the weakest link regarding road traffic safety. Researchers have focused on their health status, physical, mental and psychological characteristics, gender and age, etc. They have been exploring the question of whether there are persons who are particularly predisposed to becoming the perpetrators or victims of accidents or catastrophes, posing a direct risk of accidents and catastrophes, or causing road traffic hazards. This paper is focused on the issues related to aggression and anger that drivers experience and so-called road rage. The author identifies and analyses the factors determining such conduct, discussing its causes and behaviour prior to such incidents and considering external conditions. Emphasis is placed on the fact that anger, aggression and rage are often followed by a hazard, resulting in an accident or other road incidents mentioned above. Attempts are made to point to yet unexplored spheres of possibly identifying symptoms that indicate aggression or rage, which have been a neglected issue so far and which could be significant for taking anticipative and preventive measures without risk of penalty. The author asserts that the analysis of criminal cases and the evidence collected in the course of such procedures, including tachograph records, event data recorders, video recordings and surveillance cameras, may constitute materials used by an interdisciplinary team of experts to create an algorithm that allows preventive measures to be undertaken before outbursts of aggression, rage and violence take place. Undoubtedly, it is a cybersecurity-related task, which, by no means, may be associated with an excessive surveillance of behaviour on the roads
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2024, 11, 1; 248-257
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiana polityki karania w nowelizacji kodeksu karnego z 7 lipca 2022 roku. Uwagi krytyczne
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13949700.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-02-20
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    principles of punishment
    specific and general prevention
    minor and juvenile
    perpetrators
    Opis:
    Law making is akin to solving criminal puzzles. To paraphrase A. Loeb, the legislator must follow the evidence. The evidence includes empirical data, scientific research and especially the achievements of researchers. Following the above requires humility, which frees one from biases that can affect one’s observations and conclusions. Creating norms of penal law consists most of all of a systemic approach, so that this system is consistent and, most importantly, only at the end of proceedings punishes with an individual approach the offender whose guilt has been proven with all the guarantees afforded to the parties in the proceedings of a fair trial. Analysing the changes in the enacted amendment, the author focused on minor and juvenile offenders who also committed crimes, i.e. traffic accidents and, less frequently, traffic disasters or causing the immediate danger thereof. They were often an effect of extremely risky behaviour, aggression and even road rage. Should these perpetrators be punished for the consequences of these acts with all the tightened severity, as enacted by Parliament? A critical assessment of the change in punishment philosophy deserves consideration.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2023, 9, 1; 287-297
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zakazy dowodowe, tajemnice zawodowe i inne oraz próby ich omijania podczas czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych i procesowych
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342017.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-05-20
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    dowody
    świadkowie
    tajemnice zawodowe
    Opis:
    Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy trudnej i kontrowersyjnej problematyki pozyskiwania dowodów podczas czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych w kontekście procesowo określonych zakazów dowodowych, w tym tajemnicy obrończej, spowiedzi, mediatora, dziennikarza, biegłego i lekarza, a także sięgania po tajemnice zawodowe, w tym adwokacką, radcy prawnego, notariusza, doradcy podatkowego, lekarza, psychologa, statystycznej, pozyskiwania dokumentów zawierających tajemnice oraz oceny tego rodzaju czynności zarówno z punktu widzenia gwarancji konstytucyjnych, jak i określonych przyzwoleń procesowych. Autor podkreśla konieczność kompleksowej potrzeby zmian przepisów wyłączających możliwość stosowania koncepcji dowodów pośrednio nielegalnych. Powyższe zostało oparte na analizie orzecznictwa sądowego, poglądach doktryny oraz własnych badaniach autora, który postuluje, żeby wskazany wyżej dorobek został uwzględniony przez ustawodawcę, który pracuje nad zmianą obowiązującego prawa oraz przywracaniem praworządności.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2024, 12, 2; 246-259
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Korzystanie przez biegłego podczas sporządzania opinii z oprogramowania, do którego nie posiada licencji. Glosa od wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Łodzi z 1 marca 2022 roku, II AKa 340/21
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, Kazimierz J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20311605.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    expert witness
    opinion deficiencies
    the rule of impartiality and objectivity
    incomplete opinion
    unclear opinion
    conflicting opinions
    computer-assisted preparation
    of opinions
    judicial evaluation of opinions
    Opis:
    Scientific and technological progress and the development of computer and cybersecurity science provide substantial evidence-collection possibilities in criminal proceedings. Law-enforcement authorities, courts, trial participants and expert witnesses should be aware of such possibilities. Expert witnesses should be required to provide information on whether given computer software used by a given expert witness as support for the preparation of opinions is covered by a licence and whether the software has been approved by the manufacturer, as the use of unapproved software might generate errors. The expert witness’s use of fake software disqualifies a given opinion, as has been proven in this gloss.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2023, 10, 2; 398-404
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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