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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Architectural design contest with social participation as a part of building culture in Europe
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/627995.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    architecture
    building culture
    bakultur
    architectural design contest
    architectural competition
    social participation
    public procurement
    Opis:
    Thesis. The culture of organising architectural competitions has a long tradition in Europe. The architectural desgin contest is used as a democratic tool for selecting the best design solution. In today’s European building culture there is a constantly growing need for the social input into the  design process. In effect, architectural competitions are facing changes. On the one hand, an architectural design contest needs to fulfill the EU’s legal frames. On the other hand, the traditional forms of competions are questioned by society, that is searching for a more transprent selection process. Methods. The study shows the concept of the building culture (Baukultur) as an ideological background of all the building activity in Europe. It describes the role of an architectural competition as an instrument for the high quality development. The author shows current legal frameworks for the design contests included in the EU directives and presents different competition practices in Europe with a focus on Poland. Results. There are not many examples of architectural competitions that anticipate the social input. It is an effect of not adjusted procurement law. Nevertheless, some exceptions have already been made. Conclusions. The main difficulty in architectural design contest with social participation is the need of maintaining the legal framework  based on the anonymity of the participant. The social input in the case hampers the preservation of this condition, hence various attempts to modify the existing, traditional formulas.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2018, 9, 2; 195-200
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    QUALITY OF ARCHITECUTRE AND PUBLIC SPACES AS A RESULT OF COUNTRY’S PUBLIC PROCUREMENT CULTURE
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628397.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    architecture
    building culture
    baukultur
    architectural design contest
    architectural competition
    competition practices
    public porcurement
    procurement of design services
    Opis:
    Thesis. The quality of emerging public spaces and buildings is related to the public procurement culture of a given country. One can not count on achieving high quality public space, architecture without a democratic debate on the subject. The space, which is decided only by a small group of technocrats, the project, which is subject to only the price criterion, results in accidental solutions. Methods. The article shows the basic methods provided for by law to select public projects. Indicates the advantages and disadvantages of individual processes. It analyzes examples of appreciated realizations that arose as a result of architectural competitions. Results. Tools provided in the public procurement law, such as social debate in the form of architectural competitions build a better quality of the created space. The existence of such a link is proven by the awards granted to spaces completed under such processes. Conclusions. Projects created using these tools account for less than 1% of all public procurement in Poland. One should strive for a change that would promote these processes, especially outside large cities, thus increasing the quality of spaces created from public money.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2019, 10, 2; 103-108
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of plunger motion profile of high pressure die casting on the casting porosity and solidification rate
    Autorzy:
    Żak, Katarzyna
    Dańko, Rafał
    Żak, Paweł L.
    Kowalczyk, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311424.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    high-pressure die casting
    computer simulation
    cooling rate
    numerical methods
    aluminium alloy
    odlewanie pod wysokim ciśnieniem
    symulacja komputerowa
    tempo schładzania
    metody numeryczne
    stop aluminium
    Opis:
    The high pressure die casting (HPDC) is a technique that allows us to produce parts for various sectors of industry. It has a great application in such sectors as automotive, energy, medicine, as the HPDC allows us to produce parts very fast and very cheaply. The HPDC casting quality depends on many parameters. The parameters among others, are cast alloy alloy metallurgy, filling system design, casting technology elements geometry and orientation, as well as, machine operation settings. In the article, different plunger motion schemes of the HPDC machine were taken into account. Analyses lead to learning about plunger motion influence on the casting porosity and solidification process run. Numerical experiments were run with the use of MAGMASoft® simulation software. Experiments were performed for industrial casting of water pump for automotive. Main parameter taken into account was maximal velocity of the plunger in the second phase. The analysis covered porosity distribution, feeding time through the gate, temperature field during whole process, solidification time. Cooling curves of the casting in chosen points were also analysed. Obtained results allow us to formulate conclusions that connect plunger motion scheme, gate solidification time and the casting wall thickness on the solidification rate and porosity of the casting.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2023, 71, 5; art. no. e147339
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sacral Architecture in Finland and its Community Forming Role
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech
    Lewandowska, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18105066.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-27
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    Finland
    sacral architecture
    church
    education
    community
    Opis:
    Aim. The subject of this article is the role of the Finnish Church institution and its influence on shaping the local community. The article presents the possibilities of using and shaping the interiors of temples, depending on the period in which they were created and the function they were to perform. Methods. The authors of the article present the role of Church institution in Finland from the Middle Ages to the present day. The historical educational role of the church and its contemporary community-building function will be outlined. The authors will also present how these assumptions translate into shaping its architecture. Results and conclusion. Despite the considerable secularization of society, the Protestant church in Finland still plays a central role in the local community. The church, with its dominant and educational role in the past, became a companion of the inhabitants, providing them with spaces adapted to their needs, regardless of their age or religion. Once limited, single-space forms of temples, today with an extensive program function as local cultural centers and meeting places adapted to the needs of their users.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2022, 13, 2; 587-600
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New forms of rental dwelling in contemporary Poland
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech
    Lewandowska, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878492.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-09-25
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    architecture
    co-living
    co-housing
    shared dwelling
    rental dwelling
    Opis:
    Aim. The subject of the article are types of rental dwelling in contemporary Poland. The aim of this paper is to present the forms of contemporary living in terms of age groups, way of study or work and financing possibilities of Poles compared to other countries in the world. Methods. The authors of the article present selected new forms of rental dwelling in Poland in context of changes after the collapse of communist system in 1989. The article discusses the present situation of Polish real estate market basing on European statistics. It indicates the problem of limited availability of housing and presents solutions implemented by the government and the private sector market. Results and Conclusion. Poland is one of the European countries with the highest rate of people living in overcrowded apartments or houses. The solutions introduced by the state in order to increase the availability of housing and allowing the alternative to buying a flat, encounter difficulties with spatial planning regulations. In the absence of sufficient support of the government private sector market see its chance for profit in constructing and renting apartments. Cognitive value. The article describes the phenomenon of a growing private rental, that could be a shift in dwelling characteristic of Poles and influence the housing market. It presents new forms of developments, showing the background of their creation.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2021, 12, 2; 445-454
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    TECHNIQUES OF VISUAL COMMUNIACTION IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech
    Lewandowska, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628122.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    architecture
    visual communication
    architectural presentation
    visualizations
    architectural model
    decision-making
    Opis:
    Aim. The subject of the article are methods and techniques of architectural presentation to a diverse audience. The methods of architectural presentation as a key element in the dialogue with the future user of the designed space or building allow to present to the recipient the newly designed space to be created.Methods. The authors of the article present selected techniques of architectural presentation. The described ways of presenting the project were divided into material and virtual. The article discusses the most commonly used methods of architectural presentation such as: diagrams, visualization, physical model, virtual model, video, collage, analyzing their usefulness in terms of reliable communication in order to inform future users about planned changes. The authors describe in detail the use of architectural models as a technique used to present the project to both professional and non-professional recipients. The article discusses the pros and cons of each method.Results and Conclusion. The right choice of presentation method for the addressee allows for a better understanding of the presented idea and, as a result, for more informed choices made by the society, e.g. during public consultations, or by professional decision-making bodies in matters of public space and new architectural objects. The variety of methods of imaging the project vision available today has its individual features that favor or negatively affect the reception of works, by falsifying reality or its partial message.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2020, 11, 2; 376-383
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metal-induced asthma and chest X-ray changes in welders
    Autorzy:
    Wittczak, Tomasz
    Dudek, Wojciech
    Walusiak-Skorupa, Jolanta
    Świerczyńska-Machura, Dominika
    Cader, Wojciech
    Kowalczyk, Monika
    Pałczyński, Cezary
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180086.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    welders
    metals
    occupational asthma
    chest X-ray changes
    Opis:
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the coexisting factors and usefulness of diagnostic methods in metal-induced asthma in Polish welders. Materials and Methods: Examination of 50 welders occupationally exposed to metals and with suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group A), 100 welders occupationally exposed to metals but without suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group B), and two control groups (10 patients with atopic asthma and 10 healthy subjects) was carried out. Questionnaire survey, clinical examination, skin prick tests to common aeroallergens and metal salts, rest spirometry tests, X-ray, metacholine challenge and a single-blind, placebo controlled specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (or work-like conditions challenge tests) were performed. Results: In group A – in 9 cases we obtained positive results of specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (in 3 cases with nickel, in 4 cases with chromium, in 1 case with cobalt and in 1 case with manganese). Nine cases of metal-induced occupational asthma were recognized. In group B – only in one case we obtained positive results of work-like conditions challenge test (clinical and spirometry changes, eosinophil influx in induced sputum), which confirmed the diagnosis of occupational asthma. In most of examined welders (62%), pulmonary changes in chest X-ray images were noted. The statistical analysis revealed that working as a welder for more than 10 years is the coexisting factor of presence of chest X-ray changes (p- or q-type nodular changes or interstitial changes). Positive results of skin prick tests with metal salts were the coexisting factors of occupational asthma due to metals among examined group of welders. Conclusions: Specific inhalation challenge plays the key role in diagnostics of metal-induced asthma in welders. Pulmonary changes in chest X-ray were found in a significant percentage of examined welders.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2012, 25, 3; 242-250
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Early detection of phosphorus deficiency stress in cucumber at the cellular level using chlorophyll fluorescence signals
    Autorzy:
    Sieczko, Leszek
    Dąbrowski, Piotr
    Kowalczyk, Katarzyna
    Gajc-Wolska, Janina
    Borucki, Wojciech
    Janaszek-Mańkowska, Monika
    Kowalczyk, Waldemar
    Farci, Domenica
    Kalaji, Hazem M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203572.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    abiotic stress
    chlorophyll fluorescence
    cucumber
    JIP test
    multidimensional statistical analysis
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    Abiotic stressors contribute to growth restriction and developmental disorders in plants. Early detection of the first signs of changes in plant functioning is very important. The objective of this study was to identify chlorophyll fluorescence parameters that change under phosphorus deficiency stress in cucumber. In this work, a trail to study the early changes caused by phosphorus deficiency in cucumber plants by analysing their photosynthetic performance is presented. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence (ChF) parameters were measured every 7 days for a period of 28 days. Measurements were made separately on young and old leaves and on cucumber fruit. Parameters that decreased during the stress were: p2G, PI abs, PI total, REo/CSo, and TRo/CSo. P deficiency decreased total electron carriers per RC (ECo/RC), yields (TRo/ABS (Fv/Fm), ETo/TRo, REo/ETo, ETo/ABS and REo/ABS), fluxes (REo/RC and REo/CSo) and fractional reduction of PSI end electron acceptors, and damaged all photochemical and non-photochemical redox reactions. Principal component analysis revealed a group of ChF parameters that may indicate early phosphorus deficiency in cucumber plants. Our results are used in the discovery of sensitive bioindicators of phosphorus deficiency in cucumber plants. Most JIP test parameters are linked to mathematical equations, so we recommend using of advanced statistical tools, such as principal component analysis, which should be considered very useful for stress identification. It has also been shown to be more effective in multivariate methods compared to univariate statistical methods was demonstrated.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, Special Issue; 176--186
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modular Test Stand for Fatigue Testing of Aeronautical Structures - Verification of Assumptions
    Autorzy:
    Leski, Andrzej
    Wronicz, Wojciech
    Kowalczyk, Piotr
    Szmidt, Michał
    Klewicki, Robert
    Włodarczyk, Karol
    Uliński, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    fatigue
    test
    airframe
    veryfication
    strain gauge
    DIC
    Opis:
    The Modular Test Stand was developed and manufactured to decrease the cost of fatigue testing and reduce the time of its completion as well as to enable testing specimens under more complex load conditions. The stand consists of three connected sections, similar to a wing box, all being loaded in the same way. Thanks to that, several specimens can be tested simultaneously. This configuration requires that stress and strain distribution should be reasonably uniform, as assumed in the design stage. The structure can be loaded with bending or torsion. A whole section, selected structural node or a specimen mounted in the structure as well as a repair or a sensor can be a test object. Two stands, one for bending and one for torsion were prepared. This paper presents the verification of the assumed strain and stress distributions on the skin panels. The measurements were performed with the use of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) as well as strain gauges. DIC measurements were performed on one skin panel of the central section. Five strain gauge rosettes were installed on both panels of the one section. In addition, one rosette was applied to one skin panel in each of two other sections. Measurements were performed on the stand for torsion as well as on the stand for bending. The results of DIC analysis and strain gauge measurement during torsion show uniform shearing strain distributions on the panels. During bending, on the tensioned side, the strains obtained indicate quite uniform strain distributions. On the compressed side, local buckling of the skin panels results in high strain gradients. Strain levels obtained with the use of a DIC analysis and strain gauge measurements were similar. Moreover, horizontal displacements of markers in the spar axis during bending was determined based on a series of photographic. The deflection line obtained in this way has a shape similar to arc, which is characteristic of the constant bending moment. The stand was tested with torsional and bending loads in order to verify the design assumptions. The results of strain distributions on the skin panels with the use of DIC and strain gauges as well as the deflection line of the spar axis indicate that the Modular Test Stand performs as assumed and can be used for tests.
    Źródło:
    Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2020, 12; 78--91
    2081-7738
    2300-7591
    Pojawia się w:
    Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graphene on quartz modified with rhenium oxide as a semitransparent electrode for organic electronics
    Autorzy:
    Krukowski, Paweł
    Piskorski, Michał
    Udovytska, Ruslana
    Kowalczyk, Dorota A.
    Lutsyk, Iaroslav
    Rogala, Maciej
    Dąbrowski, Paweł
    Kozłowski, Witold
    Łuszczyńska, Beata
    Jung, Jarosław
    Ulański, Jacek
    Matuszek, Krzysztof
    Nadolska, Aleksandra
    Przybysz, Przemysław
    Ryś, Wojciech
    Toczek, Klaudia
    Dunal, Rafał
    Krempiński, Patryk
    Czerwińska, Justyna
    Ster, Maxime Le
    Skulimowski, Marcin
    Kowalczyk, Paweł J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174856.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
    Tematy:
    graphene
    rhenium oxide
    anode
    organic light-emitting diode
    Opis:
    The presented research shows that commercially available graphene on quartz modified with rhenium oxide meets the requirements for its use as a conductive and transparent anode in optoelectronic devices. The cluster growth of rhenium oxide enables an increase in the work function of graphene by 1.3 eV up to 5.2 eV, which guarantees an appropriate adjustment to the energy levels of organic semiconductors used in organic light-emitting diode devices.
    Źródło:
    Opto-Electronics Review; 2022, 30, 4; art. no. e141953
    1230-3402
    Pojawia się w:
    Opto-Electronics Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling of partial capability states and estimation of the level of operational readiness for integrated avionics systems
    Autorzy:
    Paterek, Wojciech
    Szelmanowski, Andrzej
    Kowalczyk, Grzegorz
    Pazur, Andrzej
    Franczuk, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    communications
    avionics systems
    operational readiness
    level readiness
    military
    modelling
    łączność
    systemy awioniki
    gotowość operacyjna
    poziom gotowości
    wojsko
    modelowanie
    Opis:
    Maintaining continuity of use is extremely important in the modern world and in particular in the armed forces. Analysis of the system exploitation course allows obtaining information about the time in which the system was in a state of total or partial capability or in a state of inability to use. Based on information about the amount of time spent in a given state, user of the system or device can plan the operation of the device in the context of the future. On the basis of operating data, operational readiness can also be calculated, which information can be found in the article. The fallowing paper presents the possibilities and conditions of forming operating readiness for full and partial capability states of a ZSŁ (Integrated Communications Systems) with its selected components current serviced at AFIT (Air Force Institute of Technology). A probabilistic approach to the analysis of the issues associated with the determination and prediction of reliability and capability of integrated communications systems was discussed, with the use of the theory of operating states and Markov chains. The assumptions to the adopted method of modelling operating states for electronically integrated ZSŁ type communications systems were presented. Conditions for the determination of operational readiness and the possibility of forming it on the basis of an IT system were presented based on the obtained results of analytical studies. The article also presents the test stand for the integrated communication system. Information on capability of individual system components is also included, an example is based on the SK1 communication server. It's presented graph of transitions between it's individual partial capability states. The server can be in five operating states. By modelling individual components of the system in this way, you can estimate how the system will behave during operation. At the end of the article there is information about the actual and estimated operational readiness of the system.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2020, 55, 3; 27-39
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microbial properties of soil fertilized by sewage sludge and cultivated with energy crops
    Właściwości mikrobiologiczne gleby nawożonej osadem ściekowym spod uprawy roślin energetycznych
    Autorzy:
    Górska, Ewa Beata
    Stępień, Wojciech
    Olejniczak, Izabella
    Pietkiewicz, Stefan
    Halaji, Hazem M.
    Kowalczyk, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470813.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    nawozy organiczne
    miskant
    mikroorganizmy
    ślazowiec pensylwański
    wierzba
    organic fertilizer
    Miscanthus
    microorganisms
    Virginia mallow
    Common osier willow
    Opis:
    Właściwości mikrobiologiczne gleby z dodatkiem osadu ściekowego, na której uprawiane są rośliny energetyczne, są mało poznane. Celem naszych badań była ocena wpływu nawożenia osadami ściekowymi na wybrane grupy fizjologiczne mikroorganizmów w glebie na której uprawiano następujące rośliny: miskant (miskant olbrzymi Greef et Ger), ślazowiec pensylwański (ślazowiec pensylwański (L.) Rusby) oraz wierzba (Alix viminalis L.). Osady ściekowe stosowano w dwóch dawkach 10 i 20 t / ha suchej masy (DW). W glebie oznaczono ogólną liczebność bakterii grupy coli, przetrwalnikujących bakterii redukujących siarczany, Proteus sp., saprofitycznych, termofilnych i tlenowych bakterii tworzących formy przetrwalnikowe. W zależności od dawki osad ściekowy zwiększył liczebność bakterii grupy coli i endosporowych bakterii redukujących siarczany i stymulował wzrost bakterii saprofitycznych i termofilnych. Uprawa miskanta ograniczyła liczbę bakterii z grupy coli natomiast ślazowca pensylwańskiego i miskanta zmniejszyła liczbę bakterii przetrwalnikujących i redukujących siarczany. Wierzba stymulowała wzrost bakterii saprofitycznych w glebie a ślazowiec pensylwański liczbę bakterii przetrwalnikowych. Nasze wyniki wykazały, że aktywność mikrobiologiczna gleby wyrażona liczebnością wybranych grup bakterii, zależy nie tylko od stosowanej dawki osadu ściekowego, lecz również od uprawianej rośliny energetycznej.
    The microbial activity of soil enriched with sewage sludge and cultivated with energy crops, is little known. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sewage sludge fertilization on selected microorganisms in soil cultivated with the following crops: Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu), Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby) and Common Osier willow (Salix viminalis L.). Sewage sludge was used in two rates 10 and 20 t/ha dry weight (DW). The numbers of total coliforms bacteria, sulphate-reducing spore-forming bacteria, Proteus sp., saprophytic, thermophilic and aerobic spore-forming bacteria were examined. Sewage sludge increased the number of coliforms and sulphate-reducing spore-forming bacteria, and stimulated the growth of saprophytic and thermophilic bacteria. Cultivation of Miscanthus limited the number of coliforms bacteria, while Virginia mallow and Miscanthus reduced the number of sulphate- -reducing spore-forming bacteria. Common Osier willow stimulated the growth of saprophytic bacteria in the soil, while Virginia mallow the number of spore-forming bacteria. Our results revealed that microbial activity of soil expressed as the number of selected bacterial groups, depends not only on the applied rate of sewage sludge fertilizer, but also on the cultivated energy crop.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2016, 14, 3; 131-142
    1733-1218
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The research on effectiveness of the electronic and electrical waste selective collection system in Lublin city, Poland
    Badania skuteczności systemu selektywnej zbiórki odpadów elektronicznych i elektrycznych w mieście Lublin, Polska
    Autorzy:
    Marczuk, Andrzej
    Misztal, Wojciech
    Jóźwiakowski, Krzysztof
    Dach, Jacek
    Kowalczyk-Juśko, Alina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    waste management
    E-waste
    selective collection system
    gospodarowanie odpadami
    E-odpady
    system selektywnej zbiórki
    Opis:
    One of the consequences of the dynamic technological development is the rapidly increasing amount of electro-waste (WEEE, e-waste). Because there are no uniform legal regulations regarding the ways of collecting such waste, the separate-collection systems used in various areas are not homogeneous, and they usually also differ in effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the electro-waste collection system implemented in Lublin (the largest city in Eastern Poland). Taking into account the fact that the reliability of a collection system depends on the degree of its adaptation to the functions it performs, the evaluation consisted in determining how big a problem improper electro-waste segregation was. The article presents the results of a study of the causes of citizens’ failure to properly manage e-waste and indicates what measures should be taken to amend the problem. During two research steps, 347 pieces of e-waste with a total weight of 77.218 kg were found in the analyzed waste samples (0.33% of all samples). This means that the mechanisms of selective e-waste collection still do not work correctly, despite the ten years of Poland’s membership in the EU and implementation of European legislation in this area. The fact that residents throw away electric waste into municipal mixed waste containers poses a serious problem for proper waste management – even if only a part of the e-waste is disposed in this illegal way. This indicates the necessity of improving waste collection (more frequent waste reception, convenient access to e-waste containers, raising public awareness, etc.).
    Dynamiczny rozwój technologiczny niesie za sobą szereg następstw zarówno korzystnych, jak i negatywnych. Wśród tych ostatnich wyróżnia się stale rosnącą ilość odpadów w postaci zużytego sprzętu elektrycznego i elektronicznego, stanowiących zagrożenie zarówno dla środowiska przyrodniczego, jak również zdrowia i życia ludzi. Kraje wysoce rozwinięte wprowadziły efektywne systemy zarządzania tego rodzaju odpadami. Dla państw rozwijających się w dalszym ciągu stanowią one jednak istotny problem (funkcjonujące w nich systemy gospodarowania odpadami ukierunkowane są bowiem głównie na składowanie). Celem pracy było przeprowadzenie oceny skuteczności funkcjonowania systemu zbiórki elektroodpadów w Lublinie. Opracowanie zawiera wyniki przeprowadzonych badań, próbę znalezienia przyczyn niewłaściwego postępowania, a także wskazania, które stwarzają możliwość osiągnięcia poprawy. Podczas badań przeanalizowano 23,125 Mg odpadów komunalnych, w których zidentyfikowano 347 elektroodpadów o całkowitej masie 77,218 kg. Świadczy to o niedostatecznej skuteczności rozwiązań funkcjonujących na danym obszarze (obecność tego rodzaju odpadów w zmieszanej frakcji wskazuje również na ogólny problem z selektywną zbiórką). Wymaganym jest wobec tego usprawnienie całego systemu (ukierunkowane w głównej mierze na zwiększenie dostępności oraz poprawę świadomości społeczeństwa.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Environmental Protection; 2019, 45, 3; 55-63
    2083-4772
    2083-4810
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Environmental Protection
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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