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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    How norms are formed in a democracy
    Autorzy:
    Kaufmann, Jean-Claude
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-08-23
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    : individualization
    democracy
    norms
    freedom
    socialization
    Opis:
    The freedoms offered by individualistic-democratic societies are marked by an intrinsic ambiguity: they are both real and (partly) illusory. They are rooted in the universe of representation, which, by proclaiming them, manages to force reality, but without this reality ever attaining the purity of the proclaimed principles. By subtle perverse mechanisms, new limits to freedom are actually introduced on a massive scale, eventually leading to the apparent paradox of a normative production that is much more abundant than in the ancient societies. There is nothing surprising about that. The individual autonomy proper to democratic societies necessarily induces a social activity of producing various norms and regulations, infinitely more intense than in a society where institutions run their established program and construct individuals in accordance with them. Freedom, in individualist-democratic societies, is an illusion, but one which creates reality. The individual, less free than s/he imagines her/himself to be, is nevertheless in the
    Źródło:
    Society Register; 2022, 6, 3; 19-28
    2544-5502
    Pojawia się w:
    Society Register
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Masculinity Ideology and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Polish Men and Women
    Autorzy:
    Pietraszkiewicz, Agnieszka
    Kaufmann, Michèle C.
    Formanowicz, Magdalena M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    agency
    gender
    health
    masculinity
    subjective well-being
    Opis:
    Masculinity ideology is defined as a blend of cultural beliefs, types of behavior, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Previous studies have showed mixed effects of adherence to masculine ideology on men’s subjective well-being, indicating negative but also positive relationships. The present study focuses on agency, that is the core of stereotypic masculinity (Abele & Wojciszke, 2007), and its relationship to subjective well-being by analyzing data from a representative Polish sample of the European Social Survey (ESS). Participants were 1751 adults, aged 17 years and older (of whom 771 were men). A structural equation model was applied. The results demonstrated that agentic values (specifically valuing power and achievement) were good predictors of male and female subjective well-being. That is, the less men and women valued their own power and achievements, the lower their subjective well-being was. As expected, this association was stronger for men. Additionally, regardless of gender, we demonstrated that age was a negative predictor and that number of years of education a positive predictor of subjective well-being. This association was stronger for men.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 1; 79-86
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Further development of a commercial driving simulation for research in occupational medicine
    Autorzy:
    Muttray, Axel
    Breitinger, Anais
    Goetze, Elisabeth
    Schnupp, Thomas
    Geissler, Britta
    Kaufmann, Thomas
    Golz, Martin
    Letzel, Stephan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179069.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    driving simulator
    braking reaction time
    lane keeping behavior
    simulator sickness
    learning effect
    ethanol
    Opis:
    Objectives: The purpose of this study was to refine a commercial car driving simulation for occupational research. As the effects of ethanol on driving behavior are well established, we choose alcohol as a test compound to investigate the performance of subjects during simulation. Materials and Methods: We programmed a night driving scenario consisting of monotonous highway and a rural road on a Foerst F10-P driving simulator. Twenty healthy men, 19-30 years, participated in a pilot study. Subjects were screened for simulator sickness, followed by training on the simulator one hour in total. Experiments were performed in the morning on a separate day. Participants were randomized into either an alcoholized or a control group. All subjects drove two courses consisting of highway and rural road and were sober for the first course. During a 1 h break the ethanol group drank an alcoholic beverage to yield 0.06% blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the influence of alcohol on driving performance. Among others, independent variables were Simulator Sickness Questionnaire scores and subjective sleepiness. Results: Subjects did not experience simulator sickness during the experiments. Mean BAC before the second test drive was 0.065% in the mildly intoxicated group. There was no clear-cut difference in the number of crashes between 2 groups. BAC of 0.1% would deteriorate mean braking reaction time by 237 ms (SE = 112, p < 0.05). Ethanol slightly impaired the tracking in the righthand curves (p = 0.058). Braking reaction time improved by 86 ms (SE = 36, p < 0.05) for the second test drive, indicating a learning effect. Conclusions: In sum, a clear ethanol effect was observed in the driving simulation. This simulation seems suitable for occupational research and produces little simulator sickness. Controlling for possible learning effects is recommended in driving simulation studies.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 6; 949-965
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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