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Tytuł:
Threats to Public Safety on the Example of Basque Nationalism in Spain
Zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa publicznego na przykładzie nacjonalizmu baskijskiego w Hiszpanii
Autorzy:
Lubańska-Gómez, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1860954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Basque nationalism
Spanish regionalisms
ETA terrorism
GAL revanchism
nacjonalizm baskijski
hiszpańskie regionalizmy
terroryzm ETA
rewanżyzm w działaniach GAL
Opis:
This article outlines certain dangers related to extreme attitudes of ethnic groups on the example of terrorism in the Basque Country. It shows how aggression was born in this Autonomous Community of Spain and what actions and attitudes of Spanish authorities enhanced it. It demonstrates how Francoist repressions strengthened separatist tendencies in this region. The Basque Country example reveals that persecution does not provide a solution to the problem. Just as every action causes reaction, aggression causes aggression. Government repressive measures can lead to the birth of a false myth, where a terrorist organization takes the role of the defender of the rights and freedoms of society. The will for peace, effective communication and the dialogical approach are values that provide security and peaceful coexistence of society.
W artykule nakreślono niektóre zagrożenia związane ze skrajnymi postawami grup etnicznych na przykładzie terroryzmu w Kraju Basków. Autor ukazuje, jak narodziła się agresja w tej hiszpańskiej Wspólnocie Autonomicznej oraz działania i postawy hiszpańskich władz, które ją wzmocniły. Opisuje również, jak represje frankistowskie wzmocniły separatystyczne tendencje w tym regionie. Przykład Kraju Basków pokazuje, że prześladowania nie zapewniają rozwiązania problemu. Tak jak każde działanie wywołuje reakcję, tak agresja wywołuje agresję. Rządowe środki represyjne mogą prowadzić do narodzin fałszywego mitu, w którym organizacja terrorystyczna przyjmuje rolę obrońcy praw i wolności społeczeństwa. Wola pokoju, skuteczna komunikacja i podejście dialogowe to wartości, które zapewniają bezpieczeństwo i pokojowe współistnienie społeczeństwa.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2020, 68; 42-54
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Claim modeling and insurance premium pricing under a bonus-malus system in motor insurance
Autorzy:
Ieosanurak, Weenakorn
Khomkham, Banphatree
Moumeesri, Adisak
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24987758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
bonus malus system
claim severity
exponential-GaL distribution
motor insurance
number of claims
Poisson-GaL distribution
system bonus malus
rozkład wykładniczy
ubezpieczenie komunikacyne
Opis:
Accurately modeling claims data and determining appropriate insurance premiums are vital responsibilities for non-life insurance firms. This article presents novel models for claims that offer improved precision in fitting claim data, both in terms of claim frequency and severity. Specifically, we suggest the Poisson-GaL distribution for claim frequency and the exponential-GaL distribution for claim severity. The traditional method of assigning automobile premiums based on a bonus-malus system relies solely on the number of claims made. However, this may lead to unfair outcomes when an insured individual with a minor severity claim is charged the same premium as someone with a severe claim. The second aim of this article is to propose a new model for calculating bonus-malus premiums. Our proposed model takes into account both the number and size of claims, which follow the Poisson-GaL distribution and the exponential-GaL distribution, respectively. To calculate the premiums, we employ the Bayesian approach. Real-world data are used in practical examples to illustrate how the proposed model can be implemented. The results of our analysis indicate that the proposed premium model effectively resolves the issue of overcharging. Moreover, the proposed model produces premiums that are more tailored to policyholders’ claim histories, benefiting both the policyholders and the insurance companies. This advantage can contribute to the growth of the insurance industry and provide a competitive edge in the insurance market.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2023, 33, 4; 637--650
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Generalized morphisms of abelian m-ary groups
Autorzy:
Gal'mak, Alexander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/728778.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
n-ary endomorphism
m-ary group
(m,n)-ring
Opis:
We prove that the set of all n-ary endomorphisms of an abelian m-ary group forms an (m,n)-ring.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2001, 21, 1; 47-55
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Production of ZFN-mediated GGTA1 knock-out pigs by microinjection of gene constructs into pronuclei of zygotes
Autorzy:
Lipiński, D.
Nowak-Terpiłowska, A.
Hryhorowicz, M.
Jura, J.
Korcz, A.
Słomski, R.
Juzwa, W.
Mazurkiewicz, N.
Smorąg, Z.
Zeyland, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Galα1
3Gal epitopes
pigs
xenotransplantation
genome edition
ZFNs
functional characteristics
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2019, 1; 91-100
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corporate Governance and Local Embeddedness of the Hungarian Cooperative Banking Sector
Autorzy:
Gál, Zoltán
Kovács, Zsolt
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485288.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-13
Wydawca:
Bankowy Fundusz Gwarancyjny
Tematy:
cooperative banks,
corporate governance
local embeddedness
cooperative network
Hungary
Opis:
Traditional cooperative banks are considered as locally and socially embedded, lending to local clients from locally collected deposits and financing the local economy.. To offset their disadvantage due to their insufficient size, they exploit the information advantage deriving from their geographical proximity to their clients and the advantages of their peculiar corporate governance deriving from the member-ownership. This paper examines the relevant theories on cooperative finance, while examining the underlying geographical and corporate governance aspects in a less advanced transition economy environment. Governments’ preference towards commercial banking and at the same time their negligence towards the cooperatives in general led to a loose financial regulation of the sector. The limits of cooperatives’ corporate governance and demutualization intensify when loosing social/local embeddedness. Cooperative banks, located in the periphery with insufficient socio-economic conditions to develop closer relationships with borrowers accelerate capital flight from their regions. Commercial cooperatives entering new markets show higher lending activity but have more non-performing loans due to the lost information advantage.
Źródło:
Bezpieczny Bank; 2018, 2 (71); 30-54
1429-2939
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczny Bank
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Subcellular localization of UDP-GlcNAc, UDP-Gal and SLC35B4 transporters
Autorzy:
Maszczak-Seneczko, Dorota
Olczak, Teresa
Olczak, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
MDCK-RCAr
nucleotide sugar transporter
Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
Opis:
The mechanisms of transport and distribution of nucleotide sugars in the cell remain unclear. In an attempt to further characterize nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs), we determined the subcellular localization of overexpressed epitope-tagged canine UDP-GlcNAc transporter, human UDP-Gal transporter splice variants (UGT1 and UGT2), and human SLC35B4 transporter splice variants (longer and shorter version) by indirect immunofluorescence using an experimental model of MDCK wild-type and MDCK-RCAr mutant cells. Our studies confirmed that the UDP-GlcNAc transporter was localized to the Golgi apparatus only and its localization was independent of the presence of endogenous UDP-Gal transporter. After overexpression of UGT1, the protein colocalized with the Golgi marker only. When UGT2 was overexpressed, the protein colocalized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker only. When UGT1 and UGT2 were overexpressed in parallel, UGT1 colocalized with the ER and Golgi markers and UGT2 with the ER marker only. This suggests that localization of the UDP-Gal transporter may depend on the presence of the partner splice variant. Our data suggest that proteins involved in nucleotide sugar transport may form heterodimeric complexes in the membrane, exhibiting different localization which depends on interacting protein partners. In contrast to previously published data, both splice variants of the SLC35B4 transporter were localized to the ER, independently of the presence of endogenous UDP-Gal transporter.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2011, 58, 3; 413-419
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Educational potential of the artistic expression of visual impairment in the books for children and youth
Autorzy:
Gal-Drzewiecka, Iveta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
ook illustration
visual handicap
aesthetics, reception
preschool and elementary education.
Opis:
Current need of the social integration of people with a handicap, either physical, social, or other, finds significant professional response in a field of pre-school and elementary education. In the accordance with the request of holistic child's personality development (harmonious integration of its cognitive, social-emotional, and perceptual-motoric areas) the education by art seems to be helpful and effective in removing barriers and deepening child's skills to understand and respect the otherness and also as one of the effective ways leading to the social acceptation and inclusion of people with some kind of a handicap. Paper deals with the possibilities of educational use of illustrated books for children and youth, which thematize one of the handicap types – visual impairment. It roots from the assumption of high effectivity of the experiential methods (“through personal experience to understanding”) and examines inclusive thinking formation options and attitudes of intact pupils through experiential activities, which use illustrated books thematizing blindness. Solution of the issue comes from the analysis and comparison of the poethological aspects of artistic expression of such handicap in concrete book titles. There are compared artistic-expressive and receptive specifics of various illustrative approaches, particularly their aesthetic-experiential potential – extent of possible sensor, emotional, and cognitive experiences, which offer various modalities of the illustrative rendering of visual impairment to the child's recipient. The same attention is given to their ethical and axiological reflection. In the context of these findings, there are defined paradigmatic differences between the books illustrated in traditional ways and artistically experimental books. Following this, there are outlined alternative models of the didactical application of the issue.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education; 2017, 11; 73-88
2543-7585
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Ionic Polyacetylene Derivative
Autorzy:
Gal, Y.
Jin, S.
Park, J.
Lim, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
72.80.L
73.61.P
78.20.C
78.30.J
Opis:
A new water-soluble ionic polyacetylene was synthesized by the acid-catalyzed polymerization of 2-ethynylpyridine using acrylic acid. The polymerization proceeded well to give a high yield of polymer. The acetylenic C ≡ C bond stretching (2110 cm¯¹) and acetylenic ≡ C-H bond stretching (3293 cm¯¹) peaks of 2-ethynylpyridine monomer were not seen in the FT-IR spectrum of polymer. The electro-optical and electrical properties of the ionic polyacetylene were measured and discussed. The resulting polymer showed strong maximum at 513 nm in the UV-Visible absorption, which is corresponding to photon energy of 2.42 eV. The energy gap width of polymer was estimated to be of 2.08 eV. It was observed that the electrochemical process of polymer is reproducible in the potential range of -1.80 to 1.60 V vs Ag/AgNO₃. HOMO and LUMO levels of polymer were 4.85 eV and 2.77 eV, respectively.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 4; 642-646
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of Moisture Content in Synthetic Moulding Sand on the Grounds of Relative Permittivity Measurement
Autorzy:
Nowak, D.
Gal, B.
Granat, K.
Jaworski, G.
Więcławek, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
moisture content
moulding sands
relative permittivity
microwaves
Opis:
The presented research was aimed at searching for an exact and effective method of determining moisture content in traditional moulding sands. By measuring resonance frequency and quality factor of a waveguide resonance cavity, relative permittivity was determined for different synthetic moulding sands. Analysis of the presented results confirms a linear relation between relative permittivity values and moisture content values in the selected traditional moulding sands. The obtained linear relationship can be used as a reference characteristic for evaluation of humidity of moulding sand.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2189-2192
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electrical Properties of Multilayer Systems Composed of Foundry Tooling and Moulding Sand
Autorzy:
Gal, B.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381474.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
microwaves
electrical properties
multilayer foundry system
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
mikrofale
właściwości elektryczne
system odlewniczy wielowarstwowy
Opis:
Within the research, selected multilayer technological systems created as combinations of water-glass containing moulding sand with foundry tooling, were characterised on the grounds of their electrical properties. By measuring resonance frequency and quality factor of a waveguide resonance cavity, real component of permittivity εr′ and loss tangent tgδ were determined for multilayer foundry systems with various qualitative and quantitative compositions. It was demonstrated that combination of a sandmix and foundry tooling with known dielectric properties results in a system with different physico-chemical properties, whose relation to the parameters of individual components of the system is undefined at this research stage. On the grounds of measurement results, theoretical value of microwave heating power, dissipated in unit volume of the selected multilayer foundry system, was determined. Knowledge of theoretical heating power and evaluation of physical, chemical and structural changes occurring in moulding sands exposed to microwaves in such a technological system makes a ground for empirical modelling of the process of microwave heating of foundry moulds and cores.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 21-24
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of humic acid on metal accumulation by Unio tumidus
Autorzy:
Formicki, G.
Stawarz, R.
Guzik, M.
Gal, A.
Kuczkowska-Kuzniar, A.
Ciaglo, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/83764.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska. Stowarzyszenie Malakologów Polskich
Tematy:
humic acid
metal accumulation
cadmium accumulation
copper accumulation
Unio tumidus
bivalve
Źródło:
Folia Malacologica; 2012, 20, 1
1506-7629
Pojawia się w:
Folia Malacologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ASIC implementation of high efficiency 8-bit 'OctaLynx' RISC microprocessor
Implementacja 8-bitowego mikroprocesora "OctaLynx" typu RISC w układzie ASIC
Autorzy:
Frankiewicz, M.
Gał, R.
Gołda, A.
Brzozowski, I.
Kos, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/158713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
Tematy:
mikrokontroler
RISC
ASIC
CMOS
liczniki
USART
SPI
Verilog
microcontroller
imers/Counters
Opis:
The paper presents structure of 8-bit RISC microcontroller with 16-bit address bus called OctaLynx. The processor behavior is described by Verilog hardware description language and was fabricated as ASIC in CMOS LF 0.15 m (1.8 V) technology. Before fabrication FPGA tests were run. The integrated circuit consists of the core and some peripherals (8-bit general purpose input-output ports, timers/counters, USART, SPI).The controller was designed for tests of the dynamic power management systems.
Artykuł prezentuje strukturę 8-bitowego mikrokontrolera typu RISC z 16-bitową magistralą adresową nazwanego OctaLynx. Procesor został zaprojektowany z użyciem języka opisu sprzętu Verilog oraz sfabrykowany jako układ ASIC w technologii CMOS LF 0,15 m (1,8 V). Przed fabrykacją wykonane zostały testy w układzie FPGA. Zbudowany układ scalony składa się z jądra i peryferiów (8-bitowych portów I/O, liczników, SPI, USART). Kontroler przeznaczony jest do testów systemów dynamicznego zarządzania mocą w układzie.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2012, 260; 241-253
0032-6216
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anthropogenic transformation of the vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the settlement complex in Poganowo (Mrągowo Lakeland, NE Poland)
Autorzy:
Szal, Marta
Kupryjanowicz, Mirosława
Wyczółkowski, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025749.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hu man im pact
pol len anal y sis
fun gal spores
Masuria
Mid dle Ages
Opis:
The re sults of pol len, non-pol len palynomorph and microcharcoal par ti cle anal y ses of de pos its from a small pond in north east ern Po land are pre sented. The study fo cused on hu man-in duced veg e ta tion changes that oc curred in a close vi cin ity of the set tle ment com plex at Poganowo dur ing the Mid dle Ages (ca 10th–16th cen tu ries). We dis tin guished three phases of hu man im pact. First and third phases cor re spond to in ten si fied set tle ment ac tiv ity. The sec ond phase was a pe riod when hu man ac tiv ity de creased and wood land re gen er a tion took place. The high in ci dence of the par a - sitic fun gus Kretzschmaria deusta in a lo cal for est stand dur ing the third phase was si mul ta neous with nu mer ous spores of coprophilous fungi (Sordaria-type and Cercophora-type). We con sider that Kretzschmaria deusta in hab ited the roots and bases of tree trunks dam aged by dig ging and graz ing an i mals.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2015, 32; 19-29
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Paul’s "Fullness of Time” (Gal 4:4) and "Fullness of Times” (Eph 1:10)
Autorzy:
Rambiert-Kwaśniewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-21
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
pełnia czasu
czas
pełnia czasów
πλήρωμα
καιρός
χρόνος
List do Galatów
List do Efezjan
fullness of time
fullness of times
Galatians
Ephesians
Opis:
The expression “the fullness of time/times” is problematic because it was used for the first time in all of Greek literature by Paul, the Apostle to the Nations. A similar expression can be found only in certain papyri, where “the completion of times” was the expression used to call, among others, the end of a loan period. The only key to understanding the connotation of “the fullness of time/times” is an in-depth analysis of the immediate textual contexts of both Galatians 4:4 and Ephesians 1:10, the two places where this novelty is found. This article is an attempt to interpret the “fullness of time/times” in Galatians 4:4 and Ephesians 1:10 (with the addition of Mark 1:15). Our conclusion is that in Galatians 4:4 “the fullness of time” should be considered as “the end of the domination of Law.” As for Ephesians 1:10, there are multiple valid proposals for explaining “the fullness of times”, and we have not limited ourselves to any one in particular.
Źródło:
Verbum Vitae; 2020, 38, 1; 199-218
1644-8561
2451-280X
Pojawia się w:
Verbum Vitae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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