- Tytuł:
- Aktywizacja zawodowa osób z niepełnosprawnością. Aspekty ekonomiczne i społeczne
- Autorzy:
-
Kobus-Ostrowska, Dorota
Kowalczyk, Olga - Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/28408707.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2018
- Wydawca:
- Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
- Opis:
-
Choć żyjemy w czasach pełnych innowacyjnych rozwiązań, niepełnosprawni mają znacznie większą szansę popaść w ubóstwo, doświadczyć izolacji, a nawet upokorzenia niż ludzie sprawni. Niezwykle niepokojącą kwestią, podejmowaną w niniejszej książce, jest wysoki poziom bierności zawodowej osób z niepełnosprawnością w Polsce. Zdaniem autorki sytuacja ta wymaga jak najszybszych zmian, żeby w analizowanej grupie aktywność zawodowa stała się cechą dominującą. Aby sprostać nowym wyzwaniom, trzeba uwzględnić potrzeby osób z różnym rodzajem dysfunkcji, różnym stopniem niepełnosprawności oraz w różnym wieku. Wieloletnie doświadczenia w realizacji projektów skierowanych na aktywizację zawodową osób z niepełnosprawnością w Polsce nie przyniosły znaczących efektów. Niezbędne staje się więc pochylenie nad innymi sprawdzonymi już rozwiązaniami, stosowanymi w takich krajach europejskich, jak: Dania, Finlandia, Francja, Szwecja czy Wielka Brytania, które zostały zaprezentowane w tej publikacji.
The disabled constitute a huge untapped potential of the Polish economy, over 70% of people in working age are economically in- active and the employment rate of people with disabilities in the labor market is only 24%. Although there is a potential in people with disabilities, which when stimulated can bring brings meas- urable benefits these people are often pushed to the margins of social and economic life. Moreover, in Poland, people with disa- bilities are seen as insignificant economic resource. And while we are living in times of innovative solutions, people with disabilities are much more likely to fall into poverty, experience isolation, and even humiliation, than non-disabled people. The main purpose of this publication is to characterize factors which determine the pro- fessional activity of people with disabilities in Poland and identify the types of activities necessary to increase the professional activity and employment of the disabled. The publication is of theoretical and empirical nature. Theoretical part is based on studies of a wide range of Polish and foreign literature devoted to the issue of occupational devel- opment of people with disabilities and reports prepared by the experts of the European Commission, EUROSTAT and the Cen- tral Statistical Office. The analysis of the activity was supported by statistical and empirical material provided by the Central Stat- istical Office (GUS) as part of the quarterly Labour Force Survey (LFS), the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy MPiPS-01 reports, National Census carried out in 2011, the State Fund for Rehabil- itation of Disabled Persons (PFRON) reports and information provided by the Government Plenipotentiary for Persons with Disabilities. The empirical part was based on the results obtained from the conducted questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was addressed to the population of people with disabilities who dec- lared their willingness to fulfill it (electronic version) excluding the people with complex disability. The research conducted by the author shows that: • Work is an effective tool for the rehabilitation of people with disabilities, encourages to further activity in many areas of life, but concerns, however, a small percentage of these people; • The employment of persons with disabilities is particularly af- fected by the following characteristics: gender, type and sever- ity of disability, age, educational level, duration of unemploy- ment, the amount of guaranteed benefits, and the cost incurred by the employer in connection with the establishment and ter- mination of employment; • All the forms of support in Poland aimed at occupational devel- opment of people with disabilities contribute only to a small extent to the growth of their employment and do not guarantee getting a job nor keeping it; • The disadvantage of the disabled on the labor market in Poland is due to the lack of coherence of the actions implemented by the public institutions working for the disabled. The high level of professional inactivity of people with disabil- ities in Poland is an extremely worrying issue undertaken in this work. According to the author – it is necessary in this situation to introduce changes in the scope of occupational development as soon as possible so that the activity rather than the inactivity was a dominant feature in the analyzed group. Therefore, the policy pursued in Poland, aimed at people with disabilities is raising concerns. Firstly, the tasks implemented by the public institutions working for the disabled are inconsistent. Secondly, the occupa- tional development of people with disabilities is almost exclusively considered in terms of expenses to be incurred, without taking into account the fact that professionally active persons with dis- abilities pay taxes, contribute to the local budget and generate low- er social spending. Thirdly, it is not enough now to think that the public funds intended for the occupational development of people with disabilities should be most fairly distributed among entities, institutions or public benefit organizations. These funds should be used to bring the best results to as many people with disabil- ities as possible. In order to meet the new challenges, the needs of people with different types of dysfunction, different degrees of disability and different age should be considered. It is also note- worthy that there are no employment agencies in Poland which would professionally support people with disabilities. While ex- amples can be multiplied, the present work presents support mea- sures in countries such as Sweden, Finland, Denmark, France and the United Kingdom. It is important to choose solutions which can be successfully implemented in Poland. This work does not aim at providing an exhaustive presentation of all the issues that could be formulated in relation to the multidimensional problem of socio-economic analysis of occupational development of per- sons with disabilities, especially as there are no clear answers to many emerging questions. - Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
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