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Wyszukujesz frazę "wind climate" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Comparative study between Poland and South Africa wind climates, the related damage and implications of adopting the eurocode for wind action on buildings
Autorzy:
Goliger, A.
Żurański, J.
Giżejowski, M.
Gaczek, M.
Retief, J.
Kruger, A.
Dunaiski, P.
Fiszer, S.
Ćwik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/231003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
warunki wiatrowe
szkoda wiatrowa
obciążenie wiatrem
projektowanie konstrukcji
norma
wind climate
wind damage
wind loading
structural design
standard
Opis:
Wind constitutes one of the major environmental factors affecting the design and performance of built environment. Each country has its unique climatic wind conditions, and the way in which these are considered and implemented in the structural design, is important. An implementation or adoption of any new engineering design stipulations introduces a formidable challenge to the developers of the standards and the design profession. This has been experienced in some of the countries (e.g. the UK, Australia and the USA), where processes of modernising the outdated codification took place in the past. Although both Poland and South Africa are currently at the early implementation stage of the new wind loading design stipulations, there is a major difference between the circumstances of the two countries. Poland, as an EU member state, has a compulsory obligation to adopt the new uniform standarisation requirements, within a stipulated time-frame. The South African code developers, after a thorough investigation process which will be highlighted in the paper, decided voluntarily to adopt the Eurocode as the primary model document.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2013, 59, 1; 51-95
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing the Impact of Wind Conditions on Urban Heat Islands in Large Australian Cities
Autorzy:
Al-Obaidi, Ilham
Rayburg, Scott
Półrolniczak, Marek
Neave, Melissa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
climate change
heat island
wind speed
wind direction
seasonal UHI
diurnal UHI
Opis:
Urban regions are well known to be warmer than the outlying surrounding regions: this phenomenon is termed an Urban Heat Island (UHI). Depending upon its severity, an UHI can influence human health, the condition of urban vegetation, as well as air and water quality leading to a general decline in the living conditions of the affected urban environments and residents. Some studies have shown that prevailing weather conditions, like wind patterns, can influence UHI magnitudes. These studies suggest that wind speeds may be inversely related to UHI magnitude. However, long-term and high frequency weather and temperature measurements are exceedingly rare, so the exact nature of the relationship between wind speeds and directions as well as UHI magnitudes remain unknown. In order to address this problem, this study investigates how UHI magnitudes in five Australian cities affect wind speed and wind direction. The results of this study revealed that urban–non-urban temperature differences are most pronounced under calm weather conditions. The UHI intensity weakened as wind velocity increased: strong significant negative correlations were found between the mean UHI intensity and mean wind speed magnitudes. The results show that the greatest UHI intensities are recorded when wind is weak (less than $2 ms^{-1}$), while the lowest magnitudes are found when wind speeds exceed $6 ms^{-1}$. Further, the results show that the critical wind speed value, above which the strength of the UHI is considerably minimized, is around $4–5 ms^{-1}$. In addition, the study shows that wind direction in each city is a critical driver factor that determines the intensity of the UHI effect. When winds originate from dry environments, they favour high UHI intensities at all wind speeds, while the winds from the ocean side of coastal cities tend to cool urban regions, reducing UHI intensities or even promoting the urban cool island formation.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 11; 1-15
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Links between Variations in Climate Patterns and ITCZ Position over Nigeria
Autorzy:
Opeyemi, Rabiu Salau
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Climate
Flood
ITCZ
Rainfall
Solar Radiation
Temperature
Wind Speed
Opis:
The analysis of the observed 30 years data that include the monthly precipitation, wind speed and solar radiation from Maiduguri, Abuja, Ikeja and Port Harcourt is done to estimate the approximate shift in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) mean position over Nigeria. The data are separated into three decades (1981-1990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2010) and their monthly mean values are compared with each other and with the corresponding magnitudes over the whole period (1981-2010). The results indicate that the overall precipitation increases southward across the country while the annual mean intensity rises over the decades in all the selected locations. Using the extreme decades, the magnitude of the rainfall in 2001-2010 is higher than the corresponding values in 1981-1990 by 20.84 mm, 9.87 mm, 18.40 mm and 6.89 mm in Maiduguri, Abuja, Ikeja (Lagos) and Port Harcourt respectively. Further investigation in all the locations showed periods of elevated monthly rainfall in the recent decades than other periods; the magnitudes compared to 1981-1990 are between 48.6mm-78.4mm which are much higher than the annual mean intensities while few months with very low rainfall are observed in Abuja and Port Harcourt. As expected, reverse pattern is seen in the wind speed which is generally lower in 2001-2010 than in 1981-1990. The rising magnitude of the precipitation over the decades imply that the ITCZ must have been shifting slightly over the periods to a more northern extreme in 2001-2010, causing northward spread of the rainfall which raises the overall intensity of the rainfall across Nigeria. A persistent northward shift in the ITCZ position with increasing magnitude of the associated rainfall could raise the current severity of soil erosion, frequency of flooding that might cause severe damages and paralyze businesses in Nigeria under such a future climate change. Hence, availability of data with advance technology for studying fluctuations in the ITCZ position might improve weather forecast that could favour farm yield and save lives and properties as climate changes in the future.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 87; 191-204
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methodology for wind farms critical infrastructure network safety and resilience to climate change analysis
Autorzy:
Kołowrocki, K.
Kuligowska, E.
Reszko, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Polskie Towarzystwo Bezpieczeństwa i Niezawodności
Tematy:
critical infrastructure
wind farm
network
offshore
climate change
resilience
Opis:
The paper explores the terminology, which refer to wind farms critical infrastructure network. Moreover, there are presented definitions of wind farm critical infrastructure network interconnections and interactions within the Baltic Sea region. The impact of changing climate/weather conditions on the critical infrastructure and its operation are also considered.
Źródło:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association; 2016, 7, 2; 179--186
2084-5316
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perspektywy rozwoju energetyki wiatrowej
Wind power as a tool for climate protection
Autorzy:
Kassenberg, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15023547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
renewable energy
wind energy
low-carbon economy
climate policy
Opis:
The article describes the wind power industry globally, in the EU, and in Poland – in the context of climate protection requirements. The wind power sector is currently responsible for only 2.5% of global energy production. Between 1996 and 2010, the global installed capacity increased over 30 times. It is estimated that in 2010 this capacity reached 1 million MW. Poland has committed itself to generating 15% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. Wind power market potential in Poland in 2020 is estimated at 13 GW, which could lead to a greenhouse gas emission reduction of 7.5%. However, currently less than 8.5% of this potential is exploited. Further development of the wind power industry in Poland would also lead to an increase in energy security, growth of small and medium sized enterprises, and the creation of new jobs.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2012, 1(29); 209-231
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimates of current and future climate change in Belarus based on meteorological station data and the EURO-CORDEX-11 dataset
Autorzy:
Danilovich, Irina
Geyer, Beate
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
climate change
meteorological observations
projections
scenario
air temperature
precipitation
snow
wind
Opis:
This study provides an assessment of the current and future changes (in terms of both direction and value) in air temperature, precipitation, snow, wind and their extremes over the territory of Belarus using information from 42 meteorological stations and 92 regional circulation model (RCM) simulations with the highest available horizontal resolution (EUR-11). Three representative concentration pathway scenarios, namely, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, are considered. Results demonstrate that in recent decades, temperature has increased over the territory of Belarus by 1.3°C, with the largest increase occurring during the cold season (2.1-2.3°C). Ensemble scenarios project further increases in air temperature in the current century by +0.5-1.5°C, +2.8°C, and +5.2°C under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, with the largest increase during the cold season under the RCP8.5 scenario. The annual means were observed to increase (insignificantly) by 5-7% and the summer precipitation extremes exhibited a 20-25% growth in recent decades. Moreover, dry conditions have intensified in Belarus, particularly during the growing season. Further increases in precipitation of 10-15% across Belarus are projected to occur in all seasons under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Simulation models predict greater increases in single day rainfall events compared to their multiday precipitation counterparts. The greatest increases in maximal dry period length (by 1-2) are expected to occur in summer and autumn. The models project the general decrease in snowfall across Belarus to continue into the current century, with a reduction in snow precipitation days of 10-30 days. Despite the reduced wind strength (by 0.9-1.0 m·s -1 ) since the 1970s over the territory of Belarus, the ensemble model reveals slight nonsignificant changes in seasonal and annual wind strengths until the end of the century. Significant changes of 1-3 days under varying directions of the wind regime were observed for days with a strong breeze and storms.
Źródło:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications; 2021, 9, 1-2; 1-30
2299-3835
2353-5652
Pojawia się w:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the climatic variations in the wind waves parameters on the alongshore sediment transport
Autorzy:
Divinsky, B.V.
Kosyan, R.D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079275.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
climate variability
wind wave
coastal zone
sediment transport
numerical modelling
Black Sea
Opis:
The purpose of this work was to analyze the influence of climatic variability of wind waves and swell parameters in the coastal zone on the sediment transport and to assess the contribution of the swell to the formation of alongshore fluxes. The object of research is the Anapa bay-bar (the Black Sea). Mathematical modeling has shown that in the Anapa bay-bar area the average annual wind waves and swell powers have significant interannual variability. For the period from 1979 to 2017, in the southern part of the bay-bar, there was a statistically significant decrease in the share of swell in the alongshore transport, directed from NW to SE, in the central part – an increase in the contribution of swell to the total sediment flow from SE to NW, in the northern part – probable increase in flows to NW and decrease – to SE. Such a dynamic is consistent, in general, with experimental observations of the processes of erosion and accumulation of beach-forming material along the Anapa bay-bar coastline. A separate description of the bottom sediment fluxes under the influence of wind waves and swell made it possible to explain the fluctuations of the coastline over a climatic period.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 2; 190-199
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of wind climate changes on the mean sea level and current regime in the coastal waters of West Estonia, Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Suursaar, U.
Kullas, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
hydrodynamic model
coastal water
sea level
Baltic Sea
Estonia
climate change
wind
Opis:
The response of semi-realistic wind speed increase scenarios to the mean sea level and current regime of semi-enclosed sub-basins in the Baltic Sea is studied with a 2D hydrodynamic model. According to the model output of spatial mean sea levels, an increase in the westerly wind component by 2 m s−1 leads, for example, to a mean sea level rise of up to 3 cm in windward locations in the study area. The sea level change patterns depend on the wind scenario and coastline configuration. The increases in wind speed considered here also lead to enhanced water exchange through the straits, strengthening of the basin-scale circulation, enhancement of up- and downwelling, and increased bottom stresses near coasts.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Starożytna klimatyzacja
Ancient air conditioning
Autorzy:
Mielińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/2194695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
zmiany klimatu
przegrzewanie
łapacz wiatru
chłodzenie
climate change
overheating
wind catcher
cooling
Opis:
W opracowaniu odniesiono się do wybranego aspektu zmiany klimatu, odczuwanego w terenach zabudowanych jako miejska wyspa ciepła. Przedstawiono wybrane rozwiązania łagodzenia skutków przegrzewania miast, stosowane przez mieszkańców w pustynnym i gorącym klimacie Bliskiego Wschodu. Zestawiono historyczne rozwiązania ochładzania zespołów mieszkaniowych budynkami z wieżami zwanymi łapaczami wiatru. Opracowano typologię tych budowli jako inspirację współczesnych, ekologicznych rozwiązań mających na celu poprawę warunków życia mieszkańców w miastach w warunkach nasilającego się przegrzewania budynków i przestrzeni publicznych.
The article focuses on selected aspects of climate change perceived in built-up areas and known as an urban heat island phenomenon. Selected solutions to mitigate the effects of urban overheating used by residents in the desert and hot climate of the Middle East are presented. Historical solutions for cooling housing complexes using towers called “wind catchers” have been put together and compared. The typology of these buildings was developed as an inspiration for contemporary ecological solutions to improve the living conditions of residents in cities in the conditions of increasing overheating of buildings and public spaces.
Źródło:
Dziedzictwo architektoniczne. Ochrona i badania obiektów zabytkowych; 26-37
9788374931519
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of coastal vulnerability in Chabahar Bay due to climate change scenarios
Autorzy:
Armanfar, M.
Goharnejad, H.
Niri, M.Z.
Perrie, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
climate change
sea level rise
coast vulnerability
wind speed
storm
bathymetry
Chabahar Bay
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wind wave climate of West Spitsbergen: seasonal variability and extreme events
Autorzy:
Wojtysiak, K.
Herman, A.
Moskalik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
wave climate
wind wave
atmospheric circulation
seasonal variability
extreme event
Svalbard
West Spitsbergen
Opis:
Waves are the key phenomenon directly influencing coastal morphodynamics. Facing insufficient observations, wind wave climate of the west coast of Spitsbergen can be characterized on the basis of the modelled data. Here we have used the results of spectral wave models: Wave Watch III (WW3) hindcast and WAM in ERA-interim (ERAi) reanalysis. We have observed the presence of seasonal cycle with difference of up to 1 m between significant wave heights in summer and winter. In wave-direction analysis we have noticed the southwestern swell component of remarkably narrow width, thus we expect unidirectional swell impact on the coastline. Extreme events analysis revealed that storms occur mainly in winter, but the most energetic ones (significant wave height of up to 9.5 m) occur in spring and autumn. We have identified positive trends in storms’ frequency (2 storms per decade) and storms’ total duration (4 days per decade) on the south of the study area. More storms can result in the increase of erosion rate on the south-western coasts of Spitsbergen, but this change may be highly dependent on the sea ice characteristics. Wave heights of wind sea and swell are correlated with the relevant atmospheric circulation indices, especially the North Atlantic Oscillation. In the recent decade, the correlation is stronger with WW3 than with ERAi data, at some locations explaining over 50% (over 30%) of the total variance of wind sea (swell) wave heights. In ERAi data, the relationship with circulation indices seems sensitive to the length of the analysis period.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 3; 331-343
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geographical view on energetic sources of climate northeastern Montenegro
Autorzy:
Rajovic, G.
Bulatovic, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11128.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
energy source
climate
wind energy
solar energy
exploitation
renewable energy
renewable source
Montenegro
Opis:
This paper analyzes energy sources climate northeastern Montenegro, in the example municipalities Berane, Andrijevica and Plav in a geographical context its exploitation and use. Analyzed GeoScape from the standpoint of utilization of wind energy lose their its attractiveness due to high altitude mountain ranges that dominate in given area, it is the windy areas, often the located on slopes of the mountains, and most of them did not connected to the existing road network and infrastructure. The use of solar thermal energy is possible only with the help of passive solar architecture and active solar architecture (solar collectors for water heating and space heating in homes and tourist facilities). Program development and use of renewable energy in Montenegro, given the Energy Law of 2010 in which Montenegro has implemented parts of EU directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of energy from renewable sources.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2013, 03
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Extreme wind waves in the Black Sea
Autorzy:
Divinsky, B.V.
Fomin, V.V.
Kosyan, R.D.
Ratner, Y.D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
wind wave
swelling
surface wave
spatial distribution
storm
wave climate
numerical modelling
Black Sea
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trends and extremes of wave fields in the North-Eastern part of the Baltic Proper
Autorzy:
Broman, B.
Hammarklint, T.
Rannat, K.
Soomere, T.
Valdmann, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Sopot
hydrometeorological parameter
wave climate
conference
wave measurement
Baltic Sea
wave parameter
wind wave
Opis:
The paper analyses one of the longest contemporary wave measurements in the northern Baltic Sea, performed at Almagrundet 1978–2003. This record contains the roughest instrumentally measured wave conditions (significant wave height = c. 7.8 m) in the northern Baltic Proper until December 2004. The data for the years 1979–95, the period for which the data are the most reliable, show a linear rising trend of 1.8% per annum in the average wave height. The seasonal variation in wave activity follows the variation in wind speed. The monthly mean significant wave height varies from 0.5 m in May–July to 1.3–1.4 m in December– January. No corrections have been made in the analysis to compensate for missing values, for their uneven distribution, or for ice cover.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, S
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wind-caused air transport through greenhouse screens: a physical modelling approach
Autorzy:
Miguel, A F
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26494.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
porous screen
air transport
screen
greenhouse
climate control
physical model
air exchange
wind pressure
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 1999, 13, 2
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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