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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Środowisko naturalne człowieka a dobra kultury
    A HUMAN NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND THE CULTURAL PROPERTY OBJECTS WITHIN IT
    Autorzy:
    Pruszyński, Jan Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537082.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1973
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    ochrona wód i powietrza
    własność dobra kultury
    zabytki elementem środowiska
    Opis:
    The man’s natural environment can in no way be regarded as th a t composed solely of such factors or, components as the realm of plants, the wildlife, the surrounding atmosphere or natural resources. During the long period of human civilization certain natural assets were subjected to far-reaching transformations whereas a number of others were created as a result of the man’s cultural and organizing activities. Small doubt then that all such objects as, for instance, the castles, old manors, water or wind mills, the churches and even the whole towns being the relics of the past civilizational periods and at the same time of permanently advancing culture of the peoples should be preserved as important components of „cultural” landscape and of „natural” life of a modern society. A combined and complex protection of both natural and „cultural” environment seems much more effective and desirable means in that specific situation where the heavy industry, the technological „achievements”, production processes and the high traffic or transportation densities produce a real danger for the nature or individual, his health and the society’s cultural heritage. In his present publication the author, a lawyer and expert in environmental development deals with some problems of preservation and restoration of the immobile historical monuments as well as their use in the service of society taking into account their historical values and some provisions of the Cultural Property Protection and Museums Law of 1962. He comes to conclusion that the all kinds of practical use of the immobile historical monuments which are made with the exclusion of their cultural values are inadmissible and therefore such a practice should at once be prohibited.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 1973, 2; 127-129
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prawna opieka nad zabytkami – wybrane aspekty
    Legal guardianship of historic monuments – selected aspects
    Autorzy:
    Brudnicki, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537611.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    zabytek
    zabytek nieruchomy
    opieka nad zabytkami
    ochrona zabytków
    dobra kultury
    społeczny opiekun zabytków
    samorząd terytorialny
    własność zabytku
    instytucje kultury wyspecjalizowane w opiece nad zabytkami
    Opis:
    This article aims at discussing the legal issue of guardianship of monuments by analysing the definition of guardianship of monuments, specifying the activities carried out by the individual entities under the guardianship and comparing the definitions of guardianship and protection of monuments. The term of guardianship of monuments was reintroduced to the Polish legal system along with entrance of the Act of 23 July, 2003 on the protection of monuments and of the guardianship of monuments into force. According to the legislators, this term, construed directly, lays down the scope of rights and obligations of the owner or holder of monument, related for the most with custody of the monument. However, the term of monument guardianship refers also to the other entities, being not the holders of the monument. Pursuant to the provisions of the Act of 23 July, 2003 on the protection of monuments and of the guardianship of monuments, also the governmental administration authorities, self-governmental administration authorities and institutions of culture specialized in the guardianship of monuments and social guardians shall be competent for carrying-out specific activities in the area of guardianship of monuments. The guardianship of monuments is of individualized nature, and the entity competent for its performance is the owner or holder of the monument. From the civil law perspective, the guardianship of monument constitutes a set of obligations resulting in limitation of the property right. The guardianship is performed by taking specific actual actions (e.g. carrying-out conservation, restoration or construction works in the monument) and by ensuring proper conditions for carrying-out scientific activities. From the legal perspective, the guardianship refers to the monuments i.e. the objects compliant with the legal definition of the ‘monument’, laid down in Article 3 (1) of the Act of 23 July, 2003 on the protection of monuments and of the guardianship of monuments, regardless of the fact, whether these are covered by any form of protection (e.g. entry into the register or record of monuments), or not. The author reviews the definition of ‘monument’ currently in force critically, pointing out at relativisation of this term. The Act of 23 July, 2003 on the protection of monuments and of the guardianship of monuments introduces for the first time the terms of protection and guardianship of monuments. The basic differences between these two terms include designating the competent entity and specifying its rights and obligations. The obligations related to guardianship of monument, in direct approach, are targeted on its owner or holder, whereas the protection of monuments is performed by the public administration. Key similarities between the protection and guardianship of monuments include common object of the protection and guardianship (monument) and common purpose behind them i.e. preservation of monument in possibly best condition. The territorial self-government units play a double role as the entities performing the guardianship of monuments. On one hand, as the owners or managers of monuments, are obliged to take care of them, whereas on the other hand, guardianship of monuments is also one of public tasks, for delivery of which such territorial self-government units have been appointed. The tasks of the commune include establishing and keeping the record of monuments in order to deliver the key task of the territorial self-government units within the guardianship of monuments i.e. drawing-up the monument guardianship programmes. The institutions of culture specialized in the guardianship of monuments are also involved. The National Heritage Board of Poland is responsible, on behalf of public authorities, for performing scientific research and documenting the monuments as well as popularization and distribution of knowledge on the monuments and their importance for both history and culture. The tasks of the National Institute for Museums and Public Collections include, among others, collecting and propagating knowledge on the museums, museum exhibits, public collections and historical objects as well as forming social awareness in the area of values and preservation of cultural heritage. Also the museums, with significant amounts of movable and archaeological monuments, play an important role in the guardianship of monuments. The specific nature of the activity of the social guardians of monuments lays behind the motivation, the heart of which is their interest in monuments and internal need to care of them. The social guardians of monuments take the actions targeted on preserving the monuments’ value and maintaining them in possibly best condition as well as propagating knowledge about them. The summary consists in evaluation of distinction between the protection and guardianship of monuments. This differentiation seems to be transparent and straightforward only at the very first moment. Thorough analysis reveals that the term of guardianship of monument covers numerous meanings and connotations, depending on the targeted entity. The author points out the issue of unequal allocation of obligations related to preservation of cultural heritage between the public authorities and monuments’ holders. Therefore the afterthought, whether maintaining of the differentiation between protection and guardianship of monuments is necessary, seems to be reasonable. At the same time, the role of the state in the area of its constitutional obligation to preserve the national heritage should be defined anew to impose more tasks on the public authorities.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2014, 2; 49-72
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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