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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36
Tytuł:
On the dependence of the orthogonal projector on deformations of the scalar product
Autorzy:
Pasternak-Winiarski, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1218586.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
scalar product
orthogonal projector
dependence of projectors on scalar products
Opis:
We consider scalar products on a given Hilbert space parametrized by bounded positive and invertible operators defined on this space, and orthogonal projectors onto a fixed closed subspace of the initial Hilbert space corresponding to these scalar products. We show that the projector is an analytic function of the scalar product, we give the explicit formula for its Taylor expansion, and we prove some algebraic formulas for projectors.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1998, 128, 1; 1-17
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Méthodes de réalisation de produit scalaire et de problème de moments avec maximisation dentropie
Autorzy:
Girardin, Valerie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1219610.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
moments
scalar product
entropy maximization
Opis:
We develop several methods of realization of scalar product and generalized moment problems. Constructions are made by use of a Hilbertian method or a fixed point method. The constructed solutions are rational fractions and exponentials of polynomials. They are connected to entropy maximization. We give the general form of the maximizing solution. We show how it is deduced from the maximizing solution of the algebraic moment problem.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1997, 124, 3; 199-213
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Scale Structure of Moral Adjectives
Autorzy:
Faroldi, Federico L.G.
Soria Ruiz, Andrés
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/561248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Semiotyczne
Tematy:
moral adjectives
scalar semantics
multidimensionality
meta-ethics
Opis:
In this paper we discuss how and whether moral adjectives fit a well-known semantics for gradable adjectives. We first test whether moral adjectives are relative or absolute adjectives. The preliminary results suggest that moral adjectives don’t fall neatly under either category. In the second part we tackle the question of the scale of moral adjectives in a more theoretical fashion, i.e. by investigating their possible scales with mathematically precise tools.
Źródło:
Studia Semiotyczne; 2017, 31, 2; 161-178
0137-6608
Pojawia się w:
Studia Semiotyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polytropic Tachyon Scalar Field Model in 5-dimensional Universe
Autorzy:
Korunur, M.
Salti, M.
Aydogdu, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Extra dimension
cosmology
dark energy
scalar field
Opis:
Recent astrophysical observations show that the universe has entered a late-time accelerated expansion period. It is commonly accepted that the dark energy is responsible for this enigmatic behavior of our universe, because it makes up about 70 percent of the content of our universe and dominates over the matter part. Therefore, the dark energy will govern the speedy enlargement and determine the fate of our universe. Another interpretation of the dark energy is that this is a new kind of dynamical field or fluid, something mysterious which fills all of space but something whose influence on the accelerated enlargement nature of our universe is the opposite of that of baryonic matter and ordinary energy. Here, we focus on the polytropic gas unified dark matter-energy model in a 5-dimensional cosmology to reconstruct tachyonic scalar field proposal of the dark energy. It is known that the background dynamics of the polytropic gas is equivalent to that one for the dark energy interacting with the dark matter. On the other hand, using scalar field is one of the most significant methods helping us to understand the dark universe. There are many scalar field proposals, but generally it is hard to get exact relations for the scalar field function and its self-interacting potential. In this work, making use of the 5-dimensional Polytropic gas model, we calculate exact relations for the tachyonic scalar field. After that, we discuss our theoretical calculations graphically in order to interpret our theoretical results in a different way.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 115; 138-148
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improvement of accuracy of simple methods for design and analysis of a blazed phase grating microstructure
Autorzy:
Wang, W.
Jing, X.
Zhao, J.
Li, Y.
Tian, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
grating
effective medium theory
scalar diffraction theory
Opis:
In order to precisely analyze and design the transmittance characteristics of a blazed grating, the validity of both the scalar diffraction theory and the effective medium theory is quantitatively demonstrated. By making a comparison of diffraction efficiencies calculated by the two simplified methods and Fourier modal method, the accuracy can be obtained. It is found that when the normalized period is more than three wavelengths of the incident light, the scalar diffraction theory is useful to calculate the transmittance of the blazed grating within the error of less than 3%. The validity of the scalar diffraction theory increases when the normalized period increases. Importantly, by considering the Fresnel reflection effect, the validity of scalar diffraction theory can be significantly enhanced. Furthermore, when no higher-order diffraction waves appear and only zeroth order diffraction wave propagates, the effective medium theory is accurate to compute the diffraction efficiency within the difference of less than 1% between the zeroth order effective medium theory and Fourier modal method. The polarization characteristics of the validity of effective medium theory are also quantitatively demonstrated. The validity of the two simplified theories is dependent on not only the normalized period of surface microstructure but also the normalized groove depth.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 2; 183-198
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of high speed induction motor drive operating in household appliances
Autorzy:
Binkowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
high speed drive
induction motor control
scalar control
Opis:
The paper presents conclusions which are results of research on the use of high-speed drives operating in household appliances. The solutions that use three-phase or two-phase induction motors were taken into consideration. The assumed power of motors was up to 1 kW. The article describes the control process of power converters that is characterized by unity power factor and output voltages with the fundamental frequency up to 667 Hz. The requirements for control process were characterized and intelligent solutions were analysed, taking into account power outages, fluctuations, or accidental failures of supply voltage. The control functions of elaborated controller, such as current and speed control, drive start-up and control circuit supply were described.
Źródło:
Power Electronics and Drives; 2016, 1, 36/1; 41-53
2451-0262
2543-4292
Pojawia się w:
Power Electronics and Drives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Triviality of scalar linear type isotropy subgroup by passing to an alternative canonical form of a hypersurface
Autorzy:
Ežov, Vladimir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294194.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
CR automorphisms
canonical form
scalar linear type isotropy
Opis:
The Chern-Moser (CM) normal form of a real hypersurface in $ℂ^N$ can be obtained by considering automorphisms whose derivative acts as the identity on the complex tangent space. However, the CM normal form is also invariant under a larger group (pseudo-unitary linear transformations) and it is this property that makes the CM normal form special. Without this additional restriction, various types of normal forms occur. One of them helps to give a simple proof of a (previously complicated) theorem about triviality of the scalar linear type isotropy subgroup of a nonquadratic hypersurface. An example of an analogous nontrivial subgroup for a 2-codimensional CR surface in $ℂ^4$ is constructed. We also consider the question whether the group structure that is induced on the family of normalisations to the CM normal form via the parametrisation of the isotropy automorphism group of the underlining hyperquadric coincides with the natural composition operation on the biholomorphisms.
Źródło:
Annales Polonici Mathematici; 1998, 70, 1; 85-97
0066-2216
Pojawia się w:
Annales Polonici Mathematici
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Orbital angular momentum due to modes interference
Autorzy:
Rondón Ojeda, Irving
Soto-Eguibar, Francisco
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
invariant beam
orbital angular momentum
mode interference
scalar potential
Opis:
We present generalized expressions to calculate the orbital angular momentum for invariant beams using scalars potentials. The solutions can be separated into transversal electric TE, transversal magnetic TM and transversal electromagnetic TE/TM polarization modes. We show that the superposition of non-paraxial vectorial beams with axial symmetry can provide a well-defined orbital angular momentum and that the modes superposition affects the angular momentum flux density. The results are illustrated and analyzed for Bessel beams.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2021, 51, 1; 59-74
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stator windings condition diagnosis of voltage inverter-fed induction motor in open and closed-loop control structures
Autorzy:
Wolkiewicz, M.
Tarchała, G.
Kowalski, C. T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
induction motor
shorted turns
scalar control
vector control DFOC
Opis:
This paper deals with detection of the stator windings shorted turns in an induction motor drive working under open (scalar) and closed loop (Direct Field Oriented DFO) control structures. In order to detect the early stage of stator winding fault, the analysis of symmetrical and principal components of stator voltages and currents is used. Experimental results obtained from a specially prepared induction motor are presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2015, 64, 1; 67-79
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New product differentiation rule for paired scalar reciprocal functions
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Scalar product differentiation rules
integral kernels
multispatial reality paradigm
paired dual reciprocal space
scalar product integration rules
single-space reality paradigm
singularity
Opis:
When integral kernel of an integral transform is being formed, it should be the outcome of scalar product differentiation rule if the kernel is supposed to be eventually used as an integrand in a prospective integration. Yet it has already been shown that despite ensuing from properly performed differentiation, the resulting integral kernel contains, beside the covariant differential that is suitable for integration, also a certain contravariant term, which is not appropriate for integration in the same space as the covariant differential. But the contravariant term also can be turned into proper, though multiplicatively inverse covariant differential, if placed within a space that is reciprocal to the given primary space in which the first, covariant differential, is represented naturally. This uncharacteristic conversion of the contravariant expression from the primary space into the reciprocal covariant differential in the dual reciprocal space that is paired with the given primary space, can be considered as indirect proof that pairing of mutually dual reciprocal spaces is necessary in order to properly form operationally legitimate and geometrically valid differential structures. Consequently, the pairing of an infinitesimal descending singularity of the 2D domain of complex numbers with an infinitely ascending singularity deployed in the 1D domain of real numbers requires certain dual reciprocal spatial or quasispatial structures, for the downward transition from 2D descending complex singularities to the 1D ascending “real” singularities to be meaningfully/unambiguously implemented. Furthermore, just as integration by parts formula is a counterpart of the regular product differentiation rule, a new multispatial scalar product integration rule is proposed as a counterpart to the singlespatial product differentiation rule, and introduced by analogy to the latter, “regular” product integration rule.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 144; 358-371
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The value function in ergodic control of diffusion processes with partial observations II
Autorzy:
Borkar, Vivek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1208157.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
vanishing discount limit
value function
ergodic control
scalar diffusions
partial observations
Opis:
The problem of minimizing the ergodic or time-averaged cost for a controlled diffusion with partial observations can be recast as an equivalent control problem for the associated nonlinear filter. In analogy with the completely observed case, one may seek the value function for this problem as the vanishing discount limit of value functions for the associated discounted cost problems. This passage is justified here for the scalar case under a stability hypothesis, leading in particular to a "martingale" formulation of the dynamic programming principle.
Źródło:
Applicationes Mathematicae; 2000, 27, 4; 455-464
1233-7234
Pojawia się w:
Applicationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy characteristics of asynchronous electric drive
Autorzy:
German-Galkin, Sergiej
Sakharov, Vladimir
Tarnapowicz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
energy characteristics
asynchronous electric drive
scalar control methods
vector control methods
Opis:
Energy aspects are fundamental to the design of electric drive systems. This article describes energy performance for asynchronous electric drives based on various control methods. These electric drives comparison shows that vector control methods have a significant advantage over scalar control methods. The asynchronous electric drive mathematical description is based on vector control theory and main component method. Equations, obtained by mathematical description, allow calculating of the currents, voltages and electric power at the output when the electromagnetic torque and speed machine are set. Energy characteristics of the asynchronous drive were obtained with the use of the MATLAB-SIMULINK simulation program.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2019, 1 (27); s. 51-54
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie układu GPS do synchronizacji magnetometrów skalarnych
Application of GPS to synchronization of scalar magnetometers
Autorzy:
Wołoszyn, M.
Jakubiuk, K.
Chomnicki, M.
Łubkowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/152271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
układ GPS
magnetometr skalarny
pole magnetyczne
GPS device
scalar magnetometer
magnetic field
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono zastosowanie układu GPS do synchronizacji pracy dwóch magnetometrów skalarnych. Pomiar słabych pól magnetycznych za pomocą magnetometrów pompowanych optycznie wymaga synchronizacji ich pracy. W przypadku zamontowania magnetometrów na jednej platformie synchronizację pracy magnetometrów można przeprowadzić za pomocą specjalnego kabla wykorzystując interfejs RS232. W sytuacji zamontowania magnetometrów na różnych platformach, synchronizację pomiaru można zapewnić stosując układ GPS. W pracy omówiono układ pomiarowy z dwoma magnetometrami skalarnymi oparty na układach GPS oraz przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych.
The paper presents the use of the GPS to synchronize the operation of two scalar magnetometers. The measurement of weak magnetic fields with the optically pumped magnetometers, which measure the magnetic flux density (the so-called scalar magnetometers), needs to be synchronized. In the case of magnetometers mounted on one platform, synchronization of magnetometers can be performed by a special cable using RS232 interface, which provides the magnetometers work in series. This special cable connects two magnetometers in series, the first magnetometer (MASTER) sends data to the second magnetometer (SLAVE), which triggers its measurement, then both data combined are transferred to a PC. The measurement interval unit of magnetic flux density is small enough(order of several ms) to be omitted, it practically means that the work of two magnetometers is synchronized In case of mounting two magnetometers on different platforms while measuring the magnetic flux density of a differential module, the measurement synchronization is provided by the GPS system. The paper discusses the measurement system with two scalar magnetometers based on GPS systems and presents the results of experimental studies.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2014, R. 60, nr 8, 8; 614-617
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of stray currents generated by DC electric traction
Autorzy:
Budnik, K.
Machczyński, W.
Szymenderski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/378349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
stray currents
d.c. traction
earth return circuit
earth scalar potential
simulation
Opis:
The paper presents two methods of the 3D simulation of the primary scalar potential of the electric flow field produced in the earth by d.c. traction stray currents. In the first method the equivalent rail is considered as an earth return circuit with distributed parameters, whereas in the second method the rail is treated as a circuit with lumped parameters. It is assumed in the paper that the system considered is linear, that the earth is homogeneous medium of finite conductivity and that the effects of currents in nearby underground metal installations on the potential generated in the earth by track currents (primary earth potential) can be disregarded. An extensive parametric analysis to examine the roles of various factors, which affect the primary earth potential caused by stray currents, may be performed using simulation program developed. The technical application of the method presented, which can be useful at design stage e.g. of metal structures buried in the stray currents
Źródło:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering; 2015, 82; 67-76
1897-0737
Pojawia się w:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contribution to studies on calculation of D.C. stray currents
Autorzy:
Budnik, K.
Machczyński, W.
Szymenderski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
stray currents
d.c. traction
earth return circuit
earth scalar potential
simulation
Opis:
The paper presents two methods of the 3D simulation of the primary scalar potential of the electric flow field produced in the earth by d.c. traction stray currents. In the first method the equivalent rail is considered as an earth return circuit with distributed parameters, whereas in the second method the rail is treated as a circuit with lumped parameters. It is assumed in the paper that the system considered is linear, that the earth is a homogeneous medium of finite conductivity and that the effects of currents in nearby underground metal installations on the potential generated in the earth by track currents (primary earth potential) can be disregarded. An extensive parametric analysis to examine the roles of various factors, which affect the primary earth potential caused by stray currents, may be performed using simulation program developed. The technical application of the method presented, which can be useful at design stage e.g. of metal structures buried in the stray currents area, is illustrated by examples of computer simulation.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2015, 13; 28-41
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36

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