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    Tytuł:
    Modelling of seawater polluted by light and heavy crude oil droplets
    Autorzy:
    Rudź, K.
    Darecki, M.
    Toczek, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    oil pollution
    remote sensing reflectance
    Monte Carlo simulation
    radiative transfer
    oil-in-water emulsion
    Opis:
    Significant amounts of crude oil transported from offshore fields to the refineries using tankers or pipelines, demand increased control of seawater pollution. Tanker accidents resulting in oil spills drive much attention, as they influence local marine life and coastal industry. However, the most significant annual amount of crude oil enters the sea in the form of oilin- water emulsion as a result of standard tanker operations, offshore oil extraction and daily work of refineries. Many branches of science are challenged to provide new methods for oil detection, less expensive, more sensitive and more accurate. Remote satellite or airborne detection of large oil spills is possible using joint techniques as microwave radars, ultraviolet laser fluorosensors and infrared radars. Some methods are capable to deal with oil streaks detection and estimation of oil thickness. Although there is currently, no method to detect small concentration of oil droplets dispersed in seawater. Oil droplets become additional absorbents and attenuators in water body. They significantly change seawater inherent optical properties, which imply the change of apparent optical properties, detectable using remote sensing techniques. To enable remote optical detection of oil-in-water emulsion, a study of optical properties of two types of crude oil was conducted. Radiative transfer theory was applied to quantify the contribution of oil emulsion to remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). Spectra of Rrs from in situ measurements in Baltic Sea were compared to Rrs spectra of seawater polluted by 1 ppm of crude oil emulsion, collected using radiative transfer simulation. The light crude oil caused a 9-10% increase of Rrs while the heavy one reduced Rrs up to 30% (model accuracy stayed within 5% for considered spectral range). Results are discussed concerning their application to shipboard and offshore oil content detection.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 473-480
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Emulsified fuels of machine origin in seawater - a contribute to remote detection
    Autorzy:
    Rudz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    oil pollution
    remote sensing reflectance
    Monte Carlo simulation
    radiative transfer
    oil-in-water emulsion
    Opis:
    Development of industry and trade in the last few decades caused a huge increase in the pollution of the world's oceans. Substantial contributors to marine pollution come with the rivers from land-based sources including the by products of industry, run-off from agriculture activities such as biocides as well as effluents from urban areas. Moreover, a significant amount of marine pollution is caused by shipping and maritime activities. The operation of ship plants gives a real possibility for engine oils and fuels to reach the marine environment. Discharge waters contain a certain amount of petroleum derivatives in the form of dispersed droplets (oil-in-water emulsion). The presence of oil emulsion cause measurable changes in the optical properties of seawater. It is conceptually possible to detect these changes using a standard radiance or irradiance reflectance meter. Hence, a set of radiative transfer simulation has been carried out. This paper presents a computed photon trace simulation based on the Monte Carlo code, applied to the marine environment. The results are presented as reflectance spectra for the models of Baltic Sea and ocean water both pure and polluted by oil emulsion. It is shown that even small amounts of petroleum pollution raise the values of irradiance reflectance and cause a spectral shift by certain conditions. A possibility for remote evaluation of oil pollution is discussed as well as the perspective for improving the interpretation of shipboard and offshore light field analyses.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 375-381
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Emulsified fuels of machine origin in seawater - a contribute to remote detection
    Autorzy:
    Rudz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242232.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    oil pollution
    remote sensing reflectance
    Monte Carlo simulation
    radiative transfer
    oil-in-water emulsion
    Opis:
    Development of industry and trade in the last few decades caused a huge increase in the pollution of the world's oceans. Substantial contributors to marine pollution come with the rivers from land-based sources including the by-products of industry, run-off from agriculture activities such as biocides as well as effluents from urban areas. Moreover, a significant amount of marine pollution is caused by shipping and maritime activities. The operation of ship plants gives a real possibility for engine oils and fuels to reach the marine environment. Discharge waters contain a certain amount of petroleum derivatives in the form of dispersed droplets (oil-in-water emulsion). The presence of oil emulsion cause measurable changes in the optical properties of seawater. It is conceptually possible to detect these changes using a standard radiance or irradiance reflectance meter. Hence, a set of radiative transfer simulation has been carried out. This paper presents a computed photon trace simulation based on the Monte Carlo code, applied to the marine environment. The results are presented as reflectance spectra for the models of Baltic Sea and ocean water both pure and polluted by oil emulsion. It is shown that even small amounts of petroleum pollution rise the values of irradiance reflectance and cause a spectral shift by certain conditions. A possibility for remote evaluation of oil pollution is discussed as well as the perspective for improving the interpretation of shipboard and offshore light field analyses.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 385-390
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Testing the performance of empirical remote sensing algorithms in the Baltic Sea waters with modelled and in situ reflectance data
    Autorzy:
    Ligi, M.
    Kutser, T.
    Kallio, K.
    Attila, J.
    Koponen, S.
    Paavel, B.
    Soomets, T.
    Reinart, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    algorithm
    Baltic Sea
    coastal water
    chlorophyll a
    optical property
    phytoplankton assemblage
    water reflectance
    Opis:
    Remote sensing studies published up to now show that the performance of empirical (band-ratio type) algorithms in different parts of the Baltic Sea is highly variable. Best performing algorithms are different in the different regions of the Baltic Sea. Moreover, there is indication that the algorithms have to be seasonal as the optical properties of phytoplankton assemblages dominating in spring and summer are different. We modelled 15,600 reflectance spectra using HydroLight radiative transfer model to test 58 previously published empirical algorithms. 7200 of the spectra were modelled using specific inherent optical properties (SIOPs) of the open parts of the Baltic Sea in summer and 8400 with SIOPs of spring season. Concentration range of chlorophyll-a, coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and suspended matter used in the model simulations were based on the actually measured values available in literature. For each optically active constituent we added one concentration below actually measured minimum and one concentration above the actually measured maximum value in order to test the performance of the algorithms in wider range. 77 in situ reflectance spectra from rocky (Sweden) and sandy (Estonia, Latvia) coastal areas were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms also in coastal waters. Seasonal differences in the algorithm performance were confirmed but we found also algorithms that can be used in both spring and summer conditions. The algorithms that use bands available on OLCI, launched in February 2016, are highlighted as this sensor will be available for Baltic Sea monitoring for coming decades.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance of selected phytoplankton species from the Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Soja-Wozniak, M.
    Darecki, M.
    Wojtasiewicz, B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47866.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    reflectance
    phytoplankton
    diatom
    Cyclotella meneghiniana
    Skeletonema marinoi
    Cyanoprokaryota
    Dolichospermum
    Nodularia spumigena
    Synechococcus
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    Results of unique laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of several phytoplankton species typically occurring in high abundances in the Baltic Sea waters are presented. Reflectance spectra for diatoms: Cyclotella meneghiniana and Skeletonema marinoi and Dolichospermum sp., Nodularia spumigena and sp. were analysed in terms of assessment of their characteristic features and the differences between them. These species contain similar pigments, which results in general similarities of reflectance spectra, i.e. decrease of reflectance magnitude in the blue and red spectrum regions. However, hyper-spectral resolution of optical measurements let us find differences between optical signatures of diatoms and cyanobacteria groups and between species belonging to one group as well. These differences are reflected in location of local maxima and minima in the reflectance spectrum and changes in relative height of characteristic peaks with changes of phytoplankton concentration. Wide ranges of phytoplankton concentrations were analysed in order to show the persistence of Rrs characteristic features. The picoplankton species, Synechococcus sp. show the most distinct optical signature, which let to distinguish separate cluster in hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results can be used to calibrate input data into radiative transfer model, e.g. phase function or to validate modelled Rrs spectra.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ geometrii źródło promieniowania-roślina-detektor na wartość teledetekcyjnych wskaźników roślinności
    Assessment of geometry of radiation source-plant-detector on value of the remote sensing indices
    Autorzy:
    Kycko, M.
    Zagajewski, B.
    Podbielska, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132321.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
    Tematy:
    dwukierunkowość odbicia promieniowania
    BRDF
    teledetekcyjne wskaźniki roślinne
    geometria
    źródło promieniowania roślina-detektor
    bidirectional reflectance distribution
    remote sensing vegetation indices
    geometry Sun-plant-detector
    Opis:
    The aim of this study is an analysis of an influence of geometry electromagnetic radiation (lamp or sun) - research target (leaves) - detector. The electromagnetic radiation was emitted by the lamp ASD ProLamp, which was installed at 30°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 150° angles. Reference measurements was a system in which the lamp and detector were set vertically. During the laboratory measurements spectral properties of Rhoeo spathacea were acquired. Based on the measured spectral curves of vegetation remote sensing indices were calculated and statistical ANOVA tests were applied. The results confirmed the relationship between the geometry of the lamp - plant - detector. The higher the angle the incident radiation results were less diverse and close to optimum values were observed. Analysis of the indicators showed that the high variability characterized by the indicators measuring water, chlorophyll contents and overall vigor parameters of plants. While the tests can be used for measuring rates of nitrogen content, the absorption of carotenoids and photosynthetically active radiation.
    Źródło:
    Teledetekcja Środowiska; 2013, 49; 15-26
    1644-6380
    Pojawia się w:
    Teledetekcja Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling the bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDF) of sea areas polluted by oil
    Autorzy:
    Otremba, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49118.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine environment
    radiance
    petroleum industry
    modelling
    oil
    pollution
    remote sensing
    oil pollution
    oil emulsion
    bidirectional reflectance distribution function
    sea
    oil-water emulsion
    marine area
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the possibilities of modelling the bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) in sea areas polluted by oil. Three sea basin models are considered: a coastal one free of oil, one polluted by an oil film and one polluted by an oil emulsion. The following concentrations of oil were compared: for the film, 1 cm3 of oil per 1 m2 water surface, for the emulsion 1 cm3 of oil in 1 m3 of water. The optical properties of Romashkino crude oil were taken into consideration, as were various angles of incident solar light. The conversion of BRDFs into a directional distribution of the optical contrast of polluted areas is demonstrated.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Remote sensing reflectance of Pomeranian lakes and the Baltic
    Autorzy:
    Ficek, D.
    Zapadka, T.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic Sea
    chlorophyll a
    coloured dissolved organic matter
    optical property
    optically active component
    organic matter
    phytoplankton pigment
    pigment
    Pomeranian lake
    reflectance
    remote sensing
    suspended particulate matter
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improvement of MERIS level 2 products in Baltic Sea coastal areas by applying the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL) - data analysis and validation
    Autorzy:
    Kratzer, S.
    Vinterhav, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48296.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    MERIS standard processor
    FUB processor
    C2E process
    Baltic Sea
    coastal area
    data analysis
    validation
    spectral reflectance
    open sea
    remote sensing
    water quality
    atmosphere
    water body
    total suspended matter
    suspended particulate matter
    organic matter
    Opis:
    In this paper we compare the following MERIS processors against sea-truthing data: the standard MERIS processor (MEGS 7.4.1), the Case 2 Regional processor (C2R) of the German Institute for Coastal Research (GKSS), and the Case 2Water Properties processor developed at the Freie Universit¨at Berlin (FUB). Furthermore, the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL), a prototype processor for the correction of adjacency effects from land, was tested on all three processors, and the retrieval of level 2 data was evaluated against sea-truthing data before and after ICOL processing. The results show that by using ICOL the retrieval of spectral reflectance in the open sea was improved for all processors. After ICOL processing, the FUB showed rather small errors in the blue, but underestimated in the red −34% Mean Normalised Bias (MNB) and 37% Root Mean Square (RMS). For MEGS the reflectance in the red was underestimated by about −20% MNB and 23% RMS, whereas the reflectance in the other channels was well predicted, even without any ICOL processing. The C2R underestimated the red with about −27% MNB and 29% RMS and at 412 nm it overestimated the reflectance with about 23% MNB and 29% RMS. At the outer open sea stations ICOL processing did not have a strong effect: the effect of the processor diminishes progressively up to 30 km from land. At the open sea stations the ICOL processor improved chlorophyll retrieval using MEGS from −74% to about 34% MNB, and TSM retrieval from −63% to about 22% MNB. Using FUB in combination with ICOL gave even better results for both chlorophyll (25% MNB and 45% RMS) and TSM (−4% MNB and 36% RMS) in the open Baltic Sea. All three processors predicted TSM rather well, but the standard processor gave the best results (−12% MNB and 17% RMS). The C2R had a very low MNB for TSM (1%), but a rather high RMS (54%). The FUB was intermediate with −16% MNB and 31% RMS. In coastal waters, the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(490) was well predicted using FUB or MEGS in combination with ICOL (MNB about 12% for FUB and 0.4% for MEGS). Chlorophyll was rather well predicted in the open Baltic Sea using FUB with ICOL (MNB 25%) and even without ICOL processing (MNB about 15%). ICOL-processed MEGS data also gave rather good retrieval of chlorophyll in the coastal areas (MNB of 19% and RMS of 28%). In the open Baltic Sea chlorophyll retrieval gave a MNB of 34% and RMS of 70%, which may be due to the considerable patchiness caused by cyanobacterial blooms. The results presented here indicate that with the MERIS mission, ESA and co- workers are in the process of solving some of the main issues regarding the remote sensing of coastal waters: spatial resolution; land-water adjacency effects; improved level 2 product retrieval in the Baltic Sea, i.e. the retrieval of spectral reflectance and of the water quality products TSM and chlorophyll.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 211-236
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of the suitability of spectral indices for detecting areas of increased stress among plants - a case study of the botanical garden in Kielce
    Ocena przydatności wskaźników spektralnych do wykrywania obszarów wzmożonego stresu wśród roślin - studium przypadku ogrodu botanicznego w Kielcach
    Autorzy:
    Sobura, Szymon Sylwester
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27322567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
    Tematy:
    Remote Sensing
    RS
    botanical garden
    crop monitoring
    stress detection
    Plant Senescence Reflectance Index
    PSRI
    Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
    UAV
    Precision Agriculture
    PA
    teledekcja
    ogród botaniczny
    monitoring upraw
    detekcja stresu
    wskaźnik spektralny PSRI
    bezzałogowy statek powietrzny
    BSP
    rolnictwo precyzyjne
    Opis:
    An important factor threatening global security is climate change and its impact on changing rainfall patterns and seasonal temperature variability. For this reason, farmers and crop scientists are striving to detect plant stress as soon as possible and introduce preventive measures so that key decisions in maintaining plant health are made in a timely way. Currently, multispectral images acquired from UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) make it possible to provide objective and reliable information related to the state of agro-ecosystems, the dynamics of changes occurring on them and the monitoring of natural resources in a rapid and non-contact method. In the present study, the suitability of low-altitude multispectral imaging for proper stress detection in plants was assessed. The botanical garden in Kielce, a site with a high biodiversity of plant specimens, was chosen as the testing ground. In this study, four spectral indexes maps were analysed in the form of: NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NDRE (Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index), GNDVI (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the less frequently used PSRI (Plant Senescence Reflectance Index) for the assessment of plant health. PSRI values > 0.50 clearly identified areas of high stress, in contrast to the other spectral indices analysed in this study. The study confirmed the suitability of the PSRI for conducting monitoring activities in areas with varying crop characteristics in an efficient and rapid approach.
    Ważnym czynnikiem zagrażającym globalnemu bezpieczeństwu są zmiany klimatyczne i ich wpływ na zmiany wzorców opadowych oraz zmienność sezonowych temperatur. Z tego powodu osoby zajmujące się ochroną walorów przyrodniczych oraz upraw dążą do jak najszybszej detekcji stresu roślin i wprowadzeniu działań profilaktycznych, aby kluczowe decyzje w utrzymaniu zdrowia roślin zostały podjęte w odpowiednim czasie. Obecnie zdjęcia multispektralne pozyskane z UAV (ang. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) umożliwiają dostarczenie obiektywnej i wiarygodnej informacji związanej ze stanem agrosystemów, dynamiki zmian na nich zachodzących oraz monitorowania zasobów przyrodniczych w sposób szybki i bezkontaktowy. W niniejszej pracy oceniono przydatność zobrazowań multispektralnych z niskiego pułapu do prawidłowej detekcji stresu u roślin. Jako poligon doświadczalny wybrano ogród botaniczny w Kielcach, będący obiektem o dużej bioróżnorodności okazów roślin. W pracy przeanalizowano cztery mapy wskaźników spektralnych w postaci: NDVI (ang. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NDRE (ang. Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index), GNDVI (ang. Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) oraz rzadziej stosowany wskaźnik PSRI (ang. Plant Senescence Reflectance Index) pod kątem oceny kondycji zdrowotnej roślin. Wartości wskaźnika PSRI > 0,50 w sposób jednoznaczny zidentyfikowały obszary wysokiego stresu w odróżnieniu od pozostałych analizowanych w pracy wskaźników spektralnych. Badania potwierdziły przydatność wskaźnika PSRI do prowadzenia działań monitoringowych na obszarach o zróżnicowanej charakterystyce uprawianych roślin w sposób efektywny i szybki.
    Źródło:
    Structure and Environment; 2023, 15, 4; 253--268
    2081-1500
    Pojawia się w:
    Structure and Environment
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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