Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "Social Market Economy" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 98
Tytuł:
Etyka w społecznej gospodarce rynkowej
Ethics in the Social Market Economy
Autorzy:
Przybyciński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ethics
social market economy
Opis:
Respecting the rights of man, the social market economy is aimed at maintaining a high rate of economic growth, price stability, full employment, healthy competition, good working conditions and public services. That is just why the social market economy is not far removed from the objective demands of the moral order, from the exigencies of justice and social love.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kryzys społecznej gospodarki rynkowej w kontekście procesów globalizacji
The Crisis of Social Market Economy in the Context of Globalization Processes
Autorzy:
Dylus, Aniela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20258195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
crisis
social market economy
globalization
Opis:
In the context of globalization processes, the social market economy (SME) is in the crisis. Reflection on the features of that model is closely related with the scientific dispute over its designation. It could be perceived as a theory, political program, sort of economic order, structure, model or system of economic and social development. Sometimes it is seemed as an idealistic vision or even political utopia (Niklas Luhmann). Others (eg. Peter Koslowski) argue that this system has come to an end. In favor of this thesis they refer to various arguments: lack of consensus on redistribution, demographic crisis, depletion of solidarity resources, intergenerational imbalance that threatens the retirement systems and many others. Despite the range of these arguments, it appears that the SME still has a specific potential that could be freed. Combating difficulties associated with globalization processes such as: dominance of the economy over politics, ‘tax starvation’ of the welfare state, marginalization of trade unions, dispersion of ownership and its detachment from responsibility, ‘financialization’ of economy, dominance of ‘casino capitalism’, could help to heal SME. The crisis on financial markets might be paradoxically an opportunity to return to the ethical foundations of the SME.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2011, 14, 1; 33-38
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The crisis of social market economy in the context of globalisation processes
Autorzy:
Dylus, Aniela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
social market economy
crisis
globalisation
Opis:
In the context of globalisation processes, the social market economy (SME) is in crisis. A reflection on the features of this model is closely related to the scientific dispute over its designation. It could be perceived as a theory, a political programme, a sort of economic order, a structure, a model or a system of economic and social development. Sometimes it is perceived as an idealistic vision or even a political utopia (Niklas Luhmann). Others (e.g.: Peter Koslowski) argue that this system has come to an end. To support this thesis, they refer to various arguments: a lack of consensus on redistribution, a demographic crisis, the depletion of solidarity resources, an intergenerational imbalance that threatens retirement systems and many others. Despite the range of these arguments, it appears that the SME still has a certain potential that could be freed. Combating difficulties associated with globalisation processes, such as the dominance of the economy over politics, ‘tax starvation’ of the welfare state, marginalisation of trade unions, dispersion of ownership and its detachment from responsibility, “financialisation” of economy, or dominance of ‘casino capitalism’, could help to heal the SME. The crisis in financial markets might be paradoxically an opportunity to return to the ethical foundations of the SME.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 8; 33-39
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of capitalistic model on industrial policy conducted by state - the case of Germany
Wpływ modelu kapitalizmu na politykę przemysłową prowadzoną przez państwo - przykład Niemiec
Autorzy:
Czarnecka–Gallas, Marta
Sikora, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
industrial policy
coordinated market economy
social market economy
Opis:
Do wybuchu kryzysu gospodarczego w 2008 roku w debacie ekonomicznej na temat zasad prowadzenia polityki przemysłowej dominowało podejście neoliberalne- państwo nie powinno ingerować w rynek i zrezygnować z polityki przemysłowej. Jednakże kryzys gospodarczy doprowadził do zmiany paradygmatu. Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, w jakim stopniu i w jaki sposób model kapitalizmu wpływa na kształt polityki przemysłowej prowadzonej przez państwo. W artykule analizie zostały poddane Niemcy- główne założenia i cele prowadzonej przez nie polityki przemysłowej. Wykorzystanymi metodami badawczymi są przegląd literatury oraz analiza opisowa niemieckiego modelu kapitalistycznego w świetle teorii Hall i Soskice oraz klasyfikacji Amable’a. Artykuł wskazuje, że polityka przemysłowa prowadzona przez Niemcy jest dostosowana do niemieckiego modelu kapitalizmu, a głównym czynnikiem, który ją kształtuje, jest koncepcja społecznej gospodarki rynkowej.
Źródło:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii; 2013, 1(32)
1429-3730
2450-095X
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dyskursy podstaw przedsiębiorczości
Discourses of Entrepreneurship Education
Autorzy:
Pląsek, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Entrepreneurship Education
entrepreneurship
social market economy
Opis:
The article discusses the discourses which describe entrepreneurship and market and state relations in the perspective of the social market economy in Polish Entrepreneurship Education textbooks. The author points out that dominant in the textbooks is the economic model of entrepreneurship. He also notes that the concept of social market economy, indicated in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as the bedrock of the economic system, appears only in some textbooks.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2020, 58; 233-245
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Losy koncepcji społecznej gospodarki rynkowej (SGR) w Polsce po 1989 roku na gruncie teorii i praktyki polityki społeczno-gospodarczej
The Concept of Social Market Economy (SME) in Poland after 1989 on the Grounds of the Theory and Practice of Socio-Economic Policy
Autorzy:
Osoba, Józef Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38719433.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Społeczna Gospodarka Rynkowa
Social Market Economy
Opis:
The concept of Social Market Economy (z pol. SGR − Społeczna Gospodarka Rynkowa) originated in Germany. Its predecessor, as it is widely recognized, was the German version of liberalism, also known as ordoliberalism (Ordo-Liberalismus), the main theoretician of which was Alfred Müller-Armack, whereas the man who put it into practice was Ludwig Erhardt. The original SGR assumptions which emerged when the Christian Democrats where in power in former West Germany are recognized as the first stage of this concept. The second stage followed when the Social Democrats from SPD won the election. They also accepted the concept and in 1959 they recognized it as their own. The main theoretician of the Social Democrats government economic principles was professor Karl Schiller. From that time on it has been said in West Germany that when the Christian Democrats parties are in power they tend to put pressure on SGR market aspect, whereas the government and Social Democrats parties stress its social aspect. Some of the SGR assumptions have been adopted by Social Democrats of Western Europe as well. In Poland the decision to adopt the assumptions of SGR was made and placed in The New Constitution (April 1997). The number 20 article of The Constitution says the country approves of the idea of grounding the economic system in Poland on SGR assumptions, and even more precisely-on its liberal version. The academic output of Polish economists dealing with SGR principles and their “adaptability” in Polish socio-economic reality is quite impressive. Among many representatives of Polish scientific thought engaged in SGR research, professor Tadeusz Przeciszewski is quite an outstanding person. He created his own, so called Polish version of this concept, defining it with the SER-GR (z pol. − Społecznej Ekologicznej i Regulowanej Gospodarki Rynkowej) abbreviation, which stands for: Social Ecological and Controlled Market Economy. Comparing Polish experiences in introducing SGR into socio-economic policy during the last few years with a German model of SGR one can notice a couple of differences. According to the author of this article, the SGR we can see in contemporary Poland is only a substitute of that German one. It is but a slogan written down in law. In West Germany the unemployment rate is pretty high as well, which is a sign of SGR crisis in that country. The cause to SGR failure in West Germany is, according to the author, withdrawing from its original assumptions. Particularly it concerns the overdeveloped social welfare system factor, as well as social insurance and backing up economy monopolistic tendencies. Due to this the author states a question: what socio-economic model is the best future model for Poland? In the author's opinion SGR model can be a save option for Polish economy when the country joins the European Union. The problem is to contribute to that final model only with our own character and those features of EU model which allow our economy to obtain a steady, strong status when trying to get a competitive supremacy on a global scale, and make it possible to achieve a long term economic progress.
Źródło:
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL; 2005, 1, 2; 83-104
1896-6365
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działalność niemieckich przedsiębiorstw sportowych (piłkarskich) a społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu
Activity of German Sports (Football) Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility
Autorzy:
Grabowski, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
-
sports enterprises
social market economy' corporate social responsibility
Opis:
At the turn of the 1920s and 1930s a new economic doctrine called ordoliberalism was born in Germany. The foundations of this doctrine were values such as responsibility, solidarity, justice, and freedom. Classics of ordoliberalism formulated a number of recommendations and requirements for businesses in their writings. One of them was the public responsibility, which had the private-economic and socio-economic nature. In Germany sports’ (football) enterprises functioning in the form of companies and associations are participants in the sports-economic competition in the two professional leagues (1. Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga). At the same time sports enterprises pursue different aims: among the economic goals, there are also the social goals. In the structures of sports enterprises there are several departments dealing with CSR and implementation of partnership projects. The article concludes that 1) the constitutive elements of ordoliberalism had an influence on the functioning of sports (football) enterprises in Germany, 2) the projects realized under the social responsibility rule that were undertaken by sports companies were strongly related to sports education, environmental protection, and social exclusion.
-
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 3
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public interest in the social economy
Autorzy:
Powałowski, Andrzej
Przeszło, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
public interest
social economy
social market economy
support
economy
Opis:
The social market economy requires multifaceted care to preserve its essence (standard) and the appropriate balance between ‘marketisation’ and ‘socialisation’. This should be fostered by defining the content of the ‘public interest’ clause, and the social interest in particular, when determining all circumstances related to the functioning of the social market economy because it is in the public (social) interest for the market economy to be linked to social needs. The public (social) interest is at the same time the premise for the formation and development of what is to be regarded as the ‘social economy’. The same interest requires that the created social economy should be supported by providing it with the assistance of both a subjective and functional nature.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2023, 98; 118-128
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
About a social enterprise...
Autorzy:
Gardziński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
Social innovations
social enterprise
social economy
social market economy
ordoliberalism
Opis:
A social enterprise is an innovative phenomenon in which every day entrepreneurial problems are solved by an entrepreneurial initiative of cooperating individuals. Especially in regions with large social and human capital, among communities with high trust, sensitivity and a sense of common social purpose in business, people discover that together we can do more, especially in our small homelands that constitute the microcosm of economic life. The aim of the article is to show that in the era of rapid technological progress, social innovations are a boundary condition for the survival of not only social enterprises, but also commercial ones, which to a smaller or larger extent also realize or can achieve social goals.
Źródło:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences; 2019, 9(1); 443-453
2450-2146
2451-1064
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cambodia’s Transition to Sustainable Development: Preconditions, Recommendations, Obstacles
Autorzy:
Wrobel, Ralph M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Cambodia, transition
sustainable development
social market economy
Opis:
Cambodia suffered dramatically from the Khmer Rouge regime in 1975 to 1979 as well as from Vietnam’s invasion and the following civil war till 1989. Both caused enormous destruction, not only of infrastructure, educational institutions, the financial and health system, but – even more importantly – to its human capital. After 1989 Cambodia’s economic transformation started but is insufficient until now. The conception of a market order – introduced by Walter Eucken (1952/90) - may be a helpful approach to improve the economic and social situation in the country. But before constitutive or regulative principles of a market order can be implemented in Cambodia successfully some basic political problems must be solved. They are defined already by North / Wallis / Weingast (2009) as rule of law for the elite, civil society, and consolidated control of the military. Additionally, there are further obstacles which must be drawn into consideration like cultural differences etc. It is the aim of this paper to describe the political and economic situation in Cambodia briefly. Then the necessary preconditions for sustainable development in the country will be introduced. Subsequently an economic policy in line with the market order conception will be recommended and further obstacles will be discussed, at least.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2014, 2, 2
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczna gospodarka rynkowa jako model ładu gospodarczego Unii Europejskiej
Social market economy as a model of economic order in the European Union
Autorzy:
Kamińska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
social market economy
ordoliberal theory
economic order
Opis:
The content of the article focuses on the concept of social market economy and its importance as a model for the development of the economic order of the European Union. The study covers three main issues related to the definition of a social market economy, discussing its ordoliberal roots and implementation of this concept in the European Union. The purpose of the analysis presented in the article is to determine the impact of the theoretical basis of social market economy model for the formation of the European Union and its selected institutions. The article, based on the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany, shows the main problems associated with the definition and implementation of this concept in practice. Confronting nature of the model and the requirements posed by the public and politicians, cause tension and the need to abandon the more radical moves. But its success is likely due to the effectiveness of the functioning of legislation and German institutions, characterized by political independence. The conclusions coming from the analysis allow us to say that ordoliberal roots of this model from the very beginning of the EU have influenced its institutional-legal shape, and the Lisbon Treaty only deepened this relationship. Entering the model of the social market economy in the Lisbon Treaty, however, involves the necessity of determining how much the German model should be imitated, and how much to look for new solutions. Necessary for this purpose is the correct perception of the model, which implies the need for wider dissemination of the ordoliberal theory.
Źródło:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu; 2013, 4 (25); 228-240
2080-5977
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social enterprise in social market economy
Autorzy:
Florczak, Ewelina
Gardziński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
Social enterprise
social economy
social market economy
ordoliberalism
economic order
Opis:
The aim of the article is to confirm the thesis that social enterprises have a big impact on maximizing social benefits and reducing disparities and social exclusion in the state with the social market economy, as well as in a country without a social market economy system. To achieve the goal, the assumptions of the social market economy and social enterprises were presented, both in terms of model and practical function-ing in Polish conditions. The authors use the deductive method of selected scientific publications, as well as the comparative method both in the efficiency of legal forms and business models of social enterprises, and the positive feedback phenomenon be-tween the social and micro-social dimension when the social enterprise penetrates complementarily through the order of the social market economy.
Źródło:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences; 2019, 9(1); 127-145
2450-2146
2451-1064
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Activity of German sports (football) enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility
Autorzy:
Grabowski, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
sports enterprises
social market economy
corporate social responsibility
Opis:
At the turn of the 1920s and 1930s, a new economic doctrine called ordoliberalism was born in Germany. The foundations of this doctrine were values such as responsibility, solidarity, justice, and freedom. Classics of ordoliberalism formulated a number of recommendations and requirements for businesses in their writings. One of them was the public responsibility, which had the private-economic and socio-economic nature. In Germany sports’ (football) enterprises functioning in the form of companies and associations are participants in the sports-economic competition in the two professional leagues (1.Bundesliga and 2.Bundesliga). At the same time sports enterprises pursue different aims: among the economic goals, there are also the social goals. In the structures of sports enterprises, there are several departments dealing with CSR and implementation of partnership projects. The article concludes that 1) the constitutive elements of ordoliberalism had an influence on the functioning of sports (football) enterprises in Germany, 2) the projects realized under the social responsibility rule that were undertaken by sports companies were strongly related to sports education, environmental protection, and social exclusion.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 7; 167-175
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ordoliberalizm a koncepcja i praktyka społecznej gospodarki rynkowej
Ordoliberalism with regard to the concept and practice of the social market economy
Autorzy:
Kubial, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/559214.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Gdańskie Seminarium Duchowne
Tematy:
ordoliberalizm
społeczna gospodarka rynkowa
ordoliberalism
social market economy
Opis:
Ordoliberalizm jest teorią, która powstała w latach 30. XX w. jako odpowiedź na tendencje kryzysowe w gospodarce. Koncentruje się na problemach ładu gospodarczego, różnicach dotyczących form oddziaływania na gospodarkę, roli rządu, który zapewnia warunki gospodarowania i gwarantuje wolną konkurencję. Powszechnie za praktyczny wymiar idei ordoliberalizmu uznaje się realizację koncepcji społecznej gospodarki rynkowej przez Ludwiga Erharda w Niemczech Zachodnich w latach 50. i 60. XX w. Jednak okazuje się, że już w pierwszych latach odbiegała ona znacznie od ordoliberalnego paradygmatu, co było głównie wynikiem realiów gospodarczych i kompromisów zawieranych z kapitałem, a także reakcją na roszczeniowe postulaty społeczne.
Ordoliberalism is a theory which originated in the 30s of the 20th century as a response to the crisis tendencies in the economy. It is concentrated on the problems of economic order, differences between forms of the order and forms of in;uence on economy, the role of government, which creates term economic management and free market competition. Ordoliberalizm was based on the superordinate human values – freedom, responsibility, and equality. The design of institutional framework of the economic processes is supposed to serve the realization of these values. Designing the framework of the order is the government’s task, which is supposed to control and assert the institutional rules it has dened itself. However that requires the use of economic policy measures to strengthen the economic freedom, responsibilities and rules of competition as the market fundamentals. The implementation of the concept of social market economy by Ludwig Erhard is generally considered as the practical dimension of the ordoliberalism idea. However there were a lot of differences between this implementation and the ordoliberal paradigm. That was mainly due to economic realities and compromises of the capital tycoons, and was a response to the social demands of claims.
Źródło:
Studia Gdańskie; 2012, 31; 370-388
0137-4338
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gdańskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wolność w koncepcji społecznej gospodarki rynkowej
Freedom in the concept of a social market economy
Autorzy:
Przybyciński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/588819.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Społeczna gospodarka rynkowa
Wolność
Freedom
Social market economy
Opis:
Koncepcja społecznej gospodarki rynkowej opiera się na wolności i odpowiedzialności ludzi. Umożliwia ona samorealizację jednostek i dobrobyt dla wszystkich poprzez konkurencję osiągnięć.
The concept of a social market economy is based on individual liberty and responsibility. It enables to realize one’s full potential and to secure a high standard of living for everybody through competition of achievements.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2018, 349; 183-191
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 98

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies