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Tytuł:
Novel Sources for Synchrotron Light
Autorzy:
Weckert, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
52.59.-f
Opis:
During the past decades synchrotron radiation has become an amazingly versatile tool for a very large range of applications ranging from basic physics, materials science, condensed matter physics, chemistry to life sciences, just to mention a few. The properties most widely exploited are high brilliance or flux, tunability, polarisation, and temporal resolution. More recently with the advent of third generation synchrotron sources providing very small source sizes partially coherent radiation even in the X-ray regime is available which enables a large number of new experiments. However, as far as it concerns pulse length and coherence traditional storage ring based sources encounter limits that cannot easily be surpassed. Having also these applications in mind new concepts have been developed. Mainly in the US plans are worked out for linac driven storage rings. In these devices electrons circulate only once in a storage ring after they have been accelerated by a high current/power linac. The emittance of such a source would be considerably smaller than that of a normal storage ring of the same size. A totally coherent beam down in wavelengths to theÅ-regime will be delivered by so-called X-ray free electron lasers proposed in the US (Stanford), in Germany (DESY, Hamburg), and in Japan (Spring8/KEK). In these systems the beam of a linac is directly fed through very long undulators where X-rays are generated according to the so-called self-amplified spontaneous emission process. The radiation after such a device will be fully coherent in the transverse direction and the pulse length will be in the 0.1 ps regime. These are properties unseen so far. The peak (average) brilliance of such an X-ray free electron laser will be about ten (five) orders of magnitude higher compared to the most advanced present day synchrotron radiation sources.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2002, 101, 5; 565-581
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Redefining Human Security The Case of Albania
Autorzy:
Farruku, Eglantina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
security
individuals
threats
state
policy
F52
I14
I31
Opis:
This paper offers a critical study of the concept and issues of human security. Its usage, definition and applicability may differ since different authors explain issues related to security differently. Although there is still no common definition on what human security is, most authors agree that human security is related to individuals in terms of theirwellbeing. For too long, human security has been focused on the protection of state territory, regarded as the traditional perception of security. This kind of interpretation refers to a narrow security concept, not well constructed and incapable of addressing most of the important issues related to the security of the individual. The issue of security for a nation is quite different to the issue of security for individuals, because the first tends to protect the boundaries of the state where people live while the second aims to protect all human being from insecurities. Human security is a new challenge in today’s world; it presents new threats which are far away from the threats generated by the traditional concept of human security. The new concept of human security should be analysed in people’s daily lives, not in a country’s guns and weapons. To protect people’s lives means respecting all human rights prescribed in domestic law and international conventions; violating them means causing human insecurities and the failure of the state to fulfil its own responsibilities towards the law. Therefore, the protection and the welfare of the people should become first goal of the government. In cooperation with international organizations and NGOs, governments should find and promote appropriate policies to establish a political, economic and social security environment for all the people as citizens of that country.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 4
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of Production Reaction Cross Section for $\text{}^{137}Cs$ Used in Radiotherapy
Autorzy:
Karpuz, N.
Boz, M.
Mavi, B.
Oner, F.
Akkurt, İ.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
82.20.Pm
52.59.-f
Opis:
During the production of the radiation source that used in radiotherapy may occur nuclear reactions are very important in terms of human health. $\text{}^{137}Cs$ is used in radiotherapy that consists of fission the $\text{}^{235}U$ core. Because of physical half-live of $\text{}^{137}Cs$ is 30 years, it is advantage for the radioactive half-lives. In this study, radionuclide production reaction cross section for $\text{}^{235}U$ $(n,f)^{137}Cs$ is calculated with TALYS 1.6 nuclear simulation code that based on Monte Carlo.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 2B; B-363-B-364
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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