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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 2654
Tytuł:
Czechs’ and Slovaks’ Approaches to the Eurozone Two Decades after the Czechoslovakian Divorce
Autorzy:
Riedel, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419567.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Czech Republic
Slovak Republic
monetary integration
European Union
Opis:
This paper attempts to identify the differentiated approaches of the Czechs and Slovaks in relation to monetary integration (the EMU) in Europe. It includes analysis of the key strategic documents programming the countries’ position in and towards the Eurozone, the presentation of selected economic parameters, as well as public opinion surveys on the issue, which divides not only Prague and Bratislava but the whole Central European region. As a result it shows the diversifi ed picture of the two member states’ approaches towards the Eurozone. Comparing the Czech and Slovak cases enables to observe two individual trajectories that launched in 1993. If not the Czech-Slovak divorce, both of the economies would be outside or inside of the Euro-club.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2015, 18; 193-210
1428-1503
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podpułkownik dyplomowany Andrzej Czerwiński i jego raport z 1933 roku o sytuacji polityczno-wojskowej w Czechosłowacji oraz warunkach i możliwościach pracy attachatu w Pradze
Autorzy:
Tomasz, Gajownik,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
military attache
interwar
Republic of Czechoslovakia
Republic of Poland
Opis:
In 1933 geopolitical situation in Europe had been changed. The leaders of four countries: Great Britain, France, Italy and Germany tried to make some agreement of ruling on the continent. For such countries like Poland and Czechoslovakia this agreement could be very dangerous. Both of them had a very difficult mutual relations. But potential threat could bring them closer. In a spirit of those thinking, polish military attache lt. Col. Andrzej Czerwiński had prepared a short report of political and military situation in Czechoslovakia, especially in the face of German’s pressures. He was writing about possibility of closing between two countries, chances of development of military forces and mutual cooperation.
Źródło:
Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej; 2018, 11; 3-19
1898-4215
Pojawia się w:
Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spór o PRL w III Rzeczypospolitej (1989–2001)
Autorzy:
Friszke, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Tematy:
People's Republic of Poland
People's Republic of Poland disputation PRL
Third Republic Of Poland
1989-2001
Źródło:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2002, 1; 9-27
1427-7476
Pojawia się w:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In the Beginning: the Jews as a Minority Group in the Middle and the Late Republican Period
Autorzy:
Rocca, Samuele
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/638597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Rome, Middle Republic, Late Republic, Jews, Cicero Pro Flacco, Josephus
Opis:
In this article I shall present an in-depth study of the condition of the Jews living in the city of Rome during the Middle and Late Republic. I shall make use mainly of epigraphic and literary sources, such as Appianus, Cicero, Josephus, Philo, Suetonius, and Varro. It seems to me, according to a careful reading of epigraphic data as well as the literary evidence presented by Valerius Maximus, that the first record of a Jewish presence in Rome ought to be dated no earlier than the second half of the second century B.C.E. According to Philo, only by the middle of the first century B.C.E. is there evidence of a much larger Jewish presence in Rome. Most of the Jews arrived as slaves in the wake of Pompey’s conquest of the Hasmonean kingdom in 63 B.C.E. and in the aftermath, during Aulus Gabinius’ consulate in 58 B.C.E. Yet there were also some liberti and a few peregrini, or immigrants. Most of them probably settled in the Subura. A hint of how Judaism and Jews were perceived during the Late Republic is given by the writings of Varro and Cicero. It seems that Varro was very impressed by the lack of images in the Jewish religion, an attitude which suggested a certain similarity to earlier Roman cultic practices. On the other hand, Cicero’s Pro Flacco reflects a negative attitude towards Judaism. Judaism is therefore characterized as a Barbarian superstition, opposed to Rome’s traditional values. It seems that the Jews as a group played a very negligible part, yet they were active in the politics of the Late Republic. A careful reading of Cicero’s Pro Flacco can show that during this period Jews still had no communitarian institutions, although they grouped together. Moreover, they were probably clientes of their conqueror patronus, Pompey, and as such they could create political pressure. Most of the Jews supported Pompey until the battle of Pharsalus. However, another group did form, which supported Aulus Gabinius, who had once been a cliens of Pompey. Later on, when Gabinius transferred his allegiance from Pompey to Julius Caesar during the Civil War, most of the Jews of Rome did the same, and switched their allegiance, following the steps of their leader in Judaea, the High Priest Hyrcanus II. According to a careful reading of a passage of Josephus’ Antiquities, which reports the decree of Publius Servilius Isauricus to the city of Parium, Julius Caesar recognized the Jewish communities, till then informal institutions, as collegia licita through the Lex Iulia.
Źródło:
Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia; 2014, 12
2084-3925
Pojawia się w:
Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instytucja prezydenta w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej – tradycja i współczesność
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
President
Republic of Poland
Constitution
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
The article present the institution of the President against the background of the government regime’s evolution between 18th and 20th century. During this period a new model had been shaped based on separation of powers and balance between the head of the state, government (executive) and the Judiciary Branch. Author divided the history of the Presidential Office in Poland into four periods: the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939), first years of the People’s Republic of Poland (1947-1952), late years of the People’s Republic of Poland (1989-1990) and the Third Republic of Poland (1990 ). Each of the period is different mainly because of the position and power of the President which directly depends on the Constitution, however political circumstances are not irrelevant in this matter. The dissertation attempts to describe all periods and comment them from the modern (current) point of view. Author spots that there’s been always conflict and dilemma between the idea of the strong presidency and weaker presidency. This tendency had been very visible during the Presidency of Lech Walesa, who had been trying to create the stable and firm institution of the President. New Constitution of the Polish Republic 1997 situated the President in accordance with the idea of the balance of power and division of powers. Role of the President depends currently on the political situation and the personal skills (even charisma) of the person who had been elected.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2008, 2(2); 123-137
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Органы местного самоуправления в международных отношениях: специфика и перспективы польско-белорусского сотрудничества
Local governments in international relations: Specificities and prospects of Polish-Belorussian cooperation
Autorzy:
Leszczenko, Larysa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Republic of Poland
Republic of Belarus
local self-government bodies
cooperation
Opis:
The paper presents brief history of the issue referred to in the title. Attention is drawn to the variety of formats and areas of cooperation between Polish and Belarusian local authorities, taking into account also the legal aspects of bilateral and multilateral cooperation. Comparative characteristics of the functioning of local self-governance systems in Belarus and Poland are discussed, with the focus on such issues as the context of systemic change, the specifics of the legal framework of both countries, international cooperation with third countries and organizations, as well as the motivation of the cooperating parties; special attention is paid to the consideration of successes and fallacies in the existing experience. The main part of the paper presents an analysis of the current Polish-Belarusian cooperation at the level of local governments. Principal external factors influencing the activation of bilateral relations are considered in detail: the place of Russia and the Eurasian Union in ongoing re-orientation of Belarus; Polish- Belarusian relations and the European Union; crisis in Polish-Russian relations; the Ukrainian dimension. With regard to internal factors ifluencing the Polish-Belarusian cooperation at the level of local self-government, the following issues are considered: state policies; legal issues; the level of democratic freedoms and independence in decision-making; ' nancial and economic problems; cultural, and informational components; personal dimension. In the final part of the paper the importance of the new realities is highlighted, and prospects of cooperation of local governments in Poland and Belarus are summarized; latest developments and the new trends in the area of cooperation are outlined, and the prospects of new possible areas of cooperation, and the supportive policies on the part of both the respective states as well as of international organizations are suggested.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2018, 12; 113-125
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Les fonctions et l'organisation de l'arbitrage économique en République Populaire de Pologne
Autorzy:
Tyczka, Mieczysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/44319873.pdf
Data publikacji:
1974-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
functions
organization
arbitration
economy
Polish Peoples republic
Polska
Polish Peoples Republic
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1974, 2 (22); 17-31
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Benchmark values for liquidity ratios in Slovak agriculture
Wartości wzorcowe wskaźników płynności w rolnictwie słowackim
Autorzy:
Toth, M.
Cierna, Z.
Serences, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
benchmarking
Slovak Republic
agriculture
Opis:
The primary goal of the paper is to state the financial benchmark values for liquidity ratios in Slovak agriculture. Authors measured liquidity with current ratio, quick ratio and cash ratio which are the traditional way of liquidity measurement. Using descriptive statistics authors describe the liquidity performance of more than 1,100 enterprises in each period in 2004–2011. Based on the results authors can conclude that the common recommended values for liquidity ratios cannot be used for agriculture. The overall liquidity in agriculture is much lower and therefore the results presented in this article can be used as a benchmark for individual enterprises comparison.
Podstawowym celem pracy jest określenie finansowych wartości odniesienia dla wskaźników płynności w rolnictwie Słowacji. Płynność określono z wykorzystaniem wskaźników płynności bieżącej, szybkiej i natychmiastowej, które są tradycyjnymi miernikami płynności. Wykorzystując metody statystyki opisowej, autorzy określili płynność w ponad 1100 przedsiębiorstwach w poszczególnych latach w okresie 2004–2011. Na podstawie wyników można stwierdzić, że powszechnie zalecane wartości dla wskaźników płynności nie mogą być stosowane w rolnictwie. Płynność w rolnictwie jest znacznie niższa i dlatego wyniki przedstawione w tym artykule mogą być stosowane jako punkt odniesienia dla porównania poszczególnych przedsiębiorstw.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2013, 12, 3
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovation environment in the Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Vančura, Michal
Mintálová, Tatiana
Toušek, Václav
Blažek, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/439137.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Innovation environment
Czech Republic
Opis:
The by-product of the current global economic processes is increasing competitive pressure. In conditions of world economy globalization, the Czech Republic was particularly successful in the 1990s, mainly due to the strategy of “low cost economy”. Low costs were the primary source of competitive advantage. Increasing pressure of large countries with cheap labour force does not allow the Czech Republic make its labour costs lower and use this as a source of economic growth and international competitiveness. Therefore the Czech Republic was forced to direct its further economic development towards the knowledge-based economy. Due to this new priority, in the economic policy the innovative abilities of the companies, increasing quality of human resources, as well as research and development of the new technologies became the most important tasks. For the most of companies these trends were tantamount with the necessity of basic changes in production process organization, management, human resources development, etc. Both inner and outer entrepreneurial environments were thus considerably changed and innovative companies become the carriers of comparative advantages in the regional development. The objective of the article is to assess the current position of the Czech Republic in international perspective as far as the innovative efficiency is concerned. The authors also will try to point the strong and weak sides of the innovation system in the Czech Republic. The second part of the paper analyses the innovative potential of particular Czech regions.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego; 2010, 16; 58-66
2080-1653
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development and trends of the general referendum law proposals in the Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Brabec, Dušan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Referendum
Czech Republic
proposal
Opis:
The possibilities of introducing elements of direct democracy into the Czech constitutional framework are often being reduced to efforts to implement a general referendum. During more than 25 years of the existence of an independent Czech Republic, the Czech Parliament discussed 21 proposals of the general referendum law. However, despite the relatively large number of the proposals, the Czech legislators did not agree on the form which the general referendum should have in the Czech Republic - none of the submitted proposals of the law on the general referendum has so far been accepted. Proposals of the general referendum law were not identical. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse 21 proposals submitted to the Czech Parliament. The main emphasis will be put on the overall role which a general referendum should fulfil in case it is implemented into the Czech legal framework. Should a general referendum serve only as a complementary instrument in the context of parliamentary democracy applied in the Czech Republic or should it be used as a regular tool to exercise power by citizens of the Czech Republic which corresponds much more to the system based on direct democracy? Which of these poles are the proposals approaching, or is it possible to observe a certain trend in the submitted proposals of the general referendum laws? Are the proposals, that are repeatedly submitted by the same political parties consistent in their content? Those are the main issues, which will be addressed in this paper.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2018, 25, 2
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niekoľko poznámok k rekodifikáciám trestnoprávnych noriem v Slovenskej republike
Autorzy:
Madliak, Jozef
Porada, Viktor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141742.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
Criminal Law
Slovak Republic
Opis:
First the authors pay their attention to the issue of recodification of Slovak Criminal Code and Slovak Code of Criminal Procedure. They notice that for the first time was eliminated material element of factual ground of crime ( danger of crime to society) and now there is in the Slovak Republic pure formal conception of crime. The age limit of criminal liability was altered from 15 to 14 years as well. One of the results of the above mentioned contemporary formal conception of crime in the Slovak Republic is expanding of the special part of the Criminal Code, due to precising of factual grounds of crimes. In regard to Code of Criminal Procedure it is important to mention that after the recodification the term “bodies active in criminal proceedings” means merely the prosecutor and the police body. Into the main hearing were incorporated some contradictory elements. It subsequently brought up different opinions on course of main hearing forasmuch as the Code of Criminal Procedure does not determine this process precisely. At the end the authors notice that now, after receiving knowledge about various complications in Slovak criminal procedure it would by appropriate amend criminal law regulation in the Slovak Republic and eliminate known problems.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2009, 3(3); 55-68
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Powieść Popiół i diament Jerzego Andrzejewskiego a cenzura w NRD
Jerzy Andrzejewski’s novel Ashes and Diamonds and the censorship in the GDR
Autorzy:
Rajch, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29432332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Jerzy Andrzejewski
novel
censorship
Polish People’s Republic
German Democratic Republic
Opis:
The article presents how the Polish novel Popi.ł i diament (Ashes and Diamonds) by Jerzy Andrzejewski was received by censors in the German Democratic Republic. The novel was first published in East Germany in the 1960s, although attempts to release it were made as early as sixteen years earlier. The author of the article recalls the reviews by German censors who refused to give consent to the novel’s publication on the East German market and whose decisions were affected not by the content of the book alone, but also by the social and political situation in both the Polish People’s Republic and the German Democratic Republic.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2023, 44; 287-301
1233-8680
2450-4947
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kariera akademicka w Republice Czeskiej
Autorzy:
Olszewski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/639792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
academic career, Czech Republic.
Opis:
The article describes the issue of academic career development in the Czech Republic and possibilities of changes, which are foreseen by Higher education reform. Article describes formula of Ph.D. studies which are the beginning of academic career.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne; 2009, 3 (7)
2084-3968
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czeskie doświadczenia w obszarze pedagogiki przeżyć
Autorzy:
Ewa, Palamer-Kabacińska,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
experience
adventure
Czech Republic
Opis:
Outdoor and adventure education in Poland is still developing and begins to function outside the community of practitioners. Polish researchers mostly rely on the English-language studies, which are based on the British and American experiences, but they fail to notice that the Czech achievements are comparable to the ones in western countries. Moreover, experiences of Poland’s southern neighbours are closer to ours, and thus – the methods used may be more relevant to the Polish conditions. The article describes the development and current state of the outdoor and adventure education as a science in the Czech Republic and presents the achievements of the main centre, ‘PŠL’, which initiates most activities in this field. The study asks questions about the sources of the Czech experience education, terminology, as well as developed methods and techniques of activities.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2016, 61(2 (240)); 203-216
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rywalizacja polityczna o Białoruś w latach 1917–1919 między białoruskimi socjalistami a bolszewikami. Powstanie Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republiki Radzieckiej
THE POLITICAL RIVALRY FOR BELARUS BETWEEN BELARUSIAN SOCIALISTS AND BOLSHEVIKS IN 1917-1919. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Autorzy:
Michaluk, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2153620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-12
Wydawca:
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Institute of History of Ukraine
Tematy:
Belarusian national movement
Belarusian People's Republic
the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus
Opis:
The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the rivalry between Bolsheviks and Belarusian socialists for the future of the Belarusian lands in 1918-1920. The research methodology is based on the principles of scholarship, historicism, systematism and historical analysis. The scientific novelty of the results of this study lies in the reconstruction of the events related to the creation of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus. Conclusions: At the end of World War I, after the February Revolution, the process of formation of an independent Belarusian state by Belarusian socialists began. Although the Belarusian People's Republic was proclaimed on March 25, 1918, Belarusians did not manage to create their own state. It was determined by many internal and external factors. One of them being the political and territorial aspirations of the Bolsheviks and a rivalry between them and the Belarusian socialists for the future of the Belarusian lands. Conclusions: Belarusians, and therefore the Belarusian national movement, found themselves in a specific situation during the war. In the years 1915-1918, the Belarusian lands were divided by the Russian-German front line. As a result, military and civilians from the depths of Russia came to the frontier zone. After the February Revolution, the Russian army in the Western District and the Front began to become strongly politicized, focusing on various political and national programs. Belarusian socialists, including the military, gathered in the Central Belarusian Military Council opted for the creation of a Belarusian republic, first in a federation with Russia, and soon (after the Bolshevik coup) they leaned towards its independence. The military Bolsheviks were in favor of the incorporation of Belarusian lands into Russia as the West District. The conflict of interest between the Belarusian socialists and the Russian Bolsheviks was revealed at the All-Belarusian Congress held in Minsk in December, when Congress was brutally dispersed by the military Bolsheviks. The aspirations of the Belarusian socialists and position of the Belarusian communists were determined, among others, by the creation of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus proclaimed twice on January 1, 1919 and July 31, 1920 just before the offensive against Warsaw. It was supported by Soviet Russia as a counterbalance to the activities of the Belarusian independence camp and Polish influence in Belarus.
Źródło:
The International Relations of Ukraine: Scientific Searches and Findings; 2022, 31; 255-284
2411-345X
2415-7198
Pojawia się w:
The International Relations of Ukraine: Scientific Searches and Findings
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 2654

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