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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Leaders of Polish Political Parties and Their Scope of Power in Party Structures
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514636.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    Polish party system
    political party
    leader of party
    democracy
    Opis:
    The purpose of this article is to present the scope of authority of party leaders in selected Polish political parties. The study included the following parties: Civic Platform (PO), Law and Justice (PiS) party, the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), Polish Peasants’ Party (PSL), Your Movement (TR), Right Wing of the Republic Polish (PR), the New Right (NP) and the Greens. The article addresses the problem of electing a leader of party. The importance of exclusive competence (the powers that belong only to a leader) of the leaders of the Polish party is analyzed. The leader of party may on their grounds decide in certain areas of action of the party. This applies in particular to internal structure, staffing party, the nomination of candidates for election as well as disciplining party members. In most of the subjected parties the leaders have a broad range of rights including the exclusive character. According to the author, some of these powers undermine democratic nature of the party structure.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2015, 11; 7-17
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    POLSKIE PARTIE POLITYCZNE I ICH WYBORCY WOBEC ZWIĄZKÓW PARTNERSKICH OSÓB TEJ SAMEJ PŁCI
    POLISH POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR SUPPORTERS WITH RESPECT TO SAME SEX CIVIL PARTNERSHIPS
    Autorzy:
    Zawadzka, Katarzyna
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    polish political parties
    partnership of same – sex
    left
    right
    Opis:
    The article concerns attitudes of voters and political parties towards the right to civil partnerships for same-sex couples. Although, over the years, several attempts have been made to introduce draft laws on relationships in Poland, none of them was successful. The following political parties and groupings were analyzed: Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, Platforma Obywatelska RP, Nowoczesna of Ryszard Petru, KW Kukiz '15 and Koalicja Zjednoczona Lewica. Studies have confirmed that the portioning of support for the right to a same-sex registered partnership divides the Polish political scene. The position of the examined parties on the legalization of same-sex relationships coincides with the beliefs of voters. The majority of parties and voters of the left supported the right to enter into partnerships, right-wing parties and their voters were against.
    Źródło:
    Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2018, 16, 1; 132-145 (14)
    1732-9639
    Pojawia się w:
    Polityka i Społeczeństwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wyborcy wobec sposobu wyboru i zakresu władzy liderów polskich partii politycznych
    Voters in the face of election mechanism and scope of leaders authority in Polish political parties
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514648.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    party leaders
    party organization
    party organizational change
    political parties
    Opis:
    The article refers to the ratio of voters to choose the method and scope of leaders authority in the Polish political parties such as the Law and Justice party, Civic Platform, Polish Peasant Party, Palikot’s Movement and the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD). Most party leaders are elected by indirect suffrage. From the test batches only the leader of SLD had been once directly selected. The majority of respondents (both left-wing, right-wing and centrist) supported the idea of direct selection. However more often, a direct dial is in favor of left-wing voters. The scope of formal power increases with the leaders of the party from the left to the right point of the political spectrum. The subjects were different approach to the scope of authority of leaders. More left-wing voters were in favor of limiting their rights, right-wing supporters were often in favor of making authority leaders stronger. Internal regulations of the studied formations correspond to the expectations of voters as to the extent of its formal powers. However, differ as to the expected pattern of choice.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2013, 6; 61-74
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy polskie partie są demokratyczne?
    Are the Polish parties democratic?
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953218.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    political parties
    democracy
    party leader
    Opis:
    The article analyzes the application of democratic principles in the structures of polish political parties such as: Platforma Obywatelska (Civic Platform), Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice), Twój Ruch (Your Movement), Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (Democratic Left Alliance), Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe (Polish People’s Party), Prawica Rzeczypospolitej (Right Wing of the Republic), Polska Partia Pracy (Polish Labour Party), Partia Zieloni (Greens), Solidarna Polska (Solidary Poland). The author of the article discusses the issues of leadership competition, creation of informal groups in the party elections, members disciplining, and leaders forcing environmental risks arising from the principles of internal democracy. The author stated that the parties should be left free to shape structures while legally protect the democratic principles of choice and the relationship between the authorities and the equality of rights of members of the party.
    Źródło:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2015, 47; 84-97
    1505-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wybory do sejmiku województwa zachodniopomorskiego
    Elections to the Regional Council of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1831635.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-02-21
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    wybory samorządowe
    partie polityczne
    local government elections
    political parties
    Opis:
    Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących rywalizacji w wyborach samorządowych na poziomie regionu. Analiza odnosi się do wyników głosowania i wyborów do sejmiku województwa zachodniopomorskiego w sześciu kolejnych elekcjach. Badaniami objęto między innymi frekwencję, zmiany poparcia dla komitetów wyborczych i podział mandatów. Skupiono się na partiach, które albo samodzielnie, albo w koalicjach uzyskiwały mandaty w sejmiku. W badanym okresie najwyższe poparcie wyborcze osiągał do roku 2006 Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej,a w kolejnych wyborach Platforma Obywatelska RP. Województwo charakteryzowało się niższą frekwencją od średniej krajowej. W wyborach większe poparcie niż średnie w kraju uzyskiwały ugrupowania lewicy oraz Platforma Obywatelska RP.
    The article presents the research of the effects of rivalry in local government elections at the regional level. The analysis concerns the results of voting and elections to the Regional Council of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in six subsequent elections. The study includes factors such as: attendance, changes in support for electoral committees and the distribution of seats. The main focus was put on the parties that obtained seats in the Regional Council – either independently or within coalitions. In the analysed period, the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) obtained the highest electoral support until 2006, but in the following elections the highest support belonged to the Civic Platform (PO). The West Pomeranian Voivodship noted lower turnout than the national average attendance. Leftist parties and the Civic Platform gained above average support in West Pomerania than on the country level.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2019, 47, 1; 79-92
    0137-4176
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wyborcy polskich partii politycznych wobec problemu rozwarstwienia społecznego
    Polish political parties voters and social stratification problem
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514687.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    polish party system
    social stratification
    left and right
    Opis:
    Article refers to the ratio of the party and their constituents facing the problems of social stratification. The analysis underwent voters of elections to the European Parliament and election to the local governments 2014. There were considered five Polish parties: Platforma Obywatelska, Prawoi Sprawiedliwość, Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, Nowa Prawica of Janusz Korwin-Mikke. The respondents’ preferences were also examined in the relation to the place on the political scene declared by them and defining accordingly as left wing, right wing and centre. It was questioned whether differences in income between rich and poor in Poland are too large and whether the state should seek to reduce income inequalities of citizens. For the voters of most of the parties income differences were too high. The voter majority also believed that the state was to reduce the differences. The majority of opponents of the state involvement was only in the group of voters of Nowa Prawica. The views of voters slightly differed in the context of left and right division.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2015, 10; 23-35
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Władza despotyczna czy demokratyczna? Partie i wyborcy wobec demokracji i „rządów silnej ręki”
    Despotic or democratic rule? Parties and voters regarding democracy and “strong-arm government”
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514497.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    democracy
    authoritarianism
    Polish political parties
    Opis:
    The article concerns the attitudes of parties and their voters towards democracy and support for a “strong-arm government”. The research included the five largest Polish civil parties Platforma Obywatelska RP (Civic Platform RP), Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice), Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (Democratic Left Alliance), Twój Ruch (Your Movement) and Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe (Polish People’s Party). The results confirmed that, on the one hand, voters acknowledge democracy as the best political system for Poland; however, on the other hand, a substantial part of them longs for strong authorities. Supporting democracy, they advocate a “strong-arm government”. Among left-wing voters, there is three times more proponents of such governments than persons acknowledging another political system as better than democratic one. In the case of political scene centre voters, the number of “strong-arm government” proponents amounts to over four times the number of democracy critics. Nearly half of the right-wing voters supported the “strong-arm government”, and every fifth of them did not acknowledge democracy as the best political system. Proponents of democracy dominate in electorates of all parties. Groups in which their advantage over opponents is clearly the smallest include: PiS-voters, persons who declared the will to vote for another formation, and persons who did not want to participate in the elections. Among the PiS-voters, nearly three times more supported “strong-arm government” than opposed it. Among the voters of PO, SLD, and Your Movement, there were more opponents of a “strong-arm government” than its proponents. One may assume that a formation critical towards democracy and favorable towards reinforcement of authority of a strong, charismatic leader could gain among the right-wing voters. It may partially explain why did the Kongres Nowej Prawicy (Congress of the New Right) receive substantial support in the elections to the European Parliament. KNP criticizes the modern democracy and its leader favorably talked about activities of politicians who apply the methods of a “strong-arm government”. On the left side of the political scene there are no premises for the emergence of a political force based on similar views and having greater support.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2014, 8; 85-98
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Implementation of the Quota System in the Regional Assembly Elections: the Analysis of Electoral Results in the Context of Women’s Epresentation on Electoral Lists
    Autorzy:
    Cichosz, Marzena
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616934.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    women
    quota system
    elections
    regional assemblies
    political parties
    Opis:
    The following article concerns selected aspects of the implementation of the quota system in elections to the regional assemblies (Sejmik wojewódzki) in Poland. This comparative analysis concerns two elections: in 2010 (before the quota system was introduced) and in 2014 (after its introduction). The key questions the authors would like to address involve the number of women represented on the electoral lists in 2010 and 2014 respectively, and the number of mandates in regional assemblies awarded to women before and after the quota system was introduced, as well as the relationship between the position on the electoral list and mandates awarded to female candidates. The authors also focus on the personnel policies of political parties. Out of all regional elections, the regional assembly elections were characterized by the highest level of party dependency. Introducing the quota system resulted in an increase in the number of women represented on electoral lists, yet it did not help increase the number of mandates awarded to female candidates. One of the reasons for this situation was the strategy adopted when the positions on the electoral lists were awarded by the parties with the largest political support. The representation of women on the upper positions of the electoral lists is smaller than the quota of female representatives imposed by the electoral law, and the larger number of women on the positions further below on the electoral lists translates into smaller chances of these candidates gaining a mandate. The source data for this research analysis comes from the National Electoral Commission.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Politologiczny; 2018, 4; 25-37
    1426-8876
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Politologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problem legalizacji związków partnerskich osób tej samej płci w kampanii wyborczej 2011 roku
    The problem of same-sex couple partnership legalization in 2011 election campaign
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    polish political parties
    left
    right
    election
    partnership of same-sex couple
    homosexuality
    Opis:
    The article presents diff erences between the electorate and political parties programs in a political right point of view according to the principle of same-sex couples to certificate their relations. Parties of the left such as the Democratic Left Alliance (Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej) and Palikot`s Movement (Ruch Palikota) tried to support the idea of the same-sex couple partnerships however they didn’t try to make them equal with the ordinary marriages. The voters of those parties where more often ready to accept the same-sex couple partnerships, nevertheless the right side pulls in the opposite electorate. Most of the Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska RP) voters didn’t support the same-sex couples partnership idea, that kind of attitude dominate the Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) electorate too. Nowadays the aversion to the same-sex couples rights can be clearly seen among the whole society. During the 2011 campaign also clearly become the increase of support for the same-sex couples partnership over the previous year especially in political left wing of electorate. Social ratio to the main aspects of the article divines polish political parties as much as the most of the voters, creating a big line between the left and the right side of polish politics.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2012, 3; 237-249
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Organizacje pozarządowe na samorządowej scenie politycznej. Przykład powiatów województwa zachodniopomorskiego
    Non-governmental organizations on the local political scene. The example of administrative districts of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1595510.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    election
    non-governmental organizations
    local government
    wybory
    organizacje pozarządowe
    samorząd terytorialny
    Opis:
    W wyborach do samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce umożliwiono tworzenie komitetów wyborczych przez różne podmioty, partie polityczne i ich koalicje, organizacje społeczne oraz wyborców. Artykuł dotyczy udziału w wyborach do rad powiatów i miast na prawach powiatów województwa zachodniopomorskiego komitetów wyborczych tworzonych przez organizacje społeczne. Postawiono następujące pytania badawcze: w jakich powiatach i miastach powoływano komitety wyborcze organizacji społecznych? Jakie wyniki wyborcze uzyskiwały takie komitety? Czy te same organizacje tworzyły komitety w kolejnych wyborach? Tworzenie komitetów wyborczych przez stowarzyszenia było na terenie województwa zachodniopomorskiego zjawiskiem rzadkim. Pojawiły się w trakcie różnych wyborów w ośmiu powiatach (na osiemnaście) oraz trzech największych miastach regionu. Rosło nie tylko poparcie dla takich komitetów wyborczych, ale również liczba zdobywanych przez nie mandatów. W trzech powiatach ich czas działania przekraczał jedynie jedną elekcję. Były liczącym się graczem na scenie politycznej, a ich zasięg działania obejmował nie tylko wybory powiatowe, ale i gminne.
    For the first time in the elections to the local government in Poland, various parties, political parties, party coalitions, social organizations and voters were allowed to appoint election committees. This article focuses on the scope of participation of the election committees created by social organizations in the elections to the district councils and city councils in the West Pomeranian districts. The following research questions were posed: In which counties and cities there were electoral committees appointed by social organisations? What results did these committees obtain? Did these organizations form committees during the next election? Appointment of electoral committees by social associations was quite rare phenomenon in the West Pomeranian region. Such committees emerged during various elections in eight counties (eight form eighteen existing) and in the three largest cities of the region. Such election committees were gaining more support, and thus the number of seats gained by them increased. In three districts their operating time exceeded the period of one election. These committees were considered a major player on the political scene, and their scope of action involved not only the district elections, but also the municipal areas.
    Źródło:
    Acta Politica Polonica; 2017, 42, 4; 83-93
    2451-0432
    2719-4388
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Politica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Voters’ Attitudes towards the Separation of Church and State in the Context of the Left–Right Division on the Polish Political Scene
    Wyborcy wobec rozdziału Kościoła i państwa w kontekście podziału lewica–prawica na polskiej scenie politycznej
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Iwański, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2163346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    secularization
    Catholicism in Poland
    electoral participation
    the left
    the right
    sekularyzacja
    katolicyzm
    w Polsce
    partycypacja wyborcza
    lewica
    prawica
    Opis:
    The article presents the research results concerning the attitude of Poles towards the presence of the Church in public life. The research was conducted in 2019 on a national sample size (n = 2110) based on stratified quota sampling method. The majority of the surveyed supported the division of the Church and state, at the same time accepting the presence of Christian values in the activities of state institutions. The surveyed definitely disagreed with the statement that the Church may support particular candidates in elections. The declared political preferences of the respondents proved to be significant, as well as wealth and place of residence. The supporters of the division of Church and state were more frequently respondents with leftist preferences rather than rightist, wealthier rather than poorer, and residing in cities rather than in the country.
    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące opinii Polaków wobec aktywności Kościoła w życiu publicznym. Badania przeprowadzono w 2019 roku na ogólnopolskiej próbie badawczej (n = 2110) opartej o dobór kwotowo-warstwowy. Większość badanych poparła rozdział Kościoła od państwa, a jednocześnie akceptowała obecność wartości chrześcijańskich w działaniach przedstawicieli instytucji państwa. Badani stanowczo sprzeciwili się popieraniu przez Kościół kandydatów w wyborach. Istotne okazały się deklarowane preferencje polityczne, zamożność oraz miejsce zamieszkania respondentów. Zwolennikami rozdziału Kościoła od państwa były częściej osoby o poglądach lewicowych niż prawicowych, zamożniejsze niż biedniejsze, mieszkające w miastach niż mieszkańcy wsi.
    Źródło:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2022, 75; 50-64
    1505-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Voters’ Attitudes towards the Gender Quota System in Elections in Poland and the Possibility of Its Modification
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Iwański, Rafał
    Zawadzka, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411143.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
    Tematy:
    women’s parity
    political preferences
    right-wing
    left-wing
    gender quotas
    Opis:
    The article concerns the support for the gender quota system in the elections in Poland. The research was conducted on a double sample of adults for a representative national research, by means of quota sampling method (n = 2119). The respondents who believed that there is insufficient representation of women in parliament outnumbered those with the opposite opinion. We have observed a reluctance among the respondents to introduce solutions aimed at strengthening women’s representation. The difference in views were determined by political preferences, gender, age, domicile, and education. Women and leftist supporters more frequently believed that there are too few women in parliament and supported quotas, as opposed to men and persons with right-wing views. The differences were observed in the youngest age category, where women more often opted for quotas than men.
    Źródło:
    Historia i Polityka; 2023, 46 (53); 105-120
    1899-5160
    2391-7652
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia i Polityka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Realizacja systemu kwotowego w kontekście miejsc kobiet na listach wyborczych. Wybory do Sejmiku Województwa Zachodniopomorskiego
    Implementation of the quota system in the context of women’s places on electoral lists. Elections to the Regional Council of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
    Внедрение системы квот в контексте мест женщин в избирательных списках. Выборы в Сеймик Западно-Поморского воеводства
    Autorzy:
    Tomczak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/568337.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    local government elections
    quota systems
    women in elections
    political parties
    местные выборы
    системы квот
    женщины на выборах
    политические партии
    Opis:
    The article discusses the problem of implementing a quota system in placing gender representatives on electoral lists in local government elections. The research covers elections to the Regional Council (Sejmik) of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in years 2010, 2014 and 2018. The following research questions were posed: Was the number of women on the lists of individual committees greater than the statutory requirements? What places did women take on these lists? Which places on the lists allowed women to win tickets? The research focus concerns electoral committees that participated in the distribution of seats. After the introduction of quotas, the number of women on electoral lists has increased. The percentage of women on the lists was higher than the assumed amount. The representation of women was delivered in accordance with the requirements of the ordinance, but no attempt was made to provide such representation within particular places. The percentage of women taking the first places on the lists was actually smaller than the accepted amount. The increase in number and proportion of women present on electoral lists has not contributed to the increase of representation of women in the Regional Council. In the elections using the quota system, the number of elected women has been lower than expected.
    В статье рассматривается проблема внедрения системы квот для включения представителей пола в избирательные списки на выборах в местные органы власти. Исследование охватывает выборы в Сеймик Западно-Поморского воеводства в 2010, 2014 и 2018 годах. Были заданы следующие вопросы исследования: было ли количество женщин в списках отдельных комитетов больше, чем предписанные законом требования? Какие места заняли женщины в списках? Из каких мест в списке женщины выиграли мандаты? Основное внимание было уделено избирательным комитетам, которые участвовали в распределении мест. После введения квот число женщин в избирательных списках увеличилось. Процент женщин в списках был выше, чем предполагаемая квота. Представительство женщин было обеспечено в соответствии с требованиями закона, однако не были предприняты никакие попытки обеспечить такое представительство в определенных местах. Во-первых, процент женщин в списках был меньше принятой квоты. На первых местах процент женщин в списках был меньше принятой квоты. Увеличение числа и процента женщин в избирательных списках не способствовало увеличению представительства женщин в Сеймике. На выборах с использованием системы квот число избранных женщин было меньше.
    Źródło:
    Nowa Polityka Wschodnia; 2019, 2(21); 58-71
    2084-3291
    Pojawia się w:
    Nowa Polityka Wschodnia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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