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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Rodzinny kapitał społeczny a wzrost gospodarczy w Polsce
    Family Based Social Capital and Economic Growth in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20196997.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Social Capital
    Economic Growth
    Polska
    Opis:
    Economic growth is mostly explained by investments and employment growth. Since the mid 1990s various social categories have been introduced into the economic growth analysis such as trust, crime and income inequality etc. According to sociology and psychology, it is the family that constitutes interpersonal ties and is an indicator of happiness and quality of life. It can be said that happy people better fulfil their social roles and also work better. We set a hypothesis that the family ties have an influence on economic growth. More precisely: the more divorces (compared to newly couples), the slower economic growth. This hypothesis was confirmed in an analysis of Poland’s economy in the years 1967–2006. Due to the disintegration of family ties measured by the above mentioned divorce rate Poland’s annual economic growth was slowed by about a 0.6 percentage point on average. This estimation is based on a GDP growth model which, along with the divorce rate, also includes employment dynamics, invest rate and crime rate.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2009, 12, 1; 225-244
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Economic growth and the optimal inequality of income
    Autorzy:
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653292.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    income inequality
    economic growth
    optimal inequality
    Opis:
    Inequality of income is one of the significant factors forming social capital. Two views dominate among economists dealing with the influence of income inequality on economic growth. On the one hand, a too low level of income inequality does not motivate people to increase their labour productivity. Low inequality of income might result from an extended social care system and a GDP burdened with social transfers. A good example may be a situation when an unemployed person refuses to accept a job offer and prefers unemployment benefits to a slightly higher salary. Moreover, a lack of incentives for an employee who fails to acknowledge the economic sense of increasing the productivity of his or her work might lead to a slower growth of the economy. On the other hand, a contrary view suggests that an increase in inequality of income has a negative impact on the economy. The accumulation of wealth by a small number of citizens raises doubts about the good use of that wealth for the investments necessary for the growth of the economy. Excessive inequality of income is confronted with the disapproval of a significant part of society and is regarded as unfair and unjustified. It may also increase the crime rate, decrease trust and, more generally, lead to the weakening of social capital. The arguments presented above lead to the hypothesis that the influence of income inequality on the growth of the economy has a non-linear, parabolic character. We have confirmed this hypothesis in growth models of the US and Swedish economies. We assess the historically optimal inequality of income measured by the Gini coefficient at 46% and 24% for the US and Sweden, respectively. The optimal inequality of income for Poland was assessed previously at 29%. The dissimilarities may result from differences in culture, society, educational level and diligence.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 8; 89-99
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wzrost gospodarczy a optymalne zróżnicowanie dochodów w USA i Szwecji
    Economic Growth and the Optimal Inequality of Income in the US and Sweden
    Autorzy:
    Pawlak, Witold
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008-05-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    income inequality
    economic growth
    optimal inequality
    Opis:
    Inequality of incomes is one of the significant factors forming the social capital. Two views dominate among economists dealing with the influence of inequality of income on economic growth. On the one hand, a too low inequality of income does not motivate people to increase the labour productivity. A low inequality of income might result from an extended social care system and overloading GDP with social transfers. A good example of it may be a situation when the unemployed refuses to accept a job offer and prefers the unemployment benefit rather to a slightly higher salary. Moreover, a lack of incentives for the employee who fails to acknowledge the economic sense of increasing the productivity of his work might lead to the slower growth of economy. On the other hand, a contrary view suggests that an increase of the inequality of income has a negative impact on the economy. The accumulation of wealth by a small number of citizens raises doubts about good use of that wealth for investments necessary for the growth of the economy. An excessive inequality of income is confronted with disapproval of the significant part of society and regarded as unfair and unjustified. It may also increase the crime level and decrease the trust and, more generally, lead to the weakening of social capital. The arguments above lead to a hypothesis that the influence of the inequality of income on the growth of the economy has a non-linear character. We confirmed this hypothesis in growth models of the US and Swedish economies. We assess the historically optimal inequality of income measured by the Gini coefficient at 46% and 24% for the US and Sweden respectively. The optimal inequality of income in Poland was assessed previously at 29%. The dissimilarities may result from the cultural differences, educational level differences, ethnic differences and differences in diligence.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 1
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kryzys gospodarczy a kryzys rodziny – analizy symulacyjne
    Economic Crisis and Family Crisis – Econometric Simulations
    Autorzy:
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Zatoń, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468856.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    family social capital
    marriages
    divorces
    economic growth
    economic crisis
    Opis:
    In the article we test the hypothesis that the weakening of family ties, as measured by reduction of marriages and a cascade of divorces, caused economic slowdown in Poland. We also suppose (second hypothesis) that the level of economic growth and welfare facilitate life for oneself, make the individuals apart thus limiting the number of marriages and resulting in increasing number of divorces. We verify these hypotheses by using an econometric model of economic growth with social equity of the family. The model consists of 9 equations (5 stochastic and 4 identities) and exhibits the feedback between GDP and some variables representing social capital, marriages disintegration ratio especially. We have run several simulation scenarios changing efficiency of enforcement of penalties, GINI coefficient, marriages disintegration ratio. We also made a forecast for Polish families disintegration in period 2009–2011 assuming different GDP growth. The results confirmed both hypotheses. In further studies we plan to verify the more complex hypothesis of the existence of an optimal GDP growth rate for the disintegration of marriages.
    Źródło:
    Prakseologia; 2010, 150; 109-128
    0079-4872
    Pojawia się w:
    Prakseologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Marriage, divorce and economic growth
    Małżeństwa, rozwody i wzrost gospodarczy
    Autorzy:
    Baranowski, Paweł
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653098.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    divorce rate
    economic growth
    the European Union
    social capital
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to estimate the impact of the so-called family social capital (family ties capital) on economic growth. We hypothesise that marital dissolution expresses decrease in the capacity for cooperation, collaboration and sharing responsibility not only within the family but also on a professional level. Thus, an increase in the divorce to marriage rate is accompanied by a slowdown in economic growth. The divorce rate is regarded here as an indirect cause of the slowdown. The reasons stem from the breakdown of cooperation and collaboration, as well as increased risk, trust reduction, and the shortening of the decision-making time horizon accompanying divorces and resulting from divorces. These phenomena directly affect the working members of the family in which a divorce takes place. According to the main hypothesis, their impact is transferred to professional life and concerns employee teams. For the study, we employ econometric models, the first one for Poland and the second for 15 European Union countries, for the period 1993–2017.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2019, 22, 1; 53-67
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Family and economic growth in Poland. New estimation results
    Autorzy:
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653289.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    economic growth
    family
    Work-Family Balance
    econometric model
    marriage
    divorce
    Opis:
    Economic growth is mostly explained by investments and employment growth. Since the mid-1990s various social categories have been introduced into the economic growth analysis, such as trust, crime and income inequality, etc. According to sociology and psychology, it is the family that constitutes interpersonal relationships and is an indicator of happiness and quality of life. It can be said that happy people better fulfil their social roles and also work better. We put forward the hypothesis that family ties have an influence on economic growth. More precisely: the more divorces (relative to existing marriages) there are, the slower economic growth is. This hypothesis was confirmed in an analysis of Poland’s economy in the years 1995–2017. Due to the disintegration of family ties measured by the divorce rate, Poland’s annual economic growth was slowed by about a 1 percentage point on average. This estimation is based on the productivity (GDP to labor ratio) growth model which, along with the divorce rate, also includes the investment and new marriage rates.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 8; 101-118
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rodzinny kapitał społeczny a wzrost gospodarczy – analiza dla Polski i 15 krajów Unii Europejskiej
    Family Social Capital and Economic Growth – Analysis for Poland and 15 EU Countries
    Autorzy:
    Baranowski, Paweł
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20254734.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    divorces
    economic growth
    social capital
    family-based social capital
    family
    family breakdown
    Opis:
    Social capital representing among other things voluntary cooperation, social networks density and generalized trust has become popular in economics in the 90s. A number of papers has confirmed positive relationship between social capital measures and economic growth. In our opinion family-based social capital (representing the integrity of families) is important component of social capital. Sociological and psychological knowledge allow us to identify the family as a source of human bonds, man’s happiness and life quality. Presumably happy persons better fulfill their social and economic roles. For example – they work and cooperate more efficiently. Therefore, we have formulated a hypothesis that the family social capital – family bonds – have an influence on economic growth. Being more precise, the bigger the number of divorces in relation to contracted marriages as an indicator of family disintegration, the slower is economic growth. This hypothesis has been confirmed in the Polish economy in the years 1963–2006 as well as in the 15 European Union countries panel data (1972–2007). The estimations are based on the econometric model of GDP growth, into which, alongside the divorces/marriages ratio (family disintegration) investment rate, labour growth and CPI inflation have been introduced. Our results indicate that when divorces/marriages ratio rise by 10 p.p. economic growth lowers in 15 European Union countries by 0.5 p.p. The same in Poland makes economic growth lower by 1.8 p.p. These results are not fully comparable, due to differences in model specification and analyzed periods.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2011, 14, 1; 157-170
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Generalized Trust, Helpfulness, Fairness and Growth in European Countries A Revised Analysis
    Zgeneralizowane zaufanie, skłonność do udzielania pomocy, poczucie uczciwości innych a wzrost ekonomiczny w Europie. Zmodyfikowane ujęcie
    Autorzy:
    Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
    Ambroziak, Ewa
    Starosta, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106289.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-14
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    społeczny kapitał pomostowy
    zgeneralizowane zaufanie
    pomocniczość
    uczciwość
    wzrost ekonomiczny
    Europa
    bridging social capital
    trust
    helpfulness
    fairness
    economic growth
    Europe
    Opis:
    This research is an attempt to assess the impact of trust, helpfulness, and fairness on economic growth in Europe. The first part of the paper highlights the concept of social capital and the related concept of trust, while the second part gives an overview of selected research hitherto conducted on the subject. The third part presents an econometric growth model based on a modified Cobb‑Douglas production function. The model we propose includes three interrelated variables: generalized trust, helpfulness, and fairness, which can be combined into an aggregated variable, called ‘cooperation capital’. The pooled sample covers the years 2006–2018 and includes 22 European countries. European Social Survey data provides a chance to examine the previously inaccessible measurement of the impact of bridging social capital increase on economic growth. The results suggest that approximately 1/8 of economic growth (measured by the GDP growth rate) may be ascribed to the effect of an increase in cooperation capital. In addition, 86% of this effect occurs with a 1–4 year lag. The three‑component cooperation capital explains economic growth better than generalized trust exclusively. The estimated model suggests that an increase in helpfulness among people has the largest impact on economic growth. As the outcomes of this research also clearly show, fairness and trust are key factors for economic growth in Europe.
    Celem artykułu jest próba oszacowania wpływu postaw zaufania, pomocniczości i uczciwości na wzrost gospodarczy w krajach Europy. W pierwszej części tekstu skupiono uwagę na prezentacji koncepcji kapitału społecznego i na związanym z nim pojęciu zaufania, natomiast w kolejnej części dokonano selektywnego przeglądu literatury dotyczącej wpływu zaufania na rozwój ekonomiczny. Część trzecia zawiera prezentację ekonometrycznego modelu wzrostu gospodarczego, bazującego na zmodyfikowanej funkcji produkcji Cobba‑Douglasa. Zaproponowany model zawiera trzy powiązane ze sobą zmienne: zgeneralizowane zaufanie, skłonność do udzielania pomocy (pomocniczość) oraz deklarowaną postawę stopnia uczciwości innych ludzi, które wyrażone są w postaci zmiennej zagregowanej, nazwanej przez autorów kapitałem współpracy. Próba badawcza, będąca podstawą analiz empirycznych, odnosi się do kolejnych rund badań przeprowadzonych w latach 2006–2018 w ramach Europejskiego Sondażu Społecznego w 22 krajach Europy. Dane zawarte w Europejskim Sondażu Społecznym, wykraczające poza wąsko rozumiane zjawisko zaufania, dają pewną szansę na weryfikację niezbyt dotychczas dokładnego pomiaru wpływu kapitału współpracy i pomostowego na kształtowanie się poziomu wzrostu ekonomicznego. Uzyskane rezultaty analiz wskazują, iż w przybliżeniu 1/8 wzrostu (mierzonego wielkością stopy wzrostu GDP) może być traktowana jako efekt wzrostu zgeneralizowanego zaufania, pomocniczości i uczciwości. Ponadto odnotowano, iż 86% tego wpływu ujawnia się z opóźnieniem od roku do 4 lat. Przyjęte do analizy trzy zmienne cząstkowe lepiej wyjaśniają zmienność wzrostu gospodarczego niż wyłącznie poziom zaufania, który stanowił jedyną kategorię wyjaśniającą w większości dotychczasowych analiz. Wyestymowany przez autorów model sugeruje, iż spośród trzech analizowanych zmiennych cząstkowych największy wpływ na zmienność ekonomicznego wzrostu ma skłonność do wzajemnego udzielania sobie pomocy przez ludzi. Nie podważa to jednak faktu, że również zaufanie i uczciwość to istotne czynniki wpływające na wzrost gospodarczy w badanych krajach Europy.
    Źródło:
    Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2022, 25, 3; 135-160
    1508-2008
    2082-6737
    Pojawia się w:
    Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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