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Tytuł:
Ocena skuteczności pochłaniania mikrofal przez różne osnowy mas formierskich
Evaluation of the Microwaves Absorption Effectiveness by Various Moulding Sand Matrixes
Autorzy:
Mażulis, J.
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
masa formierska
mikrofale
suszenie
piasek chromitowy
piasek cyrkonowy
piasek kwarcowy
moulding sand
microwaves
drying
quartz sand
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesu suszenia mas formierskich i rdzeniowych sporządzonych z różnymi gatunkami osnowy. Zawartość wody w masach formierskich, podobnie jak rodzaj zastosowanej osnowy, ma istotny wpływ na jakość wytwarzanych odlewów. W badaniach zastosowano unikatowe stanowisko mikrofalowej linii szczelinowej, umożliwiające ocenę, na podstawie pomiaru parametrów dielektrycznych, wielkości strat mocy emitowanego sygnału mikrofalowego penetrującego próbki stosowanych w odlewnictwie gatunków osnowy: chromitowej, cyrkonowej i kwarcowej. Dzięki zastosowaniu unikatowego, prototypowego stanowiska badawczego możliwym było usystematyzowanie wiedzy na temat wpływu parametrów dielektrycznych zastosowanych w badaniach gatunków piasku na skuteczność pochłaniania mikrofal przez sporządzone z nimi masy formierskie, a zatem na efektywność mikrofalowych procesów dosuszania, suszenia i utwardzania przez dehydratację tych mas. Wyniki badań wykazały jednoznacznie wpływ składu chemicznego (mineralogicznego) zastosowanych gatunków osnowy na proces pochłaniania mikrofal oraz wyznaczyły nowe obszary zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesów odlewniczych.
This paper presents the results of studies on the possibility of applying microwaves to support the drying process of molding and core sands made of different types of matrix. The water content in sand molds as well as the type of used matrix has a significant impact on the quality of produced castings. In the research a unique microwave slot line measuring stand was used. Being based on the dielectric parameter measurement it enabled the evaluation of power losses of microwave penetrating molding and core sands samples such as: chromite, zircon and quartz. The knowledge about the influence of dielectric parameters on microwave absorption effectiveness depending on used in the research sand types was systematized. Thus it was possible to specify the efficiency of microwave drying, re drying and hardening of particular molding sands as a result of dehydration. The results of the survey pointed out the impact of the chemical (mineralogical) composition of used matrix types on the microwave absorption process as also determined new fields of microwaves application as a support of foundry processes.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 2 spec.; 74-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Temperature on Chromite-Based Moulding Sands Bonded with Sodium Silicate
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Kamiński, M.
Granat, K.
Pałyga, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
chromite sand
moulding sand
baking temperature
sodium silicate
odlewnictwo
piasek formierski
masa formierska
temperatura zapiekania
krzemian sodu
Opis:
In the paper, a research on effects of baking temperature on chromite sand base of moulding sands bonded with sodium silicate is presented. Pure chromite sand and its chromite-based moulding sand prepared with use of sodium silicate were subjected to heating within 100 to 1200 °C. After cooling-down, changes of base grains under thermal action were determined. Chromite moulding sand was prepared with use of 0.5 wt% of domestic made, unmodified sodium silicate (water-glass) grade 145. After baking at elevated temperatures, creation of rough layer was observed on grain surfaces, of both pure chromite sand and that used as base of a moulding sand. Changes of sand grains were evaluated by scanning microscopy and EDS analyses. It was found that changes on grain surfaces are of laminar nature. The observed layer is composed of iron oxide (II) that is one of main structural components of chromite sand. In order to identify changes in internal structure of chromite sand grains, polished sections were prepared of moulding sand hardened with microwaves and baked at elevated temperatures. Microscopic observations revealed changes in grains structure in form of characteristically crystallised acicular particles with limited magnesium content, intersecting at various angles. EDS analysis showed that these particles are composed mostly of chromium oxide (III) and iron oxide (II). The temperature above that the a.m. changes are observed in both chromite-based moulding sand and in pure chromite sand. The observed phenomena were linked with hardness values and mass of this sand.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 147-152
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Temperature on Chromite-Based Moulding Sands Bonded with Sodium Silicate
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Kamiński, M.
Granat, K.
Pałyga, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381070.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
chromite sand
moulding sand
baking temperature
sodium silicate
odlewnictwo
piasek formierski
masa formierska
temperatura zapiekania
krzemian sodu
Opis:
In the paper, a research on effects of baking temperature on chromite sand base of moulding sands bonded with sodium silicate is presented. Pure chromite sand and its chromite-based moulding sand prepared with use of sodium silicate were subjected to heating within 100 to 1200°C. After cooling-down, changes of base grains under thermal action were determined. Chromite moulding sand was prepared with use of 0.5 wt% of domestic made, unmodified sodium silicate (water-glass) grade 145. After baking at elevated temperatures, creation of rough layer was observed on grain surfaces, of both pure chromite sand and that used as base of a moulding sand. Changes of sand grains were evaluated by scanning microscopy and EDS analyses. It was found that changes on grain surfaces are of laminar nature. The observed layer is composed of iron oxide (II) that is one of main structural components of chromite sand. In order to identify changes in internal structure of chromite sand grains, polished sections were prepared of moulding sand hardened with microwaves and baked at elevated temperatures. Microscopic observations revealed changes in grains structure in form of characteristically crystallised acicular particles with limited magnesium content, intersecting at various angles. EDS analysis showed that these particles are composed mostly of chromium oxide (III) and iron oxide (II). The temperature above that the a.m. changes are observed in both chromite-based moulding sand and in pure chromite sand. The observed phenomena were linked with hardness values and mass of this sand.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 95-100
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovative microwave hardening of water-glass containing sandmixes in technical-economic approach
Autorzy:
Małachowska, A.
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
mikrofale
szkło wodne
masa formierska
masa rdzeniowa
innovative foundry technologies
microwave hardening
water glass
moulding sand
core sand
Opis:
In recent years, observed is increasing interest in sandmixes containing inorganic binders. These binders, including also water-glass, are harmless for the environment, neutral for humans and relatively cheap. In spite of numerous advantages, their wide application is restricted by poor knock-out properties and problems related to rebonding. Therefore, numerous researches aimed at eliminating disadvantages of water-glass binder are directed, among others, to modifying structure of hydrated sodium silicate or to applying new hardening techniques. The innovative method of rapid hardening by microwave heating, that permits restricting quantity of used binder and thus improving knock-out properties, meets expectations of present-day foundries. In this paper, compiled is available information on microwave hardening of water-glass containing sandmixes, as well as costs of practical application of this technology are evaluated on the ground of own research.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1; 75-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of sand base preparation on properties of chromite moulding sands with sodium silicate hardened with selected methods
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Pałyga, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
chromite sand
hydrated sodium silicate
strength properties
microwave hardening
Opis:
The paper presents a research on the relation between thermal preparation of chromite sand base of moulding sands containing sodium silicate, hardened with selected physical and chemical methods, and structure of the created bonding bridges. Test specimens were prepared of chromite sand - fresh or baked at 950°C for 10 or 24 hours - mixed with 0.5 wt.% of the selected non-modified inorganic binder and, after forming, were hardened with CO2 or liquid esters, dried traditionally or heated with microwaves at 2.45 GHz. It was shown on the grounds of SEM observations that the time of baking the base sand and the hardening method significantly affect structure of the bonding bridges and are correlated with mechanical properties of the moulding sands. It was found that hardening chromite-based moulding mixtures with physical methods is much more favourable than hardening with chemical methods, guaranteeing also more than ten times higher mechanical properties.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 379-383
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction of Properties of Microwave-Hardened Sandmixes Containing Water-Glass with Use of Neural Networks
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Pałyga, Ł.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
artificial neural network
loose self-hardening sand
moulding sand
water glass
microwave
odlewnictwo
sztuczna sieć neuronowa
sypka masa samoutwardzalna
masa formierska
szkło wodne
mikrofala
Opis:
Presented are results of a research on the possibility of using artificial neural networks for forecasting mechanical and technological parameters of moulding sands containing water-glass, hardened in the innovative microwave heating process. Trial predictions were confronted with experimental results of examining sandmixes prepared on the base of high-silica sand, containing various grades of sodium water-glass and additions of a wetting agent. It was found on the grounds of obtained values of tensile strength and permeability that, with use of artificial neural networks, it is possible complex forecasting mechanical and technological properties of these materials after microwave heating and the obtained data will be used in further research works on application of modern analytic methods for designing production technology of high-quality casting cores and moulds.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2; 99-104
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the Microwave Absorbing Effectiveness by the Selected Molding Sands Matrixes
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Więcławek, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
microwaves
quartz sand
absorption
water
odlewnictwo
mikrofale
piasek kwarcowy
absorpcja
woda
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the absorption effectiveness measured for electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2.45 GHz penetrating selected quartz mold and core sands matrixes. Research was conducted with a usage of the unique microwave slot line for assessing, on the basis of the measured parameters of looseness, the effectiveness of microwaves absorbing capacity by the matrixes of molding sands. Examinations were focused on the high-silica quartz matrixes from various mines with a different grain size composition and humidity. Usage of the unique measuring device, designed especially for this type of research, has made possibility to systematize knowledge of the dynamics and efficiency of microwaves absorption while penetrating humid matrix of molding sands. Analysis of the study results indicate, that the process of microwaves absorbing is affect, in addition to water located on the matrix grains surfaces, by the grain size distribution and the origin of the quartz sand.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 1 spec.; 175-180
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of Glassex additive on properties of microwave-hardened and self-hardened moulding sands with water glass
Autorzy:
Major-Gabryś, K.
Dobosz, S. M.
Jakubski, J.
Stachowicz, M.
Nowak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
masa formierska
szkło wodne
mikrofale
moulding sand
water glass
ester hardener
microwave hardening
Opis:
The article takes into consideration the researches concerning inserting the Glassex additive to the microwaved-hardened and self-hardened moulding sands with water glass. In the research different types of ester hardeners to self-hardened moulding sands with water glass were used. The influence of Glassex additive on retained strength of moulding sands with different hardeners and prepared by different technologies of hardening were tested. The influence of different hardeners and the technology of hardening on retained strength of moulding sand with water glass and the Glassex additive were also estimated.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1; 130-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Możliwości regeneracji zużytych spoiw na przykładzie mas formierskich ze szkłem wodnym utwardzonych suszeniem klasycznym
Possibilities of waste binder reclamation using the example of moulding sands with water glass hardened by the conventional drying process
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Odlewnictwa
Tematy:
masa formierska
szkło wodne
suszenie
utwardzanie
regeneracja
moulding sand
water glass
drying
hardening
reclamation
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wstępnych nad możliwością zastosowania innowacyjnych zabiegów aktywacji spoiw nieorganicznych w trakcie procesu regeneracji zużytych, utwardzanych w procesie suszenia klasycznego mas formierskich ze szkłem wodnym. Przeznaczoną do badań masę, sporządzoną z piasku kwarcowego i wybranego szkła wodnego sodowego gatunku 145, poddawano następującym etapom przerobu: mieszanie składników, zagęszczanie, suszenie w temperaturze 100°C w celu utwardzenia, studzenie, obciążanie termiczne formy do temperatury 800°C, studzenie do temperatury otoczenia, wybijanie formy, regeneracja mechaniczna sucha i mokra w celu przywrócenia właściwości wiążących masie. Do badań wytypowano kilka sposobów przerobu zużytej masy, w których zastosowano między innymi: zjawiska powierzchniowe towarzyszące regeneracji mechanicznej połączonej z odpylaniem odseparowanego od ziaren osnowy kwarcowej przereagowanego termicznie spoiwa. Wykonano również badania nad możliwością stosowania elementów regeneracji mokrej w celu rehydratacji przereagowanego termicznie spoiwa. Dla określenia skuteczności proponowanych sposobów aktywacji, po ich przeprowadzeniu mierzono wybrane parametry wytrzymałościowe. W trakcie badań ujawniono wpływ, między innymi: zastosowanych urządzeń aktywujących i odpylania w trakcie regeneracji wstępnej masy. Stwierdzono, że istnieje możliwość częściowego przywrócenia zdolności do wiązania spoiwa w zużytej, w odpowiedni sposób przerobionej masie formierskiej zawierającej szkło wodne, pod warunkiem stosowania fizycznych metod jej utwardzania. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań, w tym także obserwacji powierzchni ziaren osnowy w regenerowanej masie, umożliwiają wytypowanie najkorzystniejszych zabiegów przerobu zużytych mas formierskich do stosowania w innowacyjnym procesie cyklicznego ich odświeżania. Wyniki badań przybliżają możliwość stosowania ekologicznej, innowacyjnej metody odświeżania mas formierskich z nieorganicznymi spoiwami utwardzanymi metodami fizycznymi, tak aby pełniły one rolę alternatywnej technologii dla tradycyjnych mas obiegowych.
The article presents the results of preliminary studies on the possible application of innovative activation treatments of inorganic binders during the reclamation of waste water glass moulding sands hardened by conventional drying. The test moulding mixture based on silica sand and selected sodium water glass in grade 145 was subjected to the following processing steps: mixing of components, compaction, drying at 100°C for hardening, cooling, thermal loading of mould up to a temperature of 800°C, cooling to ambient temperature, knocking out, and dry or wet mechanical reclamation to restore the sand mixture binding properties. Several waste sand processing techniques were chosen; they use, among other things, various surface phenomena usually accompanying the mechanical reclamation combined with dedusting of the thermally reacted binder separated from the base silica sand grains. Studies also covered possible use of some elements of the wet reclamation process to rehydrate the thermally reacted binder. To check the effectiveness of the proposed methods of activation, after their implementation, selected strength parameters were measured. Studies disclosed, moreover, the importance of the type of device used for the activation and dust removal during the preliminary reclamation of moulding sand. The possibility of restoring partially the binder ability to bond the waste and properly processed moulding sand containing sodium silicate has been confirmed, providing physical methods which are applied for its hardening. The results of conducted tests, including examination of the surface of sand grains in the reclaimed mixture, allowed selecting the best method that can be used for the waste moulding sand treatment in an innovative process of the periodical sand rebonding. The results of tests highlight the possibility to use an eco-innovative method of rebonding the moulding sands with inorganic binders hardened by physical means and make them an alternative technology for the traditional system sands.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa; 2015, T. 55, nr 2, 2; 29-41
1899-2439
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term Effects of Relative Humidity on Properties of Microwave Hardened Moulding Sand with Sodium Silicate
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
sodium silicate
humidity
microwaves
high-silica sand
odlewnia
krzemian sodu
wilgotność
mikrofale
piasek kwarcowy
Opis:
Moulding sands containing sodium silicate (water-glass) belong to the group of porous mixture with low resistance to increased humidity. Thanks to hydrophilic properties of hardened or even overheated binder, possible is application of effective methods of hydrous reclamation consisting in its secondary hydration. For the same reason (hydrophilia of the binder), moulds and foundry cores made of high-silica moulding sands with sodium silicate are susceptible to the action of components of atmospheric air, including the contained steam. This paper presents results of a research on the effect of (relative) humidity on mechanical and technological properties of microwave-hardened moulding mixtures. Specimens of the moulding sand containing 1.5 wt% of sodium water-glass with module 2.5 were subjected, in a laboratory climatic chamber, to long-term action of steam contained in the chamber atmosphere. Concentration of water in atmospheric air was stabilized for 28 days (672 h) according to the relative humidity parameter that was ca. 40%, 60% and 80% at constant temperature 20 °C. In three cycles of the examinations, the specimens were taken out from the chamber every 7 days (168 h) and their mechanical and technological parameters were determined. It was found on the grounds of laboratory measurements that moulds and cores hardened with microwaves are susceptible to action of atmospheric air and presence of water (as steam) intensifies action of the air components on glassy film of sodium silicate. Microwave-hardened moulding sands containing sodium silicate may be stored on a long-term basis in strictly determined atmospheric conditions only, at reduced humidity. In spite of a negative effect of steam contained in the air, the examined moulding mixtures maintain a part of their mechanical and technological properties, so the moulds and foundry cores stored in specified, controlled conditions could be still used in manufacture.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 127-132
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Overheating Degree on Activation Efficiency of Water-glass Containing Sandmix Hardened by Traditional Drying
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
moulding sand
overheating degree
reclaimed binder
odlewnictwo
masa formierska
stopień przegrzania
spoiwo regenerowane
Opis:
Presented are results of a preliminary research on the possibility to use innovative operations of activating inorganic binders during a reclamation process of used sandmixes containing water-glass, hardened by traditional drying. The moulding sand to be examined was prepared of high-silica sand and the selected water-glass grade 145. Next, it was subject to mixing components, compacting, hardening by traditional drying at 100°C, thermal loading of the mould up to 800°C, cooling-down to ambient temperature, knocking-out, various kinds of mechanical dry and wet reclamation to restore bonding properties to the sandmix. For examinations, two ranges of overheating the mould were selected, determined on the grounds of final strength (Rctk) of the sandmixes. It was found, among others, that overheating and dedusting affect activation of a used sandmix. There is a possibility of partial restoring binding properties of the binder by its rehydration in used-up and properly processed moulding sand, provided that hardening was performed by a physical method.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2 spec.; 77-82
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Sand Base Grade and Density of Moulding Sands with Sodium Silicate on Effectiveness of Absorbing Microwaves
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
microwaves
sodium silicate
high-silica sand
lossiness measurements
odlewnia
mikrofale
krzemian sodowy
piasek kwarcowy
Opis:
In the paper, presented is a research on effectiveness of absorbing electromagnetic waves at frequency 2.45 GHz by unhardened moulding sands prepared of three kinds of high-silica base and a selected grade of sodium silicate. Measurements of power loss of microwave radiation (Pin) expressed by a total of absorbed power (Pabs), output power (Pout) and reflected power (Pref) were carried-out on a stand of semiautomatic microwave slot line. Values of microwave power loss in the rectangular waveguide filled with unhardened moulding sands served for determining effectiveness of microwave heating. Balance of microwave power loss is of technological and economical importance for manufacture of high-quality casting moulds and cores of various shapes and sizes. It was found that relative density influences parameters of power output and power reflected from samples of moulding sand placed in a waveguide. Absorption expressed by the parameter Pabs is not related to granularity of high-silica base: fine, medium and coarse. It was found that the semiautomatic microwave slot line supports evaluation of effectiveness of microwave absorption on the grounds of power loss measurements and enables statistic description of influence of relative density of the sandmix on penetration of electromagnetic waves in unhardened moulding sands.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 3; 103-108
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on Selected Types of Lustrous Carbon Carriers After the High - Temperature Pyrolysis
Autorzy:
Kamińska, Jadwiga
Stachowicz, M.
Kubecki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
green moulding sand
lustrous carbon
pyrolysis
core shooting
odlewnia
piasek formierski
węgiel błyszczący
piroliza
Opis:
For research purposes and to demonstrate the differences between materials obtained from the carbonaceous additives to classic green moulding sands, five lustrous carbon carriers available on the market were selected. The following carbonaceous additives were tested: two coal dusts (CD1 and CD2), two hydrocarbon resins (HR1 and HR2) and amorphous graphite (AG1). The studies of products and material effects resulting from the high-temperature pyrolysis of lustrous carbon carriers were focused on determining the tendency to gas evolution, including harmful compounds from the BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene). Moreover, the content of lustrous carbon (LC), the content of volatile matter and loss on ignition (LOI) of the carbonaceous additives were tested. The solid products formed during high-temperature pyrolysis were used for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of elemental composition after the exposure to temperatures of 875oC in a protective atmosphere and 950oC in an oxidizing atmosphere. The conducted studies have indicated the necessity to examine the additives to classic green moulding sands, which is of particular importance for the processing, rebonding and storage of waste sand. The studies have also revealed some differences in the quantitative and qualitative composition of elements introduced to classic moulding sands together with the carbonaceous additives that are lustrous carbon carriers. It was also considered necessary to conduct a research on lustrous carbon carriers for their proper and environmentally friendly use in the widely propagated technology of classic green sand system.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 1; 56-62
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola zagęszczenia mas formierskich ze spoiwami nieorganicznymi w kształtowaniu ich wytrzymałości osiąganych po utwardzaniu mikrofalowym
The role of the densification of moulding sands with inorganic binders in the modeling of their strength obtained after microwave hardening
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391650.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Odlewnictwa
Tematy:
odlewnictwo
masa formierska
uwodniony krzemian sodu
gęstość
mikrofale
casting
moulding sand
hydrated sodium silicate
density
microwave
Opis:
W pracy podjęto próbę uzupełnienia informacji na temat wpływu zagęszczenia masy formierskiej ze spoiwami nieorganicznymi na podstawowe parametry wytrzymałościowe, tj.: wytrzymałość na rozciąganie i zginanie mas formierskich z uwodnionym krzemianem sodu po procesie szybkiego nagrzewania mikrofalowego. W badaniach zastosowano świeży piasek kwarcowy średni oraz trzy gatunki handlowego niemodyfikowanego uwodnionego krzemianu sodu o module molowym (SiO2/Na2O) w przedziale od 1,9 do 3,4. Masy sporządzone z 0,5% cz. mas. wody i 1,5% cz. mas. spoiwa zagęszczano wibracyjnie tak, aby osiągnąć różną gęstość pozorną (ϱ0) masy formierskiej. Badane parametry wytrzymałościowe po utwardzeniu i ostudzeniu próbek mas odnoszono do gęstości pozornej. Wyniki badań nad wpływem zróżnicowanego zagęszczenia odnoszono do dostępnych danych literaturowych. Występowanie zależności między gęstością pozorną a wytrzymałością na rozciąganie i zginanie utwardzonych mas potwierdzono za pomocą modeli liniowych dla korzystnego nagrzewania mikrofalowego, podobnie jak to ma miejsce w dotychczas opisanych przypadkach stosowania chemicznych metod sieciowania spoiw nieorganicznych. Ponadto na podstawie wykonanych badań stwierdzono występowanie podobnych przyrostów wytrzymałości na skutek zmian gęstości pozornej mas nagrzewanych mikrofalowo do tych, które zaobserwowano w masach utwardzanych chemicznie. Wyniki badań posłużyły do oceny jakości spoiw chemicznych stosowanych w odlewnictwie według kryteriów wytrzymałości przypadających na 1% wag. spoiwa w masie. W przypadku wszystkich badanych spoiw nieorganicznych stwierdzono korzystny stosunek wytrzymałości przeliczonej na udział 1% wag. spoiwa powyżej wartości 1,20 g/cm3 gęstości pozornej mas na osnowie piasku kwarcowego średniego.
The study attempts to complement the information on the effect of the density of moulding sands with inorganic binders on basic strength parameters, i.e. the tensile and bending strength of moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate, after the process of fast microwave heating. The tests applied fresh medium quartz sand and three types of commercial non-modified hydrated sodium silicate with a molar module (SiO2/Na2O) ranging from 1.9 to 3.4. The masses made of 0.5 wt. % of water and 1.5 wt. % of binder underwent vibrational densification so as, to obtain different apparent densities (ϱ0) of the moulding sand. The examined strength parameters, after hardening and cooling of the mass samples, were compared to apparent density. The results of the studies of the effect of a diversified density were referred to in the literature data. The occurrence of relations between the apparent density and the tensile and bending strength of the hardened masses was confirmed by means of linear models for advantageous microwave heating, similarly to the previously discussed cases of the use of chemical methods of curing inorganic binders. Also, based on the performed tests, similar strength increases were established, as a result of the changes in the apparent density of the microwave heated masses to those which were observed in the chemically hardened masses. The tests results were used to evaluate the quality of the chemical binders applied in casting according to the strength criteria per 1 wt. % of binder in the mass. In the case of Poall the tested inorganic binders, an advantageous ratio of strength recalculated to 1 wt. % of binder above the value of 1.20 g/cm3 of the apparent density of the masses based on medium quartz sand, was established.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa; 2017, 57, 2; 103-113
1899-2439
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibility of utilizing thermosetting moulding sands by microwave heating
Autorzy:
Granat, K.
Nowak, D.
Stachowicz, M.
Pigiel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
microwave heating
thermosetting moulding sand
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
nagrzewanie mikrofalowe
masa formierska termoutwardzalna
Opis:
The paper presents a semi-industrial reactor designed for utilisation of waste moulds and cores made of thermosetting moulding sands by microwave incinerating. It was found that a possibility exists of effective incinerating residues of this kind waste cores or moulds left after casting. The research evidences that the apparatus permits effective control of the applied microwave heating process. Preliminary tests of microwave heating indicated that incinerating waste moulds and cores made of industrially used moulding sands based on phenolic-formaldehyde resins is an effective method of their utilization. Application of microwave heating for incinerating waste moulds and cores containing synthetic resins as binders guarantees significant and measurable economical benefits resulting from reduced process time.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 3 spec.; 71-74
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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