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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Availability, reliability and continuity in navigation and hydrography - terminology discussion
    Autorzy:
    Specht, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320472.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
    Tematy:
    nawigacja
    hydrografia
    żegluga
    navigation
    hydrography
    Opis:
    The problem of positioning for maritime navigation and hydrography purposes, seen only from the categories of the position error point of view, seems to have been solved on a global scale. In such a situation characteristics of radio-navigation systems such as: availability, reliability, continuity, integrity and ambiguity of position, which are equally important but often neglected, turn out to be essential. One may risk a claim that integrity and characteristics of reliability theorem origin: availability, reliability, continuity, treated on various levels of structures of radionavigation systems, now seem to be one of the main areas of research. This article presents an analysis of meanings like: availability, reliability and continuity based on navigation literature in the last twenty years. Its changeable nature and ambiguous definition of continuity have been discussed here.
    Źródło:
    Annual of Navigation; 2002, 4; 71-78
    1640-8632
    Pojawia się w:
    Annual of Navigation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Snapshot RAIM algorithms availability in urban areas
    Autorzy:
    Nowak, A.
    Specht, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320887.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
    Tematy:
    RAIM
    satelitarne systemy nawigacyjne
    satellite navigation systems
    Opis:
    This paper presents some theoretical considerations concerned usage of Snapshot RAIM algorithms in city navigation. Influence of urban areas on RAIM Availability and Approximate Radial-Error Protected (ARP) is taken into consideration. Some results of numerical experiments are presented, too.
    Źródło:
    Annual of Navigation; 2006, 11; 73-88
    1640-8632
    Pojawia się w:
    Annual of Navigation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Availability, reliability and continuity model of differential GPS transmission
    Autorzy:
    Specht, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320585.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
    Tematy:
    nawigacja satelitarna
    satelitarne systemy nawigacyjne
    GPS
    satellite navigation systems
    Opis:
    [from "Introduction"] The dissertation is divided into four chapters: Chapter I. "Terminological synthesis of concepts: availability, reliability and continuity in literature on navigation" - covers the study of literature in the field of navigation with regard to the three concepts discussed. They will be characterized with respect to both their nature, and methods of determination navigational purposes. As a result of the analysis, drawn will be conclusions related to the existing differences in perception of the terms, narrowing down of their meaning in navigation, as well as constraints of the models recommended. Chapter II. "General model of the availability, reliability and continuity" - here the definition of navigational structure will be constructed. This definition is indispensable for the process of system modeling. The mathematical model of alternative process with restoration will be worked out, based on the mathematical description of navigational systems’ states. As a result, mathematical relations of availability, reliability and continuity will be formulated, describing them on a general level. The same model will enable the transposition to time-related formulas, typical of a number navigation processes, i.e. processes - where distributions of lifetimes and times of failures are expressed by exponential equations. Chapter III. "Classical differential GPS systems"- the main thesis will be considered here and include structural models of differential DGPS transmission, providing, in this way, for making a separate individual navigational structure - differential GPS transmission. Consequently, models and measures of reliability, availability and continuity will be proposed for transmission of the RTCM messages (type 1 or 9-3) commonly used in navigation. Chapter IV. "Differential GPS system network" - presents the validation method of DGPS systems in the areas where multiple coverage of several radiobeacons and reference stations exists. An analogous method of modelling as in the classic systems is proposed. A general validation of transmission methods for differential GPS will also be proposed in this chapter. The issues considered in this dissertation, will exemplify a group of single element models - GPS telemetric transmission - within the complex structure of differential GPS. We can assume that a new scientific area will be opened for future deliberations in the fields related to: 1. Optimisation of decision making process when deploying maritime reference stations (DGPS) or land based (permanent GPS/RTK), taking into account: user reliability features, minimum requirements for the basin (area), maximization of task effectiveness and many others. 2. Advantages of multistation system nets in the aspect of position accuracy and operation reliability, also other typical features influencing exploitation. The mathematical model proposed in this dissertation, fills the gap concerning methodology used to determine the magnitude of reliability, continuity and transmission availability in differential GPS systems on surveying level. Thus, more effective way of use in navigation has been provided. General and particular theory introduced to describe navigation systems by means of reliability characteristics enables theoretical considerations over individual elements and easy integration into more complex structures.
    Źródło:
    Annual of Navigation; 2003, 5; 1-84
    1640-8632
    Pojawia się w:
    Annual of Navigation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An analytical method of the DGPS radiobeacon signal availability prediction
    Autorzy:
    Felski, A.
    Grabski, F.
    Specht, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
    Tematy:
    system radionawigacyjny
    radionavigation system
    Opis:
    The most popular method of determining availability of DGPS as a complex radionavigation system is the ratio of Mean Time Between Failures to total (i.e. sum MTBF and Mean Time To Repair). This simple method can be used only as a post processed method. The analytical method of availability prediction of the DGPS radio signals transmitted by the Marine Radiobeacons is discussed in the paper. Authors propose to determine it on the basis of such information like: type of RTCM message, signal to noise ratio, rate of corrections etc. To model the availability zones of each DGPS Reference Station these calculations can be used. The short version of this article was presented on the GNSS’99 Conference in Genoa. Now, the full version is presented. Some results of the implementation in practice for Polish DGPS Reference Station Rozewie are added.
    Źródło:
    Annual of Navigation; 1999, 1; 29-39
    1640-8632
    Pojawia się w:
    Annual of Navigation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wstępne wyniki badań dostępności sieci ASG-EUPOS podczas inwentaryzacji trasy kolejowej Kościerzyna - Kartuzy
    Preliminary research results of ASG-EUPOS network availability during surveying of Kościerzyna - Kartuzy railway route
    Autorzy:
    Koc, W.
    Specht, C.
    Nowak, A.
    Jurkowska, A.
    Chrostowski, P.
    Lewiński, L.
    Bornowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/130352.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    dostępność
    ASG-EUPOS
    trasa kolejowa
    availability
    railway
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów dostępności określonej wartości błędu współrzędnych, wyznaczonych przy wykorzystaniu sieci ASG-EUPOS, uzyskane podczas pomiarów inwentaryzacyjnych testowego odcinka linii kolejowej. Pomiary z wykorzystaniem 4 odbiorników GNSS przeprowadzono w miesiącu lutym bieżącego roku na odcinku trasy kolejowej: Kościerzyna – Kartuzy. Program badań zakładał montaż, na pokładzie platformy kolejowej napędzanej przez drezynę elektryczną, czterech zestawów pomiarowych odbiorników fazowych GPS System 1200 (Leica) wykorzystujących, dla wyznaczeń współrzędnych, Aktywną Sieć Geodezyjną EUPOS. Pomiary wykonano metodą RTK w serwisie czasu rzeczywistego NAWGEO przy wykorzystaniu poprawek powierzchniowych. W wyniku pomiarów uzyskano blisko 40 000 wyznaczeń współrzędnych każdej z anten. Artykuł przedstawia metodę realizacji pomiarów, matematyczny model wyznaczania dostępności określonej wartości błędu współrzędnych, który zastosowano do opracowania rezultatów, prezentując funkcje oraz graniczne wartości dostępności, przy założeniu progu decyzji pomiędzy stanem zdatności i niezdatności wynoszącym 10 cm. Ponadto w publikacji wskazano na obszary poznawcze w zakresie dalszych kierunków badań eksperymentalnych.
    The paper presents the research results of availability of defined coordinates error value, determined with the use of ASG-EUPOS network, during surveying measurements of a test railroad section. The experimental measurements with four sets of receivers GNSS were carried out on Kościerzyna-Kartuzy railway route, in February this year. The research program assumed installation of four sets of phase receivers GPS System 1200 (Leica), which used Active Geodetic Network EUPOS to calculate coordinates. The sets were installed on board of railroad platform driven by an electric trolley. The measurements were carried out by Real Time Kinematic method with NAWGEO surface correction. As a result of measurements, there were almost 40,000 coordinates determined for each of the antennas. The paper presents the procedure of measurements and the model of mathematical calculation of availability of defined coordinates error value, which was used in results analyses. It also presents the functions and border values of availability, based on the assumption of the decision threshold between the ability and disability states amounting to 10 cm. Moreover, the article indicates cognitive areas of further directions of experimental research.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2009, 19; 193-200
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A method for the assessing of reliability characteristics relevant to an assumed position-fixing accuracy in navigational positioning systems
    Autorzy:
    Specht, C.
    Rudnicki, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    reliability
    accuracy
    availability
    navigational positioning systems
    Opis:
    This paper presents a method which makes it possible to determine reliability characteristics of navigational positioning systems, relevant to an assumed value of permissible error in position fixing. The method allows to calculate : availability, reliability as well as operation continuity of position fixing system for an assumed, determined on the basis of formal requirements - both worldwide and national, position-fixing accuracy. The proposed mathematical model allows to satisfy, by any navigational positioning system, not only requirements as to position-fixing accuracy of a given navigational application ( for air, sea or land traffic ) but also the remaining characteristics associated with technical serviceability of a system. Essence of the method in question consists in the working-out of recorded empirical position-fixing data as well as the making use of multi-state Markov processes ( appropriate to a maximum error value permissible for various navigational applications ) as a result of which reliability characteristics based on real data would be determined. About usefulness of a given navigational positioning system for its possible application would decide a vector of variables (both dealing with position and reliability) which satisfies / or does not satisfy/ formal navigational requirements for a given application.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2016, 3; 20-27
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Availability of the GNSS geodetic networks position during the hydrographic surveys in the ports
    Autorzy:
    Specht, C.
    Makar, A.
    Specht, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116211.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    hydrographic survey
    IHO S-44
    Global Positioning System (GPS)
    GLONASS
    gedetic network
    exclusive order
    special order
    Opis:
    Geodetic network GNSS receivers are more commonly associated with positioning systems used in maritime hydrography. In terms of positioning accuracy when no terrain obstacles are present, they meet international hydrographic surveys standards (S‐44) fully. Those standards are defined as 1m (0.95) for Exclusive Order and 2m (0.95) for Special Order. It is equally as important to ensure access to position which error is not higher than above mentioned maximum values. This is most often determined by the density of port infrastructure. This article presents the results of analysis of availability of hydrographic system that operates based on geodetic GNSS networks. Hydrographic surveys in question were undertaken in inner basins with diverse infrastructure. Three representative types of ports were selected for this reason: fishing type (Hel), medium sized, modern commercial type (Gdynia) and highly congested, narrow canal type (Gdansk – Motlawa). A nonpublic, geodetic GNSS network was used for all surveys. It is worth mentioning that the above network is at the moment the only available network that provides both GPS and GLONASS corrections. The surveys provided evidence that geodetic GNSS networks can be successfully utilised to determine position of hydrographic vessel in low and moderately developed ports as well as in Exclusive and Special Orders. In highly congested ports however, the availability of the above mentioned method of measurement can be insufficient to realise a survey.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 4; 657-661
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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