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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Wine and Myrrh as Medicaments or a Commentary on Some Aspects of Ancient and Byzantine Mediterranean Society
Autorzy:
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Kokoszko, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
history of medicine
history of medical literature in antiquity and Byzantium
ancient medicine
Byzantine medicine
history of wine
wine in ancient and Byzantine medicine
myrrh in ancient and Byzantine medicine
hellebore in ancient and Byzantine medicine
women in antiquity
abortifacient wines
abortifacient medicaments
Dioscorides
Sextius Niger
Pliny the Elder
Opis:
The present study has resulted from a close reading of prescriptions for therapeutic wines inserted in book V of De materia medica by Pedanius Dioscorides, the eminent expert in materia medica of the 1st century A.D. The authors emphasise the role of wine varieties and selected flavourings (and especially of myrrh) in order to determine the social status of those to whom the formulas were addressed. This perspective gives the researchers ample opportunity for elaborating not only on the significance of wine in medical procedures but also for underscoring the importance of a number of aromatics in pharmacopoeia of antiquity and Byzantium. The analysis of seven selected formulas turns out to provide a fairly in-depth insight into Mediterranean society over a prolonged period of time, and leads the authors to draw the following conclusions. First, they suggest that medical doctors were social-inequality-conscious and that Dioscorides and his followers felt the obligation to treat both the poor and the rich. Second, they prove physicians’ expertise in materia medica, exemplifying how they were capable of adjusting market value of components used in their prescriptions to financial capacities of the patients. Third, the researchers circumstantiate the place of medical knowledge in ancient, and later on in Byzantine society. Last but not least, they demonstrate that medical treatises are an important source of knowledge, and therefore should be more often made use of by historians dealing with economic and social history of antiquity and Byzantium.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2019, 9; 615-655
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wino, ciemierzyca i mirra albo o lekarzach i ich pacjentach. Analiza fragmentu V księgi „De materia medica” Dioskurydesa
Wine, hellebore and myrrh, i.e. on physicians and their patients. An analysis of a passage preserved in book V of „De materia medica” by Dioscorides
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/689131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
historia
historia medycyny
historia jedzenia
Dioskurydes
wino w medycynie antyku
mirra w medycynie antyku
ciemierzyca w medycynie antyku
wino z mirrą
antyczna enologia
history
history of medicine
history of food
Dioscorides
wine in ancient medicine
myrrh in ancient medicine
hellebore in ancient medicine
wine flavoured with myrrh
ancient oenology
Opis:
The present article is based on an analysis of a passage included in book V of De materia medica by Pedanius Dioscorides, the leading authority on materia medica of the 1st c. AD. The authors, focusing on the extract devoted to therapeutic wines flavoured with hellebore, emphasise the role of selected flavouring substances in order to elaborate on the financial status of addressees of the prescriptions. This perspective allows the researchers to present not only the significance of wine in contemporary medicine but also underscore the importance of myrrh, which was a high-priced resin imported from Arabia Felix, and was highly valued owing to its exceptional flavour as well as pharmacological actions. The comparison of six selected recipes turns out to have given a valuable insight into Mediterranean society. Firstly, it shows that Dioscorides felt the obligation to treat both the poor and the rich. Secondly, it demonstrates his medical competences, proving that he was able to adjust market value of components used in his prescriptions to financial capacities of his patients. Next, it circumstantiates the commonness and popularity of medial knowledge in ancient society. Finally, it proves that medical treatises are an important source of knowledge for historians dealing with economic and social history of antiquity.
Artykuł stanowi analizę fragmentu piątej księgi traktatu De materia medica spisanego w I w. n.e. przez Dioskurydesa, wybitnego znawcę substancji leczniczych. Autorzy omawiają w nim passus z rozdziału poświęconego winom o działaniu terapeutycznym z dodatkiem ciemierzycy przez pryzmat ingrediencji wykorzystywanych do aromatyzowania poszczególnych trunków. Zwracają uwagę, że dobór tych ostatnich uzależniony był nie tylko od właściwości leczniczych, lecz także od sytuacji materialnej pacjenta. Informacje te stają się punktem wyjścia do rozważań na temat roli wina w antycznej praktyce medycznej. Autorzy zauważają, że mogło być ono wzbogacane powszechnie dostępnymi dodatkami lub ingrediencjami importowanymi z odległych krain. Wśród tych ostatnich szczególną uwagę poświęcają mirrze. Dodatek tej egzotycznej i kosztownej żywicy sprawiał bowiem, że wspomniany napitek cieszył się w antyku szczególnym uznaniem zarówno ze względu na wyjątkowe walory smakowe, jak i działanie farmakologiczne. Poprzez zestawienie receptur Autorzy zwracają uwagę na kilka kwestii dotyczących społeczeństwa obszaru basenu Morza Śródziemnego w epoce antyku. Po pierwsze, ukazują przekrój społeczny pacjentów Dioskurydesa. Po drugie, obrazują kompetencje lekarza jako osoby umiejętnie dostosowującej poszczególne medykamenty do możliwości finansowych chorych. Po trzecie, uzasadniają powszechność i popularność zagadnień związanych z medycyną w ówczesnym społeczeństwie. W końcu udowadniają, że traktaty medyczne mogą stanowić cenne źródło w badaniach nad historią gospodarczą i społeczną starożytności.
Źródło:
Przegląd Nauk Historycznych; 2019, 18, 2; 5-37
1644-857X
2450-7660
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Nauk Historycznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to Glow and Stay Fresh: Some Advice on Deodorants Penned by Aetius of Amida
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
History of medical literature
history of medicine
history of cosmetology
ancient/ Byzantine cosmetics
antiperspirants
deodorants
aromatics
Aetius of Amida
Criton of Heraclea
Opis:
As far as women’s wellbeing is concerned, ancient and Byzantine physicians took great care not only of their patients’ health sensu stricto but also of their appearance. A testimony of the approach is given, for instance, by Aetius of Amida’s (6th cent. AD) Libri medicinales, where he devotes much attention to cosmetics, including a group of deodorising antiperspirants called καταπάσματα. In our study we analyse one prescription, taken by Aetius from Criton of Heraclea’s (1st/2nd cent. AD) treatise, trying to prove that it is very informative of medical (especially pharmaceutical) theory as well as practice in the social context of the 6th century AD. In order to achieve our goal, first, we analyse ancient and Byzantine materia medica, scrutinizing the medical properties ascribed to each component of the cosmetic in the light of the theory in force between the 1st and the 6th centuries AD. Next, we determine the method of preparation of the antiperspirant, its form, the mode and place of its application. Finally, we proceed to assess its market value as a marker exposing the group of the cosmetic’s addressees. As a result, we conclude that the recipe was competently worked out on the basis of a theory commonly accepted by medical authorities, and that the preparation was designed for women (but also for men) of a high social status.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2023, 13; 477-490
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Owies w greckich traktatach medycznych starożytności i bizancjum (V w. prz. Chr. - XI w. po Chr.)
The common oat in Greek medical treatises of antiquity and Byzantium (Vth c. BC - XIth c. AD)
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Jagusiak, Krzysztof
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/613153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
antyczna i bizantyńska medycyna
antyczna i bizantyńska dietetyka
antyczna i bizantyńska gastronomia
historia uprawy owsa
ancient and Byzantine medicine
ancient and Byzantine dietetics
ancient and Byzantine gastronomy
history of oats cultivation
Opis:
The common oat (Avena sativa) is a kind of cereal which is fairly well attested in the ancient and Byzantine Greek sources. It is to be noted that medical literature of the abovementioned periods is especially informative as far as the subject in question is concerned. The body of evidence shows that both in Antiquity as well as over the Byzantine period (i.e. between the Vth and the XIth centuries) oats belonged to the crops which did not enjoy much appreciation nor special attention on the part of both mass consumers as well as medical specialists. Generally the cereal was thought to be worse than other crops and therefore lending itself to being animal fodder. It was made use of almost exclusively as an emergency food in case of shortages of other cereals. Though there are very few recipes that refer directly to the ways of preparing oats as food, some guidelines can be formulated on the basis of information pertaining to other cereals. The analyzed sources appear to suggest that it was used to prepare thin soups (on the basis of oats cooking liquor). Moreover, the cereal was also cooked into gruel-like soups. Having been finely ground, it could also be utilized to prepare bread, which, however, was not highly appreciated for its taste nor dietetic value. Medical sources characterize oats in reasonable detail. The cereal is said to be not very appealing in its flavour (which reveals unbalanced humours), characteristic of limited wholesomeness, slightly astringent (and therefore slowing down the work of the alimentary tract), hard to digest, delicately desiccating, heating and cooling at the same time. The same material suggests that oats were used for therapeutic purposes. Mainly they were profited from to treat diarrhea, stomach problems, liver ailments, prepare cataplasms to stimulate diaphoresis, help remove mucus from the bronchi and feed the feverish.
Źródło:
Vox Patrum; 2013, 59; 421-447
0860-9411
2719-3586
Pojawia się w:
Vox Patrum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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