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    Tytuł:
    Effect of soil contamination with cadmium and application of neutralizing substances on the yield of oat (Avena sativa L.) and the uptake of cadmium by this crop
    Autorzy:
    Rolka, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/961599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Tematy:
    soil contamination
    cadmium
    application
    neutralizing substance
    yield
    oat
    Avena sativa
    cadmium uptake
    crop
    Opis:
    Cadmium emitted to the natural environment due to anthropogenic pressure can easily move through the trophic chain, thus posing a threat to human and animal health. Soil contamination with cadmium can cause disorders in the growth and development of plants, and therefore may have an adverse effect on the volume and quality of yields. The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the effect of soil contamination with incremental doses of cadmium together with the application of neutralizing substances on the yield of oat (Avena sativa L.) and on the content, uptake and distribution of cadmium in oat plants. The research was based on a pot experiment conducted on cv. Dragon oat, grown on soil with the grain-size composition of loamy sand. Cadmium was introduced to soil in the form of cadmium chloride, in doses equal 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Cd kg-1. In order to alleviate the negative effect of soil contamination with cadmium, neutralizing substances were used, such as compost, lime and brown coal. The statistical analysis of the results demonstrated the presence of a negative correlation between the cadmium doses and the volume of oat yields. The lowest cadmium dose (10 mg Cd kg-1 of soil) significantly decreased the yield of oat straw and roots; regarding the grain yield, it was significantly depressed by the two highest cadmium doses (30 and 40 mg Cd kg-1 of soil). Of the three neutralizing substances applied, compost had a positive effect on the quantity of grain yield, compost and brown coal affected positively the yield of straw, while soil liming significantly decreased the yield of roots. Soil contamination with cadmium significantly affected the content of cadmium, raising it in the separated parts of oat plants, of which roots contained the distinctly highest amounts of the pollutant. The highest cadmium uptake (1.50 mg Cd pot-1) was detected in oat straw, which on average accumulated 58% of this xenobiotic. All the applied substances neutralizing the soil contamination with cadmium significantly decreased the content and the uptake of this element by oat grain, straw and roots, with lime producing the strongest impact.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2015, 20, 4
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Plonowanie wybranych roślin uprawnych w warunkach zanieczyszczenia gleby kadmem oraz stosowania substancji neutralizujących
    The yields of selected crops on soils contaminated by cadmium and supplied neutralizing substances
    Autorzy:
    Rolka, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/800613.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    zanieczyszczenia gleb
    kadm
    substancje neutralizujace
    wapno
    kompost
    wegiel brunatny
    bentonit
    doswiadczenia wazonowe
    rosliny testowe
    plonowanie
    lubin zolty
    kukurydza
    rzodkiewka
    facelia blekitna
    soil pollutant
    cadmium
    neutralizing substance
    lime
    compost
    brown coal
    bentonite
    pot experiment
    test plant
    yielding
    yellow lupin
    maize
    radish
    tansy phacelia
    Phacelia tanacetifolia
    Opis:
    Celem podjętych badań była ocena wpływu zanieczyszczenia gleby wzrastającymi dawkami kadmu (0, 10, 20, 30 i 40 mg Cd·kg⁻¹ gleby) na plonowanie wybranych roślin testowych oraz próba złagodzenia tego oddziaływania poprzez aplikację substancji neutralizujących, takich jak: wapno, kompost, węgiel brunatny i bentonit. Podstawę badań stanowiły doświadczenia wazonowe, w których roślinami testowymi były: łubin żółty, kukurydza, rzodkiewka i facelia błękitna. Statystyczna analiza uzyskanych wyników dowiodła istnienia korelacji pomiędzy dawkami kadmu a wysokością uzyskanych plonów roślin, której kierunek był zależny od rodzaju substancji inaktywujących. Obliczony indeks tolerancji najniższy zakres przyjmował w przypadku łubinu (0,02–0,90) i rzodkiewki (0,05-1,15), nieco wyższy w doświadczeniu z facelią (0,45–1,38), a zdecydowanie najwyższy w doświadczeniu z kukurydzą (0,59–1,77).
    The purpose of the study has been to examine the effect of soil contamination by incremental doses of cadmium on yield of several crops grown in soil ameliorated with such inactivating substances as lime, compost, brown coal and bentonite. The research consisted of four pot experiments, in which yellow lupine, maize, radish and blue phacelia. Cadmium was introduced to soil in the form of aqueous solution of cadmium chlorite, in doses of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Cd·kg⁻¹. Lime was applied in doses corresponding to 1 Hh; doses of compost and brown coal equaled 4% of the soil mass in a pot, while the amount of benotnite reached 4% in pots with yellow lupine and 2% in pots with maize, radish and phacelia. The substrate was composed of brown soil, sampled from the arable and humic horizon, with the texture of slightly loamy sand. The soil under yellow lupine, maize and radish was very acid, while that under phacelia was slightly acid in reaction. After harvest, fresh aerial and roots mass yields were determined for each pot separately. The results were analyzed statistically with an Anova test at α = 0.05, using the Statistica 9.0 software, while the r correlation coefficient between the analyzed factors was calculated with a Microsoft Excel package. The direction of the correlation between cadmium doses and yields depended on the species of plant ad type of inactivating substance. In a series without neutralizing substances, the soil contamination with the cadmium doses of 20, 30 and 40 mg Cd·kg⁻¹ had a strong adverse effect on the yield of yellow lupine aerial parts and the yield of radish roots and aerial parts, which declined by 84–98% versus the control. The same doses of cadmium caused much smaller loss of phacelia yields, which ranged between 44 and 55% relative to the control. In turn, the yield of useful parts of maize was depressed by the highest cadmium contamination levels, never exceeding 10% compared to the control. Compost, brown coal, lime or bentonite added to soil to alleviate the effect of cadmium pollution produced positive effects, such as higher average yields of lupine and phacelia aerial organs as well as radish roots. In the experiment on maize, the mean aerial yield was higher only in the series with compost. The inactivating substances led to another result, such as smaller yield reductions of all the crops exposed to increasing doses of cadmium in soil. Benotnite was most effective in reducing yield losses of yellow lupine and blue phacelia aerial mass as well as radish roots, while compost was best at limiting the yield loss of maize aerial organs.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2014, 576
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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