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    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
    Tytuł:
    A method for the determination of spatial electron density distribution in great Plasma-Focus devices
    Autorzy:
    Kasperczuk, A.
    Paduch, M.
    Pisarczyk, T.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147148.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    bremsstrahlung radiation
    electron density distribution
    frame optical camera
    plasma-focus device
    plasma radiation intensity
    shadowgraphy
    Opis:
    Determination of the electron density of plasma generated in a great plasma-focus device by means of interferometry is very difficult or sometimes impossible. In order to determine spatial electron density distributions of plasma in a PF-1000 device, a special method was prepared, with the use of plasma images obtained by means of both an optical frame camera and shadowgraphy. Analysis of plasma radiation in the very narrow Äë = 60 Ĺ optical range allowed us to determine the relation between intensity of the plasma radiation and the electron density. It was also shown that the influence of electron temperature on plasma radiation is not large. The presented method allowed us to obtain spatial electron density distributions of plasma (in relative units) in the PF-1000 device. By means of this method a number of important information about the plasma-focus phenomenon was obtained.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 1; 23-26
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent measurements of soft X-ray emission from the DPF-1000U facility
    Autorzy:
    Surała, W.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Paduch, M.
    Zielinska, E.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148171.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray emission
    X-ray images
    gas puffing
    filaments
    hot spots
    Opis:
    Soft X-ray imaging is a very useful diagnostic technique in plasma-focus (PF) experiments. This paper reports results of four experimental sessions which were carried out at the DPF-1000U plasma-focus facility in 2013 and 2014. Over 200 discharges were performed at various experimental conditions. Measurements were taken using two X-ray pinhole cameras with a line of sight perpendicular to the z-axis, at different azimuthal angles (about 20° and 200°), and looking towards the centre of the PF-pinch column. They were equipped with diaphragms 1000 μm or 200–300 μm in diameter and coated with filters of 500 μm Al foil and 10 μm Be foil, respectively. Data on the neutron emission were collected with silver activation counters. For time-resolved measurements the use was made of four PIN diodes equipped with various fi lters and oriented towards the centre of the PF-column, in the direction perpendicular to the electrode axis. The recorded X-ray images revealed that when the additional gas-puff system is activated during the discharge, the stability of the discharge is improved. The data collected in these experiments confi rmed the appearance of a filamentary fi ne structure in the PF discharges. In the past years the formation of such fi laments was observed in many Z-pinch type experiments. Some of the recorded X-ray images have also revealed the appearance of the so-called hot- -spots, i.e. small plasma regions of a very intense X-ray emission. Such a phenomenon was observed before in many PF experiments, e.g. in the MAJA-PF device, but it has not been investigated so far in a large facility such as the DPF-1000U. The time-resolved measurements provided the evidence of a time lapse between the X-ray emission from plasma regions located at different distance from the anode surface. The formation of distinct ‘hot-spots’ in different instants of the DPF-1000U discharge was also observed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 303-308
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Neutron and fast ion emission from PF-1000 facility equipped with new large electrodes
    Autorzy:
    Szydlowski, M.
    Scholz, M.
    Karpinski, L.
    Sadowski, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Paduch, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    fast ion beam
    neutron emission anisotropy
    neutron yield
    plasma focus
    Opis:
    A PF-1000 facility was operated for the first time at an energy level of up to 1 MJ. The maximal emission of 2×1011 neutrons/shot was registered. Relatively low emission anisotropy was observed. Fast ion beams were generated only from shots performed at a low filling pressure (1-2 Torr).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 61-64
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent progress in 1 MJ Plasma-Focus research
    Autorzy:
    Scholz, M.
    Karpiński, L.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147553.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    neutron emission
    plasma focus
    scaling laws
    soft X-ray radiation
    Opis:
    The paper reports on actual operational characteristics of the PF-1000 facility and it presents results of the first neutron experiments performed with a new set of large Mather-type electrodes, which were designed for shots up to 1000 kJ. Dynamics of a current-sheath was studied by means of two high-speed streak cameras and a two-frame camera. The last one was used for the side-on observation of the pinch column. The high-speed streak pictures were taken side-on behind slits oriented in the radial or axial direction. On the basis of the pictures taken behind the radial slit, average values of the radial compression and expansion velocities were estimated. Time-resolved X-ray signals were measured with PIN diodes covered by different filters, and they were compared with other traces (voltage waveforms, dI/dt signals, and neutron-induced pulses) in order to determine their correlation. The total neutron yield (Ytot), i.e. the number of neutrons produced during a single discharge and emitted in various directions, was measured by means of several silver-activation detectors placed at different angles around the PF-1000 experimental chamber.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 35-39
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Time-integrated diagnostics of X-ray emission from PALS and PF 1000 : preliminary results
    Autorzy:
    Ryć, L.
    Krása, J.
    Juha, L.
    Kaczmarczyk, J.
    Paduch, M.
    Parys, P.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Scholz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148024.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    high-temperature plasma
    semiconductor detector
    thermoluminescent detector
    X-ray diagnostics
    Opis:
    Thermoluminescent and semiconductor detectors operating in an integrating mode have been applied to the measurement of X-ray flashes of high intensity from large plasma facilities. A detection head of special kind has been developed to perform comparison measurements with the use of the detectors of both kinds.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 41-43
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energy transformation in Plasma Focus discharge with wire and liner as a load
    Autorzy:
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Klír, D.
    Scholz, M.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Karpinski, L.
    Ryc, L.
    Juha, L.
    Krasa, J.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Romanova, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147107.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray source
    XUV spectroscopy
    Opis:
    We present the results of experiments focused on energy transformations during the implosion of the hydrogen current sheath towards an Al wire (120 ěm in diameter) positioned on the top of the inner electrode of the PF-1000 plasma focus facility at the IPPLM in Warsaw. A wire corona is formed at the current sheath impact and ~60 ns after the impact a soft X-ray pulse is emitted. Its spectrum contains AlVI-XII lines accompanied by their satellites. The amount of emitted energy is recorded by two filtered PIN diodes and thermoluminescent dosimeters and depends on symmetry of the current sheath and quality of the current sheath focus. The mean value of energy of keV photons emitted in the runs done without the wire (~1 J) is higher than the energy obtained with the wire (~0.4 J). A time delay between the impact of the current sheath and X-ray pulse, the plasma focus dynamics and soft X-ray emission are interpreted by an axial magnetic field generation and transformations.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 4; 151-153
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Status of a mega-joule scale Plasma-Focus experiments
    Autorzy:
    Scholz, M.
    Bieńkowska, B.
    Borowiecki, M.
    Ivanova-Stanik, I.
    Karpiński, L.
    Stępniewski, W.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Sadowski, M.
    Szydłowski, A.
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147496.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    dense magnetized plasma
    neutron yield
    Opis:
    This paper presents results of the recent plasma-focus (PF) experiments carried out with PF facilities, which was operated at energies ranging from 0.5 MJ to about 1 MJ. Particular attention has been paid to pinch evolution, the emission of pulsed X-ray, fast electron beams, and fusion produced neutrons. Some theoretical models of the initial breakdown, which occurs at the insulator surface, are compared. It is pointed out that modeling of the breakdown is sensitive to kinetics of ionization processes and transport coefficients. Progress in experimental studies of the axial acceleration phase is unsatisfactory. Important experimental data have been collected, but new measurements are still needed. For the radial collapse phase, it was shown that the MHD modeling is efficient until the maximum compression, but plasma instabilities require more sophisticated approaches. The pinch phase was investigated by means of different diagnostics. Fusion neutron yields were measured in different experiments, but some discrepancies in scaling must still be explained. The conclusions concern directions for further studies and optimization of large-scale high-current PF facilities.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 79-84
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    PF-6 an effective plasma focus as a source of ionizing radiation and plasma streams for application in material technology, biology and medicine
    Autorzy:
    Gribkov, V.
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Scholz, M.
    Jednorog, S.
    Karpiński, L.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Paduch, M.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Pimenov, V.
    Ivanov, L. I.
    Dyomina, E. V.
    Maslyaev, S. A.
    Orlova, M. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147424.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    ion beam
    plasma beam
    X-ray beams
    surface damage
    microlithography
    radioenzymology
    positron emission tomography (PET)
    Opis:
    A review of results on the design and operation of the new efficient Dense Plasma Focus device PF-6 of medium size (transportable) having bank energy of ca. 7 kJ and possessing a long lifetime is presented. New data on the interaction of the pulsed fast ion beams and dense plasma streams generated at this apparatus with various materials are given. These results are compared with the analogous information received at the biggest facility PF-1000. It is shown that it is possible to have about the same power flux density (in the range of 105 109 W/cm2) in both devices however in different areas. Doses of soft X-rays produced by the device within the resists for the goals of microlithography and micromachining appear to be several times less that it is with the conventional X-ray tube. In biological application of this device, medium- and hard-energy X-rays are exploited in the field of radioenzymology. It was found that the necessary dose producing activation/inactivation of enzymes can be by several orders of magnitude lower if used at a high-power flux density in comparison with those received with isotope sources. In medicine, short-life isotope production for the goals of the positron emission tomography (medicine diagnostics) is possible by means of the fast ions generated within DPF. All these experiments are discussed in the framework of pulsed radiation physics and chemistry in its perfect sense thereto the criteria are formulated.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 55-62
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Interferometry of the plasma focus equipped with forehead cathode
    Autorzy:
    Kubeš, P.
    Klír, D.
    Rezac, K.
    Paduch, M.
    Pisarczyk, T.
    Scholz, M.
    Chodukowski, T.
    Kalinowska, Z.
    Hitschfel, J.
    Kortanek, J.
    Kravárik, J.
    Ivanova-Stanik, I.
    Bienkowska, B.
    Karpinski, L.
    Zielinska, E.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147512.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    interferometry
    neutron diagnostics
    plasma focus discharge
    Opis:
    The PF-1000 plasma-focus facility in Warsaw, equipped with Mather-type coaxial electrodes working with a deuterium filling, was modified by the addition of a cathode disk in front of the anode front-plate at a distance of 3 cm. The plasma was diagnosed with temporal resolved interferometry and neutron diagnostics. The modified electrode configuration showed an increase of the current in the pinch phase and a decrease of the total neutron yield. The lower total neutron yield is caused by a lower energy of deuterons producing the observed neutrons and by a decrease of the velocity of transformations of the structures in the pinch column.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 189-192
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stabilizing of Z-pinch and Plasma Focus discharges due to thick wires
    Autorzy:
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Scholz, M.
    Karpinski, L.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Bakshaev, Y.
    Blinov, P.
    Chernenko, A. S.
    Gordeev, E. M.
    Dan’ko, S. A.
    Korolev, V. D.
    Shashkov, A.
    Tumanov, V. I.
    Romanova, V.
    Klír, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146991.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray source
    XUV spectroscopy
    Z-pinch
    Opis:
    This paper presents the results of the diagnostics observing the impact of the plasma sheath imploded in megaamper Z-pinch or plasma focus devices onto the Al or C wires of 30-300 mi m in diameter fixed in the center axis. The discharges were operated with a maximum current of 1.5-3 MA at two devices, PF 1000 at IPFLM in Warsaw, and Stand 300 at RRC Kurchatov Institute in Moscow. At the plasma impact the 10-50 ns XUV pulse was emitted in K-shell lines from the ring or helical-like forms on the surface of the wire corona. The scenario of the production of the non-equilibrium intensities of the C and Al H-like and He-like lines is discussed considering fast transformation of magnetic field, electron beams acceleration, total ionization of the ions and fast recombination in dense and magnetized wire corona.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 5-7
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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