Temat: ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Optical properties of fuels and lubricants vs. aquatic environment protection issues
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Toczek, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247174.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil film
fuels
lubricants
aquatic environment protection
Opis:: Oils can be optically described by two parameters: light absorption coefficient and light refraction coefficient. Spectrum of absorption coefficient manifests itself in colour of oil, whereas spectrum of refraction coefficient impacts on both refractive and reflective properties of interface between oil and surroundings. Both spectra of absorption coefficient and refraction coefficient have distinctive slopes in ultraviolet edge of spectrum where values of mentioned coefficients decrease from extremely high in ultraviolet to relatively low in visual range. Possibility of perceiving of oil existing in the form of thin film or in the form of an emulsion depends on ambient light conditions and on mentioned optical properties. Additionally perceiving of oil depends on thickness of the oil film and on type of substrate on which oil is spread (water, metal etc.), as well as - if emulsion oil-in-water or water-in-oil is considered - on the droplets size distribution. The present paper begins with a review of optical properties of several oils. Next, an impact of changes of those properties on optical properties of an oil film (spread on water) as well as an impact of those properties on optical properties of oil-in-water emulsion is explained. Finally, exemplary results of numerical simulation of light transfer in marine environment (using above optical properties) - e.g. angular distributions of optical contrast of both sea areas clean and polluted by an oil-film are presented.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 325-330
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Spectrofluorymetry in application to oil-in-water emulsion characterization
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Baszanowska, E.
Toczek, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246063.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil
fuels
lubricants
aquatic environment protection
fluorescence spectra
Opis:: The question of identifying the type of oil in exploitation of engine room is associated with both the quality of ship consumables (fuels and lubricants) and the composition and origin of oil in settling tanks or in dumping water. Related issue is the possibility of determining the origin of oil, which is detected in the marine environment. The key question is how oils vary in their ability to fluorescence, understood as the shapes of fluorescence spectra obtained for different wavelengths of light exciting fluorescence. In this paper we present spectra of fluorescence for six chosen oils. Those oils were previously dispersed (emulsified) in the seawater, then extracted into hexane. Fluorescence spectra were obtained using fluorescence spectrometer Perkin Elmer LS55, for excitation wavelengths in the range from 240 nm to 500 nm, and emission wavelengths from 300 nm to 790 nm. In this paper there is shown that in general both total intensity of fluorescence and shapes of spectra of fluorescence depend on the excitation wavelength and are differ for various kinds of oil. In order to visually show the differences in fluorescence abilities of various oils, the results of measurement were placed on a chart of fluorescence intensities in the function of both variables: the excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength (so called the total fluorescence spectra). Analyses of results of the described studies confirm that the different oils fluoresce differently and identification of type of oil is possible by fluorescence spectrophotometry.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 317-321
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Adoption of the time resolved fluorescence to oil type identification
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Rohde, P.
Zieliński, O.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247122.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil
fuels
lubricants
aquatic environment protection
time-resolved fluorescence
diagnostics
Opis:: The present development of a basic science, including physics of stimulated emission of light, opens up new diagnostic possibilities in relation to the quality of oils, including marine fuels and lubricants. In complicated chemical composition of oils both light absorbing compounds and compounds that emit light (fluorescent) are included. This causes the formation of complex structures in the spectral plots of fluorescence intensity as a function of wavelength of light exciting fluorescence and as a function of the wavelength of light emitted. Since the fluorescence excitation occurs in a short time of its disappearance. The shape of the fluorescence decay function depends on the chemical composition of oil, therefore, includes a mention of its kind, quality, level of degradation, and the like. In this paper exemplary charts of the intensity decay curves in different parts of the fluorescence spectra are shown (for light fuel). Presented charts are obtained using the experimental device constructed in Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences (Germany) and are the attempt to use ability of oil substance to manifest its composition in the form of the fluorescence decay curve. An analysis of the chart shows that decay of fluorescence in this case is described by biexponential curve, therefore a kind of oil can be represented by two numerical values - two decay time constants. Operational use of this method will be possible only after a comparative study of different types and quality of oil in relation to the shape of the fluorescence decay curves.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 25-29
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Fluorescence spectra of oil after it contacts with aquatic environment
Autorzy:: Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Toczek, H.
Rohde, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245054.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: oil pollution
fluorescence spectroscopy
excitation-emission spectra
seawater
environment protection
Opis:: The main task for natural marine environment protection is to prevent the inflow of various contaminants including oil substances and the real challenge is the ability to rapidly detect these pollutants. Moreover important is to find the source or the maker of the oil spill. In this paper, we consider fundamental physical aspects in the area of possibility of monitoring the natural marine ecosystem based on fluorescence spectroscopy. We utilize the fluorescence ability of numerous oil components – mainly polycyclic hydrocarbons. The paper concerns the spectrofluorimetric characterization of oils have been in use during exploitation of the marine fleet, i.e. lubricate oil, fuels, transformer and hydraulic oils as well as crude oils or their residues. Every kind of oil has a chance to enter the marine environment, especially in a case of ship emergency or after collision with other vessel ore shoreline structure as well as when ship enters the stranding. After discharge of oil, some of oil components are dissolved in the water, bacteria or photochemical reactions, which results in transformation of composition of oil, degrade some. Fluorescence spectrometer Perkin Elmer LS55 was applied to obtain the fluorescence spectra using different excitation wavelength in the range from 240 nm to 500 nm. We discuss the changes of the shapes of excitationemission spectra (EEMs) of various types of oil and the EEMs spectra after contact of oil with seawater as an oil-inwater emulsion, which is the most frequent form of oil in the water column. Significant changes in the shape of spectra and displacement of the peaks are observed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 29-34
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: New technical uses of marine space of the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:: Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248030.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: marine transport
large scale constructions
physical fields
marine environment protection
Opis:: The Baltic Sea area has already been intensively used by variety of maritime economic sectors such as marine transport, fishing, tourism, extraction of sand and gravel and oil and gas exploitation. This is also an area of relatively intense military penetration. In addition, this is a place of various other investments, e.g. coastal technical infrastructure (port and transhipment terminals constructions, as well as technical measures of the shoreline defence against transgression of the sea), electrical energy transmission systems (high voltage cables plus large scale electrodes) and natural gas transmission huge pipelines. Over the next decades, the use of the Baltic Sea will expand rapidly, particularly due to constructions of new coastal and offshore wind farms, electrical energy transfer network, further intensification of various forms of shipping, development and construction of new ports and terminals and installing new oil extraction platforms. Some of these activities influences natural spatial distribution of physical properties of the sea space (such as acoustic field, magnetic field, salinity distribution etc.) as well as disturb different natural processes (such as natural coastal dynamics, sedimentation, migration patterns of mobile species etc). In order to present this problem, most important existing activities as well as the most recent large-scale constructions in the Baltic Sea are selected and presented in this study (with emphasis on the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone). Moreover most likely disturbances of natural distributions of physical properties of marine space are analyzed in light of the impact on the environment
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 311-318
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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