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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Tradycyjne koncepcje sekularyzacji
    Traditional concepts of secularization
    Autorzy:
    Kulbat, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/503365.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    sekularyzacja
    historia sekularyzacji
    Opis:
    How shall one approach the powerful wave of secularization which has been exercising the influence on Europe since the dawn of the modern age? How have the changes taking place been described by theologians and influential thinkers? The present paper brings the traditional secularization concepts into focus by highlighting the negative aspects of this process and it destructive influence on religious practice and expression. The concepts accentuating the neutral or even positive features of this phenomenon will be addressed in a separate essay. In the past, the discourse on secularization was dominated by entirely negative assessments of the subject. Secularization was viewed as dechrystianization, as a decline and extinction of faith. Such an approach is to be seen in all papal encyclicals up until the ones promulgated by Pope Pius XII. It has finally given rise to the thesis, founded on the idealized Christianity model of the Middle Ages, of continual disintegration of the Church taking place from the period of Protestantism to atheism, stimulated by the increasingly insolent attacks of the Satan. The present article is intended to provide an overview of this current of thought, which is permeated with the earnest desire to preserve the heritage of Christian faith in its intact form. The paper discusses secularization from the point of view of J.M. de Maistre, L.G.A. de Bonald, J.L. Balmes, R. Guardini, D.von Hildebrand, J. Maritain and E.L. Mascall. Traditional concepts of secularization have come to underlie the defensive vision of the Church and the Catholic Action programme expressed in the motto: instaurare omnia in Christo. Despite the passage of time, the traditional view of secularization has not disappeared. The components inherent in this concept continue to revive, especially in the context of fears and anxieties induced by the chaos and confusion of the present day.
    Źródło:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2009, 18; 157-176
    1231-1634
    Pojawia się w:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sekularyzacja w perspektywie socjologii
    Secularisation in sociological perspective
    Autorzy:
    Kulbat, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/502454.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    sekularyzacja
    Kościół
    socjologia
    Opis:
    Secularisation – a controversial concept because of its distinct use in different disciplines, such as philosophy, social sciences, theology, canon law (Lübbe). Even in the social sciences, various levels of analysis of the religious situation result in different definitions and divergent evaluations of the situation. Later generations of sociologists continued to employ the term but attached different meanings to it (Shiner). Not until the 1960s were several theories of secularization developed, most prominently by Peter Berger, Thomas Luckmann, and Bryan Wilson. These theories subsequently led to discussion concerning the existence and validity of such a „theory” (Hammond, Hadden, Lechner, Bruce). Other sociologists have systematically analyzed existing theories because some discussions failed to scrutinize the ideas, levels of analysis, and arguments of those being criticized. Tschannen has suggested treating secularization theories as a paradigm, and Dobbelaere has stressed the need to differentiate between levels of analysis, suggesting convergences and divergences between theories. The current treatment is dependent upon Tschannen's „exemplars” of the secularization paradigm and refers to authors who have extensively written about them, without suggesting, however, that they were the only ones to do so. The exemplars are ordered according to the levels of analysis (macro, or societal, level; meso, or subsystem, level; and micro, or individual, level). Some exemplars are renamed, and one is added: institutional differentiation or segmentation (Luckmann), autonomization (Berger), rationalization (Berger, Wilson ), societalization (Wilson), disenchantment of the world (Weber, Berger), privatization (Berger, Luckmann), generalization (Bellah, Parsons), pluralization (Martin), relativization (Berger ), this-worldliness (Luckmann), individualization (Bellah et al.), decline of church religiosity (Martin). According to Tschannen, three exemplars are central to the secularization paradigm: differentiation, rationalization, and this-worldliness. The other exemplars are related to these. For the last 20 years, one can observe in many countries of the Western world a return to an interest in religion. The various trends of „spiritualization”, esotherism and mysticism quite often outside the official structures of Christianity. The crisis pertains, however, to Christianity in its traditional structures and functions. Secularisation does not follow a one-way track in social development, nor it is an irreversible trend. The renaissance of various form spirituality is always possible, including the desecularisation process.
    Źródło:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2007, 16; 125-131
    1231-1634
    Pojawia się w:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sekularyzacja w perspektywie teologii
    Secularization from theological perspective
    Autorzy:
    Kulbat, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956212.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    sekularyzacja    
    laicyzacja    
    dechrystianizacja    
    pluralizm    
    neutralność światopoglądowa
    Opis:
    As opposed to sacralisation meant to be an exclusion from the wordly life, the Second Vatican Council has juxtaposed secularisation with the process of sanctification, which restores God to His due place and acknowledges Him to be the ultimate goal of all things, without questioning the legitimacy of earthly reality. In discussing the rightfulness of human earthly affairs relating to social life, science (Vatican II’s Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the World of Today, §36), political sphere (KDK Vatican II’s Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the World of Today, §76) and culture (Vatican II’s Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the World of Today, §56), the documents of the Second Vatican Council, at the same time, explicitly define their legitimate boundaries. The autonomy of earthly matters experienced by man is not absolute. Vatican II also warns against false understanding of autonomy, whereby all spheres of human life are deprived of any sacred dimension by reference to God’s laws (Vatican II’s Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the World of Today, §41). Sacred dimension in human life is the warranty and safeguard of autonomy and human dignity. However, the profane may not be replaced with the sacred. Each totalitarian system is a direct or indirect assault upon human freedom. Nevertheless, many theologians underline that the description of the relationship between faith and culture analysed in Gaudium et Spes was over-optimistic and that at the time of its release no one could predict the negative trends that came to light following its promulgation (D. v. Hildebrandt, J. Maritain). Therefore, it comes as no surprise that John Paul II frequently referred in his speeches and writings to the secularised world and the spreading of non-belief and religious indifference. In the opinion of the Pope, the countries subordinate to the influences of secularisation are susceptible to the ideology of secularism: “At the root of this disturbing development is the attempt to promote a vision of humanity without God. It exaggerates individualism, sunders the essential link between freedom and truth, and corrodes the relationships of trust which characterise genuine social living”. When asserting that the process of transmitting faith and Christian values has ceased to exist, the Pope emphasizes that: „At the same time we perceive the search of meaning by our contemporaries, witnessed by through cultural phenomena, especially in the new religious movements with the strong presence in South America, Africa and Asia: the desire of men and women to understand the deep meaning of their lives, to respond to fundamental questions on the origin and the end of life and to journey towards happiness to which they aspire.” What is the actual position of the Church at this historical time when secularisation and pluralistic outlook on life are widespread ? According to the author, being to some degree the product of Christianity, secularization does not need to be seen as destructive force meant to destroy the Christian faith. By affording freedom from the naive forms of religion deemed to be based on magical spirit, secularisation allows one to formulate anew and in a more profound manner the question about God. Beside, it has already contributed to the creation of human space of religious freedom and spiritual pursuit. Secularization has neither rendered the questions about ultimate meaning of human existence obsolete nor has undermined their gravity and relevance. People may still for look the answers within the frameworks of traditional Churches which, in actuality, have become the enclaves of religious freedom in a secularized and pluralistic society. It seems that it is necessary to acknowledge that the essential traits of the culture of 21st century also include secularization and pluralism. Any further efforts towards the future shape of religion shall be based on the acceptance of these basic features of culture as it stands at the close of the 20th century. It is in the pluralistic society of the future where Christian Churches may play an important role, providing that they manage to become the signs of unity between the people and the nations. On the other hand, the secularized global society is also stricken with negative phenomena such as basic inequalities, political and moral crises, moral emptiness, lack of principles justifying the observance of values by all. At this point all the more evident becomes the need for the teachings of the Church to provide ethical foundation for the life of individuals and societies.
    Źródło:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2008, 17; 229-246
    1231-1634
    Pojawia się w:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Historia sekularyzacji w ujęciu H.U. Altermatta
    The history of secularization according to H.U. Altermatt
    Autorzy:
    Kulbat, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/502961.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    sekularyzacja
    laicyzacja
    dechrystianizacja
    historia przemian społecznych
    Opis:
    From among the multitude of works by various authors preoccupied with analysing the processes of secularisation taking place in modern times, the study of the issue by the Swiss historian Urs Altermatt, presented in Catholicism and the Modern World (Cracow, 1995), deserves special consideration. The analysis undertaken by the author unveils the complexity of the process encompassing distinct waves of secularisation brought about by diverse factors as well as the return of the sacred. Altermatt’s special contribution which stands to his credit lies in an interdisciplinary approach he employed in his study to explore the origin of secularisation processes in the context of history, sociology, political science and theology. Altermatt reveals in a fascinating way the transformations occurring in the world dominated by religious mind. He points out to the radical changes brought about by industralism and urbanization which affected the tranquil life of local communities. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, secularization was perceived by Catholics as a threat, which made them adopt a defensive attitude in order to safeguard their own identity. Although secularization in the Western societies has been progressing systematically since ca 1800, it has never been a unidimentional and unidirectional phenomenon. It would assume the form of cyclical tides of religious crisis and renewal, resulting in the following relationship becoming evident: the more prominent position the industrial working class occupies in a society, the more the role of the Church declines. It is no wonder, therefore, that the processes of secularisation have always alarmed those responsible for the formulation of pastoral care programmes and stimulated evangelization efforts.
    Źródło:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2007, 16; 111-124
    1231-1634
    Pojawia się w:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nowe koncepcje sekularyzacji w perspektywie teologicznej
    New Concepts of Secularisation from a Theological Point of View
    Autorzy:
    Kulbat, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/502818.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    sekularyzacja
    autonomia rzeczywistości ziemskiej
    laicyzacja
    pluralizm
    modernizacja
    Opis:
    The author of the article examines the theological interpretation of the phenomenon of secularization and to this end embarks on differentiating between various notions which bear resemblance to “secularization”. Secularization denotes the progressive autonomy of various spheres of human life in relation to the realm of religion, or religion-related norms and institutions. As opposed to secularization being a spontaneous process, laicization is usually understood as a targeted and intentional process of de-Christianizing social relations through structured activities intended to eradicate all forms of the presence of the Church and Christians from public life. De-Christiani-zation, in turn, is an atrophy of Christianity within the structures of the Church itself, especially in Western Europe. The compiled material serves to attempt to answer the following question: In what way does theology evaluate secularization? The author replies to this question by drawing on the assessments of the different protestant and catholic theologians and the teaching of the Catholic Church in the documents of the Second Vatican Council. As opposed to socialization meant to be an exclusion from the worldly life, the Second Vatican Council has juxtaposed secularization with the process of sanctification, which restores God to His due place and acknowledges Him to be the ultimate goal of all things, without questioning the legitimacy of earthly reality.
    Źródło:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2010, 19; 117-144
    1231-1634
    Pojawia się w:
    Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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