- Tytuł:
-
Ludność polska w wieloetnicznych regionach Litwy, Łotwy i Białorusi
The Polish population in multi-ethnic regions of Lithuania, Latvia and Belarus - Autorzy:
- Kowalski, Mariusz
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965549.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2013
- Wydawca:
- Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
- Tematy:
-
Vilnius region
Latgale region
Hrodna region
Polish minority
multiethnic regions
ethnic relations
mniejszość polska
regiony wieloetniczne
stosunki narodowościowe
Wileńszczyzna
Łatgalia
Grodzieńszczyzna - Opis:
-
The aim of the paper was to compare the situation of the Polish minority in the three
bordering countries: Lithuania, Latvia and Belarus. Despite similar historical circumstances
contemporary groups of Polish minority in the lands of former Grand Duchy of
Lithuania and Polish Livonia living in the different socio-economic and political
conditioning. This situation affecting their relations with other ethnic groups and state
authorities.
All of the researched areas – Vilnius region in Lithuania, Latgale region in Latvia,
Hrodna region in Belarus – are multicultural. In all, owing to special circumstances of
Eastern Slavic-Baltic ethnic borderland, a compact Polish ethnic area was formed.
Despite the deportation and postwar emigration of Poles and despite that areas inhabited
by them belong to three different states, the Polish population still represents a significant
proportion of the population, affecting the local socio-cultural and political life.
The analysis of census data and maps indicates the progressive decrease of the Polish
population and retreat of Polish ethnic area. However, recent censuses show the vary –
depending on the region – processes. In Lithuania the stabilization of the ethnical
structure of the population is observed. Despite the hostile attitude of Lithuanian nationalists
and state authorities that often remain under their influence, Polish population
takes advantage of the civil rule of law to consolidate its assets.
In Belarus further melting of Polish ethnic area is observed, associated with a decrease
in the number of Poles, both in absolute and relative terms. This can be combined
with both the difficult situation of the Polish population in the Soviet period (no schools
and other Polish institutions), and the current socio-political situation in Belarus. Under
Lukashenka’s dictatorial rule the Polish minority action is merely tolerated. Government
support the policy of the tsarist and Soviet authorities, under which local Poles were
considered as regional (Catholic) branch of the Belarusian people.
Paradoxically, the relatively best situation concern the Polish population in Latvia,
where Polish community is the least numerous, both in absolute and relative terms. The
clear revival of Polish socio-cultural, and even increasing participation of Poles in some
areas, can be observed. The Latvian authorities are positively oriented to the Polish
socio-cultural initiatives, seeing the Polish movement as a counterweight to the demographic
dominance of East Slavic population (Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians) in
the south-eastern part of the country.
Pomimo podobnych uwarunkowań historycznych mniejszość polska, zamieszkująca tereny dawnego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego i Inflant Polskich, w zależności od miejsca zamieszkania (Litwa, Łotwa, Białoruś) znajduje się w odmiennej sytuacji społeczno-gospodarczej i polityczno- -ustrojowej. Odciska się to na relacjach mniejszości polskiej z innymi grupami etnicznymi oraz władzami państwowymi. Analiza sytuacji sugeruje, iż pod wieloma względami najlepsze warunki dla pielęgnowania swojej odrębności (pomimo niewielkiej liczebności) ma mniejszość polska na Łotwie. Na przeciwległym krańcu, choć najliczniejsza, znajduje się mniejszość polska na Białorusi. - Źródło:
-
Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej; 2013, 2; 205-237
2300-0562
2450-0127 - Pojawia się w:
- Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
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