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Wyszukujesz frazę "Union State" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
On the need for per se imputability of measures to the state in European Union State aid law
Autorzy:
Kociubiński, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-04-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
State aid
State resources
imputability
advantage criterion
Market Economy Operator Test
Opis:
For a measure to be considered State aid, it must satisfy several cumulative criteria, one of which is that it must be imputable to the State. According to existing case law, it is necessary to establish the actual involvement of authorities in a specific transaction. However, given the changing role of the State in the economy, characterized by a growing reliance on professional market players to fulfil public tasks, proving such active involvement can become challenging. Therefore, in this paper, the author proposes the introduction of per se imputability to the European State aid acquis. That is a rebuttable presumption that a measure originates from the State when actions are taken by Stateowned entities or when a particular course of action is mandated by law.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2023, 101; 150-164
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consolidation or Fragmentation? European Competition Law in the EU Air Transport Sector: A Policy Analysis
Autorzy:
Kociubiński, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706610.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
EU, competition law, European Union law, air transport sector, antitrust law, merger control, state aid
Opis:
This article analyses the priorities of European competition law in the air transport sector in the light of the ongoing process of the industry’s consolidation. The oligopolistic nature of the airline business results in a natural tendency towards its concentration. From the standpoint of regulatory oversight, the question is how to manage or counteract this tendency in order to achieve defined policy goals. In this vein, European competition law has departed from the model whereby the competitive process in itself is the priority and turned to an instrumental approach, with preference given to the welfare of customers. This analysis will highlight three policy areas relevant to the discussed subject. It begins with antitrust law, with special emphasis on the sector-specific phenomenon of airline alliances; then discusses merger control, especially in the context of pro-competitive remedies, and finally State aid, with particular focus on the effects of the compensatory scaling-down of operations which are imposed on recipients of a rescue and restructuring aid grant.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 189-203
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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