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Tytuł:
Właściwości lecznicze grzybów wielkoowocnikowych
Medicinal properties of macrofungi
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45588.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
mikologia
grzyby wielkoowocnikowe
wlasciwosci lecznicze
polisacharydy
homoglukany
heteroglukany
heteroglikany
kompleksy polisacharydowo-bialkowe
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2012, 73, 4
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Propozycja mikoryzacji sadzonek drzew leśnych z udziałem trufli letniej (Tuber aestivum) w Polsce
Proposal of mycorrhization of forest tree seedlings using summer truffle [Tuber aestivum] in Poland
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby mikoryzowe
trufla letnia
szkolkarstwo lesne
Tuber aestivum
mikoryzowanie sadzonek
wykorzystanie
sadzonki
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
tuber aestivum
ectomycorrhizae
truffle orchards
Opis:
Truffles belong to the hypogeous fungi living in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with many forest tree and shrub species. Some truffle species such as black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) or summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) are valuated for their smell and special taste. The confirmed occurrence of summer truffles in Poland may lead to a conclusion that cultivation of this species under Polish conditions might become an alternative to traditional truffle cultivation regions. This is of particular importance given that, in the Mediterranean countries with climate disturbances, the number of truffle fruiting bodies declines while the demand for them grows continuously. In addition to their economic value for producers, establishing truffle orchards is also beneficial with regard to nature protection. The paper presents soil and climate requirements of the summer truffle and the indispensable conditions for establishing so called "truffle orchards".
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 04; 281-286
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Endofity – charakterystyka i możliwości wykorzystania w leśnictwie
Endophytes – characteristics and possibilities of application in forest management
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
endofity
wystepowanie
klasyfikacja
wykorzystanie
lesnictwo
endophytes
DSE
functionality
applications
Opis:
Endophytes are organisms that live within the plant tissue without usually causing any symptoms. In plants of natural ecosystems, endophytic fungi are in fact ubiquitous. This review summarizes research carried out on their biology emphasizing their functionality in terms of the host range, the colonization extent, the way of transmission between hosts and their influence on host fitness. The main focus will be on two classes of fungal endophytes, class 2 and 4 (Dark Septate Fungi), due to their potential for practical application in forestry. Raising awareness of the potential of endophytes to enhance the host’s resistance to pathogens, insects and anthropogenic disturbances is a key factor in developing applications for forest management.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 3
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ inokulum mikoryzowego grzyba Thelephora terrestris na wzrost sadzonek sosny zwyczajnej Pinus sylvestris L. II. Badania polowe
The role of Thelephora terrestris fungus in mycorrhization on Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] seedlings
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Sierota, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019366.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby mikoryzowe
Thelephora terrestris
badania polowe
lesnictwo
inokulacja
Pinus sylvestris
zalesianie
tereny porolne
sadzonki
sadzonki mikoryzowane
sosna zwyczajna
ektomikoryza
drzewa lesne
pinus sylvestris
thelephorra terrestris
ectomycorrhiza
soil recultivation
Opis:
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings which were inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungus – Thelephora terrestris and grown in different regimes of N fertilization [Hilszczanska, Sierota 2006], next year were planted out on post−agricultural land. The development of fine roots after 6 months of vegetation, number of mycorrhizas, identity of some mycorrhizas and growth parameters of Scots pine seedlings were studied. Mycorrhizal abundance was higher in the inoculated previously variants than in non−inoculated ones. PCR RFLP analysis confirmed share of two different isolates of Thelephora engaged in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Growth parameters was higher in non−inoculated seedlings. Vitality of seedlings was lower at lower level of N fertilization in non−inoculated treatment.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2006, 150, 02; 20-28
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ inokulum mikoryzowego grzyba Thelephora terrestris na wzrost sadzonek sosny Pinus sylvestris L. I. Badania laboratoryjne
The role of Thelephora terrestris fungus in mycorrhization on Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] seedlings. I. Laboratorial study
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Sierota, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby mikoryzowe
Thelephora terrestris
lesnictwo
inokulacja
Pinus sylvestris
liczebnosc
sadzonki
mikoryza
badania laboratoryjne
sadzonki mikoryzowane
sosna zwyczajna
nawozenie azotem
drzewa lesne
pinus sylvestris
thelephora terrestris
inoculation
fertilization
Opis:
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings grow under two different regimes of N fertilization, and were artificially inoculated with Thelephora terrestris Fr. fungus. Higher percentage of mycorrhizal colonization possessed seedlings that were inoculated and grown in lower level of N. The highest growth parameters (length of shoots and dry weights of shoots) had seedlings that grew in higher level of N, and had not been given to inoculation by T. terrestris. Mycorrhization enhanced needles nutrient content, such as: P, K, Ca, and Mg.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2006, 150, 01; 40-47
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ wzbogacenia gleby porolnej substratami organicznymi na strukturę zbiorowisk grzybów ektomykoryzowych sosny zwyczajnej
Changes in ectomycorrhizal structure of Scots pine growing on abandoned farmland soil enriched with organic substrates
Autorzy:
Małecka, M.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zalesianie
gleby porolne
wzbogacanie gleby
substraty organiczne
uprawy lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
grzyby ektomikoryzowe
scots pine
ectomycorrhizal fungi
post−agricultural lands
organic substrates
Opis:
An assessment of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Pinus sylvestris L. growing on abandoned post−agricultural soil was performed. The seedlings were growing at three different treatments of soil amendments (harvest residue, bark compost and sawdust). As a control treatment, the soil without any amendments was used. The comparison of ectomycorrhizal structure done ten years after the application of organic substrates showed no significant changes in species richness level. The most frequent taxa, irrespective of the treatment, was Wilcoxina sp. The result seems to be connected with high nitrogen level in the soil. Ectomycorrhizae of Cortinarius sp. and Pinirhiza spp. dominated in all treatments. The results showed that species richness and abundance of live and dead mycorrhizae depend on soil conditions, which are similar on treatment and control plots.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 04; 243-250
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zawartość składników pokarmowych w igłach sadzonek sosny zwyczajnej inokulowanej Thelephora terrestris
Content of mineral nutrients in Scots pine seedlings inoculated with Thelephora terrestris
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Sierota, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
mikoryzowanie sadzonek
Thelephora terrestris
sadzonki mikoryzowane
igly sosny
pierwiastki biogenne
azot
fosfor
potas
wapn
magnez
zawartosc azotu
zawartosc potasu
zawartosc fosforu
zawartosc wapnia
zawartosc magnezu
zmiany zawartosci
nutrients
mycorrhizae
thelephora terrestris
scots pine
post−agricultural land
Opis:
The changes of N, P, K, Ca and Mg content in Scots pine needles over 4 years of the experiment were estimated in 2 treatments – inoculated in laboratory with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Thelephora terrestris and non inoculated (control). The seedlings were grown in a greenhouse for one season and then planted out into post−agricultural soil. Statistically significant differences were found only for Mg concentration in needles of two−year−old initially inoculated seedlings. For both treatments N and K concentration differed between all analysed years of growth. In the case of P and Ca concentration differences were found neither for treatments, nor for years. Four−year−old inoculated seedlings had lower concentration of all investigated nutrients with the exception of Ca. In both treatments the concentration of nutrients was at optimal level for four−year−old seedlings’ growth. Obtained results suggest that environmental conditions as well as plant metabolism may influence the nutrient concentration in the needles more strongly than their uptake by ectomycorrhizal symbionts on the roots.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 05; 391-400
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura ektomikoryz i parametry biometryczne sosny po wysadzeniu na gruncie porolnym
Ectomycorrhizal structure and biometric parameters of pine after planting on post-agricultural land
Autorzy:
Sierota, Z.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012001.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
zalesianie
grzyby mikoryzowe
wzrost roslin
Thelephora terrestris
grunty porolne
cechy biometryczne
sadzonki
ektomikoryza
sosna zwyczajna
lesnictwo
Pinus sylvestris
drzewa lesne
pinus sylvestris l.
ectomycorrhizae
thelephora terrestris
post−agricultural land
Opis:
The focus of the research was on the effect of inoculation with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Thelephora terrestris on changes in mycorrhizal structure and growth parameters of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Before planting on post−agricultural land, the seedlings were grown under laboratory conditions for six months, at two different nitrogen fertilization rates [Hilszczańska, Sierota 2006a]. Mycorrhizae formed by T. terrestris dominated in the mycorrhizal structure during two growing seasons after planting irrespective of the growth variant applied. However, their higher percentage was detected in seedlings artificially inoculated with T. terrestris mycelium. The inoculation did not limit mycorrhiza formation by other mycorrhizal fungi. No significant differences in parameter values were found between inoculated and non−inoculated seedlings.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 02; 108-116
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Różnorodność biologiczna i rola bakterii glebowych w środowisku leśnym
Biodiversity and the role of soil bacteria in a forest environment
Autorzy:
Siebyła, H.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/988995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
gleby lesne
ryzosfera
bakterie glebowe
roznorodnosc biologiczna
Bacillus
Proteobacteria
Actinobacteria
funkcje biologiczne
mechanizm dzialania
bacteria
forest soil
rhizosphere
Opis:
Microorganisms commonly inhabit all environments in which they can survive. The number of bacteria in soil depends on its structure, moisture and nutrient content, and ranges from a few hundred to several thousand per gram of soil. Qualitative and quantitative composition of bacteria mainly depends on physico−chemical agents, soil and vegetation cover, the content of biogenic elements, but also on the salinity and pollution. In the case of forest soils number of bacteria amounts to about 4.8×10 9 per 1 cm 3 of soil. In the rhizosphere, the soil directly surrounding plant roots, there are organisms that affect the biochemical activity of plants. The main representatives of bacteria, which are present in the rhizosphere layer, are species of the genera: Pseudomonas and Bacillus, Acidobacteria that protect plants against attack of pathogens. Soil microorganisms form a symbiosis with vascular plants. Because of their properties, they are effective antagonists against fungi that cause plant diseases (leaf spots, roots and shoot apices disease, as well as rot). This group includes such species as: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides or the species belonging to Oomycetes, for example Phytophthora and Pythium. Bacteria also protect plants against harmful insects and inhibit the growth of fungal diseases. The beneficial role of bacteria is observed in the development of truffles as well. They are responsible for providing nitrogen to the mycelium forming fruiting bodies. Bacteria improve plant growth and protect their host against drought. Understanding the diversity of bacteria that have important role in the functioning of ecosystems, including forest ecosystems, remains a challenge for microbiologists.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 155-162
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ odłogowania i dodatku trocin iglastych do gleby porolnej na jej właściwości chemiczne i zbiorowisko grzybów ektomykoryzowych 15-letniej sosny zwyczajnej
Influence of resting and pine sawdust application on chemical changes in post-agricultural soil and the ectomycorrhizal community of growing Scots pine saplings
Autorzy:
Małecka, M.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
grunty porolne
odlogowanie
dodatki do gleb
trociny iglaste
gleby
wlasciwosci chemiczne
grzyby ektomikoryzowe
zalesianie
uprawy lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
Scots pine
ectomycorrhizal fungi
agricultural lands
pine sawdust
Opis:
Changes in chemical compounds and in ectomycorrhizal structure were determined for Scots pine growing on post agricultural soil lying fallow for 3, 6 and 15 years, after amendment with pine sawdust. Soil without any amendments was used as the control treatment. Comparing the ectomycorrhizal structure 15 years after the application of pine sawdust revealed no significant differences in abundance or species richness between soil with and without organic enrichment. The results showed that the ectomycorrhizal status depends on soil conditions (soil pH, nitrogen content), which remain unaffected by saw dust application. In all treatments, the most frequently occurring ectomycorrhizae genera were Dermocybe, Hebeloma, Suillus, Tomentella and Tricholoma. Two species (Paxillus involutus, Amanita muscaria) were specific to the control plots that lay fallow for 15 years.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 3; 265-272
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura zbiorowisk grzybów mykoryzowych po pożarze drzewostanu sosny zwyczajnej na siedlisku boru suchego
Structure of post-fire ectomycorrhizal communities of Scots pine stand in a dry coniferous forest habitat
Autorzy:
Hilszczańska, D.
Gil, W.
Olszowska, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
siedlisko boru suchego
drzewostany sosnowe
pozary lasow
tereny popozarowe
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
mikoryza
grzyby mikoryzowe
zbiorowiska grzybow
struktura zbiorowisk
roznorodnosc gatunkowa
forest fire
mycorrhiza
fungi
scots pine
coniferous forest habitat
Opis:
Ectomycorrhizal communities associated with Pinus sylvestris growing on dry coniferous forest habitat after the fire were studied. In order to investigate the fire effect on ectomycorrhizal fungi and changes of soil parameters in the upper (0−15 cm) soil layer three study plots were established: 1 – the control, 2 – fire zone left for artificial renewal (with the economic method of renewal) and 3 – fire zone left for natural renewal. The analysis of mycorrhizae revealed presence of eight mycorrhizal fungi on Scots pine roots and the value of Shannon−Wiener species diversity index H’ equaled to 1.76. The most abundant were mycorrhizae formed by Tomentella feruginea (31.7%) and Hebeloma crustuliniforme (23.3%). The fraction of Paxillus involutus and Rhizopogon sp. mycorrhizae was 16.7% and 13.0%, respectively. The lowest was the number of Thelephora terrestris mycorrhizae (only 1.7%). At the site 2, number of mycorrhizal fungi diminished to five and Shannon−Wiener species diversity index was also lower (1.37). The predominant were mycorrhizae of Cenococcum geophilum (26.7%) and P. involutus (21.7%), whilst the lowest were mycorrhizae of Suillus luteus (1.7%). Although at the third site the number of ectomycorrhizal fungi was the same as on the site 2, the dominance of Thelephora terrestris (66.7%) caused that Shannon−Wiener’s species diversity index was the lowest (1.05). Mycorrhizae of Paxillus involutus and Wilcoxina mikolae were characterised by similar abundance (13.3% and 11.7%, respectively). The lowest number of mycorrhizae was observed for Tomentella sp. (3.3%). Analysis of soil parameters showed an increase of pH on burnt sites in comparison to the control. The soil of burnt sites were also characterised by lower value of C and C/N ratio than the soil on the control treatment. The result showed that ubiquitous mycorrhizal fungi, such as T. terrestis, are able to persist on roots in changed soil environment with low content of nutritions.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 01; 71-79
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ hodowlanego zagospodarowania lasu na produkcyjność jadalnych grzybów leśnych
Impact of silviculture on the productivity of edible fungi in the forest
Autorzy:
Gil, W.
Hilszczańska, D.
Rosa-Gruszecka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zagospodarowanie lasu
grzyby lesne
wystepowanie
grzyby jadalne
grzyby dzikorosnace
owocnikowanie grzybow
uboczne uzytkowanie lasu
ectomycorrhizal fungi
edible fungi
mycosilviculture
non−wood forest products
forest management
Opis:
Edible forest mushrooms are one of the most important non−wood products and their economic importance is constantly growing. Only in Poland, the value of collected mushroom is estimated to about 740 million PLN a year. Such species as Boletus sp., Lactarius sp. or Tuber sp. are the most valuable non−wood forest products. Wild species, a great part of which are ectomycorrhizal fungi, not only play a key role in the growth and development of forest trees, but also belong to the most used in the Polish cuisine. A new challenge is to develop a scientific basis for the production of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi. Given the fact that fructification of fungi is influenced by many environmental, ecological, orographic and anthropogenic factors, their growing is rather a tough task. So far, methods of fungi growing have been developed in case of several species and they are still to be implemented on an economic scale. Under natural conditions, both mycorrhizal and fruiting processes may be stimulated by proper silviculture treatments, which are conducive to wood and mushrooms production as well. Nowadays, the concept of ‘mycosilviculture' is gaining more and more interest. In order to implement it, the knowledge of the biology of fungi and their host−species is needed. In this article, a rich body of studies dealing with the influence of management methods on fruitification of fungi is reviewed. The critical factor that appears is the proper regulation of tree density by appropriate severity of thinnings and regeneration cuts in order to meet the requirements of targeted fungi. The other kinds of treatments, such as removal of the herb cover, litter and upper soil level also affect fungi fructification. The effect of these treatments may vary for different species. The knowledge of wild mushroom production, forest management and climate changes still requires long−term and multidimensional research in a broad spectrum of tree stands and forest habitats.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 03; 231-237
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warunki środowiskowe sprzyjające występowaniu trufli (Tuber spp.) na historycznych stanowiskach w Polsce
Environmental conditions that promote the occurrence of truffles (Tuber spp.) on historical sites in Poland
Autorzy:
Rosa-Gruszecka, A.
Hilszczańska, D.
Szmidla, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1316076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
mikologia
grzyby jadalne
trufla
Tuber
wystepowanie
stanowiska historyczne
warunki srodowiska
warunki glebowe
roslinnosc
truffle
host plants
soil parameters
habitat
historical sites
Opis:
This article highlights historical data regarding truffles’ occurrence in Poland. Along with the soil parameters the plant communities at the sites were studied. The results of the chemical soil analyses showed that the soil water pH at 5 sites was acidic (from 4.3 to 6.1), and only in one, Wiązowna, was the pH (7.2) conductive to truffle development. Similarly, the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in soil samples was low (from 0 to 0.03 %), except for Wiązowna, where CaCO3 was 0.12 %. Among the 24 reported species of trees and shrubs, 7 species were hostplants of summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vitt.). Out of these 7 species, oak and hornbeam were present at four locations. Across the sites, 31 species of ground-layer plants were identified. Among these, Epipactis helleborine was only one host-species of summer truffle. Our findings indicate that the formation of truffle fruiting-bodies depends on specific habitat characteristics. The key factors determining this process are soil parameters, such as: texture, pH and calcium content. Our inventory showed that the sites we studied still persist as natural stands, although only one of them seems to be favorable for truffle development: this site is located in Wi¹zowna, where soil is of pH 7.2 and E. helleborine (host species for truffles from Orchidaceae) is found, fulfills the environmental requirements of truffles.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 1; 5-11
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktywność metaboliczna grzybni trufli letniej Tuber aestivum/Tuber uncinatum Vittad
Metabolic activity of Tuber aestivum/Tuber uncinatum Vittad mycellium
Autorzy:
Jankiewicz, U.
Russel, S.
Bagińska, E.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
celulaza
ksylanaza
lakaza
lipaza
proteaza
Tuber aestivum/uncinatum
cellulase
laccase
lipase
protease
xylanase
Opis:
Celem prezentowanych badań było oznaczenie aktywności enzymów wydzielanych do podłoża przez dwie formy trufli letniej: Tuber aestivum i Tuber uncinatum Vittad. W pracy wykazano, że T. aestivum i T. uncinatum uwalniają do podłoża hodowlanego białka enzymatyczne o aktywności: lakazy, proteazy, lipazy oraz celulazy i ksylanazy. Analiza aktywności enzymatycznej w płynnych hodowlach obu form trufli letniej wykazała znaczne różnice biochemiczne pomiędzy nimi. Obserwowano zdecydowanie większą aktywność zewnątrzkomórkowych enzymów u T. aestivum, szczególnie lakazową i peptydazową. Wyniki badań wskazują na różną swoistość substratową lipaz wydzielanych przez te trufle: T. uncinatum syntetyzuje lipazy wykazujące aktywność tylko do octanu p-nitrofenolu, natomiast T. aestivum – także do palmitynianu p-nitrofenolu. W hodowlach obu form trufli wykryto niewielką aktywność celulolityczną i ksylanolityczną. Ksylanazy i celulazy oraz lakazy wydzielane przez grzybnię obu form tych trufli mogą brać udział w procesie zawiązywania symbiozy mykoryzowej.
Truffle have long been appreciated for their culinary value. However, knowledge about their biochemical activity is still insufficient. Therefore, the aim of this study was to preliminarily assess the enzymatic activity of two forms of summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.). The results showed that studied fungi of the genus truffle (Tuber spp.) – T. aestivum and T. uncinatum secrete extracellular enzymatic proteins with activities of: laccase, protease lipase, cellulase and xylanase. The high activity of the enzyme was observed between 10th and 20th day of truffle cultivation in liquid culture. Higher activity of all tested enzymes was detected in the culture of T. aestivum. Significant differences observed in the level and kind of enzymatic activity might indicate different metabolic activity of studied forms of summer truffle.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2015, 15, 1; 59-68
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ mikronawodnień i nawożenia organicznego na produkcję dwuletnich sadzonek sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) w szkółce leśnej z udziałem zabiegu zoomelioracji
Effect of microirrigation and organic fertilization on the two-yearsold seedling production of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris l.) in forest nurseries with the use of zoo-melioration
Autorzy:
Rolbiecki, R.
Rolbiecki, S.
Klimek, A.
Hilszczańska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/60716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
szkolkarstwo lesne
szkolki lesne
mikronawodnienia
mikrozraszanie
nawadnianie kroplowe
nawozenie organiczne
zoomelioracje
produkcja sadzonek
sadzonki
Pinus sylvestris
wzrost roslin
sila wzrostu
stopien mikoryzacji
roztocze glebowe
Acari
Opis:
Celem badań było określenie wpływu mikronawodnień (mikrozraszania i nawadniania kroplowego) oraz nawożenia organicznego (kompost wyprodukowany na bazie osadów ściekowych) na cechy siły wzrostu i stopień mikoryzacji dwuletnich sadzonek sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) produkowanych z udziałem zabiegu zoomelioracji. Ścisłe dwuletnie (2004–2005) badania polowe przeprowadzono w szkółce leśnej Nadleśnictwa Bydgoszcz w Białych Błotach na glebie rdzawej wytworzonej z piasku luźnego. Czynnikiem pierwszego rzędu było nawadnianie zastosowane w trzech wariantach wodnych: bez nawadniania (kontrola), nawadnianie kroplowe, mikrozraszanie. Czynnik drugiego rzędu stanowiło nawożenie, zastosowane w dwóch wariantach: nawożenie mineralne (standard stosowany w szkółkach leśnych), nawożenie organiczne (kompost). Nawadnianie istotnie zwiększyło wzrost dwuletnich siewek sosny. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w wysokości roślin nawadnianych kroplowo bądź mikrozraszaczami. Zastosowanie kompostu z osadów ściekowych zwiększyło istotnie wysokość i średnicę pędu siewek. Stwierdzono statystycznie udowodnione współdziałanie nawożenia organicznego (kompostu) i nawadniania. Nawadniane kroplowo i nawożone kompostem siewki sosny były wyższe i cechowały się większą średnicą pędu. Czynniki doświadczenia różnicowały stan symbiozy mikoryzowej dwuletnich siewek sosny. Dominującym gatunkiem grzybów tworzących mikoryzy na korzeniach był Thelephora terrestris. Zastosowane w doświadczeniu systemy nawodnień korzystnie wpłynęły na zagęszczenie roztoczy (Acari), w tym mechowców (Oribatida), nie stwierdzono natomiast wpływu nawożenia organicznego na te stawonogi.
The study determined the influence of microirrigation (microjet sprinkling and drip irrigation) and organic fertilization (compost prepared on the base of sewage sludge) on growing vigour and degree of mycorrhiza of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings as well as occurrence of soil mites (Acari) after treatment of edafon inoculation. Two-year (2004–2005) field experiments were carried out in forest nursery at Białe Błota, Forest Inspectorate of Bydgoszcz. Investigations were conducted on a brown podzolic soil formed from loose sandy soil. The first order factor was irrigation used in three treatments: without irrigation (control), drip irrigation, microjet sprinkling. The second order factor was fertilization, used in two variants: mineral fertilization (standard applied in forest nurseries), organic fertilization (compost). The plot area was 4 m2 and contained 4 rows (4m length) of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Total number of plots in each experiment was 24 (3 x 2 x 4). Organic fertilizer was produced on the base of sewage sludge (80%) and highmoor peat (20%). This fertilizer was spread in spring (dose: 100 t · ha-1) and mixed with the topsoil (10 cm deep) before establishing of exact field experiments. Introduction of edaphon consisted in the mixing of topsoil (2 cm deep) with an organic matter obtained from the surface of partial cutting in habitat of fresh coniferous forest. Drip irrigation was done with the use of drip lines „T-Tape” (in-line emitters spaced 20 cm apart). Micro-jet irrigation was done with the use of micro-jets “Hadar”. Terms of irrigation and water rates were established according to “Directives for irrigation of forest nurseries on open areas”. In late autumn the growth of plants was evaluated. The height of seedlings (cm) and shoot diameter (mm) were measured. The soil samples for investigation on mites were taken twice a year (in May and October). The samples of 17 cm2 and 3 cm deep were taken from all plots in 3 replications. Mites were extracted from the material in high gradient Tullgren funnels. Oribatid mites (including the juvenile stages) were determined to species. Other mites were determined to order. The root systems of the seedlings were studied using a stereomicroscope (magnification 10–50x). To standardize the sample, lateral roots were taken from three different levels of the entire root system from each plant (top, middle and bottom), cut into small pieces (ca. 1cm), and mixed in a Petri dish containing water. The percentage of mycorrhizal short roots for each plant was assessed by counting at least 200 short roots from the mixture of segmented roots under the stereomicroscope. Morphotype data were recorded on overall morphology and colour. The experimental data has been statistically processed by variation analysis. Fisher-Snedecor test was used to determine a significance of influence of experimental factors and Tukey test was used to define significant differences between the combinations. Studied irrigation systems significantly increased the height of twoyears’old Scots pine seedlings. There were no significant differences in the seedling height between the two irrigation systems studied (drip irrigation and microjet sprinkling). Fertilization of the seedlings with compost significantly increased the height and diameter of seedlings. Significant interaction of irrigation and organic fertilization was observed. Drip-irrigated Scots pine seedlings grown on plots fertilized with compost were characterized by increased height and diameter. Experimental factors differentiated the mycorrhizal development of 2-years’old Scots pine seedlings. Dominant morphotype belonged to Thelephora terrestris. Studied irrigation systems advantageously affected the abundance of mites (Acari), including Oribatida. An influence of fertilization on these arthropods was not detected.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2007, 1
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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