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Wyszukujesz frazę "R&d" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Nakłady na działalność badawczo-rozwojową a PKB w krajach Unii Europejskiej
R&D Expenditure and GDP in EU Countries
Autorzy:
Dworak, Edyta
Grzelak, Maria M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-08-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
innovation
innovativeness
R&D expenditure
GDP growth
Opis:
The changes that have taken place in the global economy in recent years have testified to a transformation of an industrial economy into a knowledge-based economy, using technological and innovative potential. This transformation has highlighted the competitive advantages of countries and regions specializing in the production of high-tech products. Innovativeness is considered to be one of the most important factors determining the rate and quality of economic growth. Consequently, highly developed countries are conducting research to seek new sources of innovativeness and methods for creating innovative potential. The key determinants of the innovativeness of an economy are expenditure on research and development and the results of R&D efforts embodied in the form of innovations. The article aims to check a theory by Norwegian economist Jan Fagerberg that the technological potential of an economy, expressed as a relation of R&D expenditure to GDP or as a number of patents per capita, determines positively the rate of GDP growth. In the article, the authors analyze the influence of R&D expenditure on GDP per capita in EU countries in 1999-2008. Panel model estimation methods are used in the research. The results of the analysis show that R&D expenditure determines GDP per capita in the studied countries, the authors conclude.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2010, 241, 7-8; 107-120
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The importance of Research and Development expenditure for the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises in Poland. The application of panel models
Znaczenie nakładów na działalność badawczo-rozwojową dla konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw przetwórstwa przemysłowego w Polsce. Zastosowanie modeli panelowych
Autorzy:
Grzelak, Maria M.
Laskowska, Iwona
Roszko-Wójtowicz, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424845.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
R&D expenditure
competitiveness
manufacturing
panel models
Opis:
In contemporary research and economic discussions, a great deal of attention is paid to issues concerning the relationship between competitiveness and research and development (R&D) activity. The measurement and assessment of the impact of R&D activity are extremely difficult but at the same time very important, in particular for authorities determining the level of expenditure on R&D and the method of spending public funds as well as for enterprises assessing the expected profits derived from R&D. The main aim of the article is an attempt to quantify the impact of R&D expenditure on three selected characteristics defining the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises (gross value added, sold production and labour productivity). The analysis was carried out using panel models. The study makes use of statistical data published by the Central Statistical Office for individual divisions of manufacturing (Section C of the Polish Classification of Activities – PKD) in the years 2009-2016. The conducted analyses indicate that R&D expenditure constitutes a significant determinant of the competitiveness of the analysed divisions of manufacturing.
Źródło:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2018, 22, 3; 9-22
1507-3866
Pojawia się w:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of R&D expenditure on productivity in the manufacturing industry in Poland
Autorzy:
Roszko-Wójtowicz, Elżbieta
Grzelak, Maria M.
Laskowska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
R&D expenditure
competitiveness
manufacturing
static panel models
dynamic panel models
Opis:
EU strategy documents, including the Europe 2020 Strategy, emphasise the priority role of industry in the growth of EU economies. The aim of the presented research is to measure and assess the impact of expenditure on research and development (R&D) activities on the competitiveness of manufacturing divisions in Poland. Labour productivity, expressed as (1) a quotient of gross value added and employment, and (2) a quotient of sold production and employment in the analysed manufacturing divisions, was adopted as the measure of competitiveness. The empirical part of the paper is based on data published by the Central Statistical Office. The analysis covers the period 2009-2017 and provides a contribution to determining the role and importance of research and development as well as innovative activities in shaping competitive advantages of manufacturing enterprises. The obtained results for panel models confirm that R&D expenditure is a secondary factor in changes occurring in the Polish manufacturing industry.
Źródło:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2019, 23, 4; 112-138
1507-3866
Pojawia się w:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In search of key determinants of innovativeness in the regions of the Visegrad group countries
Autorzy:
Roszko-Wójtowicz, Elżbieta
Dańska-Borsiak, Barbara
Grzelak, Maria M.
Pleśniarska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
determinants of innovativeness
R&D expenditure
patent applications
trademark applications
NUTS-2 regions of the Visegrad Group countries
Opis:
Research background: Discussions on the state of the economy in times of crisis focus not only on maintaining or improving innovativeness, but also on the emergence of new dimensions of this phenomenon and changing the significance of individual determinants of innovativeness. Innovativeness is a complex, multidimensional and difficult to measure phenomenon, which implies the need to select various indicators and methods for its assessment. Synthetic measures of innovativeness are widely used in comparative analyses, in particular presenting results in international or interregional cross-sections. The degree of innovativeness should also be assessed at different levels of economic aggregation. The lower the level of aggregation, the easier it becomes to capture the specific determinants of the increase in innovativeness of a given area. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper is to attempt to measure the relationship between expenditures and results of innovative activities for NUTS-2 regions of the Visegrad Group countries. Three variables were adopted to describe the effects of innovative activity: PCT patent applications per billion GDP (in PPS), trademark applications per billion GDP (in PPS) and public-private co-publications per million of population. Methods: The study covered 37 NUTS-2 regions of the Visegrad Group countries in the years 2014?2021. From the point of view of the purpose of the paper and the need to search for the relationship between expenditures on innovative activity and the results of this activity, it is worth emphasizing that the use of static and dynamic econometric models proved to be a substantively correct solution leading to the formulation of clear conclusions. Findings & value added: The conducted research confirmed that business R&D expenditure on GDP has a positive effect on inventions expressed by patents and trademarks, especially in the long run. In addition, the literature review and empirical analyses indicate that the main determinants of innovativeness (both before and during the pandemic) are the expenditures of economic entities on R&D, competences expressed by the level of education or participation in tertiary education, as well as the number of ICT specialists and the percentage of people employed in science and technology. Despite the deterioration of many macroeconomic indicators in the countries of the Visegrad Group, the expenditures of the business sector on R&D in most regions did not decrease between 2019 and 2021. The added value of the paper is the presented research procedure, which can be used in analyses of innovativeness also for other groups of regions.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2022, 13, 4; 1015-1045
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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