Autor: grab. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Cost analysis of hydrogen energy generation
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247356.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen
production
costs analysis
Opis:: Relatively high energy costs and the perspective of running out fossil fuel natural resources stimulates scientists and engineers all over the world to concentrate their efforts on inventing new sources of energy. For decades, hydrogen technology is considered as source of renewable energy. Hydrogen can be used both as the energy carrier as far as substrate in the chemical industry. Plans for hydrogen utilization as the fuel applied to automotive engines also is under investigation. Lot of works describing various technologies for hydrogen processing have come into being, the ways of production and storing this substance have also been worked out. The important part in analysis is costs of applying fuels with respect to their impact on natural environment. As found, these costs are usually difficult to be estimated. In this paper, the main directions in development of hydrogen technologies were analysed concerning total costs for hydrogen processing. As concluded, overall costs of the technology for both hydrogen generation and electric power production are significantly higher with respect to costs for energy generation by coal-fired power plants. The hydrogen production costs characterized themselves with the highest share in overall costs at hydrogen economy, and they depend on technology development. It is expected that overall costs of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen should be remarkably reduced in short-medium term future because of development in: photovoltaic technology – that will contribute to reduce hydrogen production costs by electrolysis process. Additionally, it is expected to reduce costs for hydrogen storage.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 121-126
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: The possibility of use a waste product of biofuels production-glycerol as a fuel to the compression ignition engine
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243807.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: glycerol
alternative fuel
diesel engine
combustion properties
Opis:: The article presents results of tests performed in a combustion research unit (CRU) with the two following fuels: light fuel oil (LFO) and glycerol. The CRU is a constant volume combustion chamber machine equipped with an injection system based on that used in common-rail diesel engines with electromagnetic injectors. This machine allows to compare various combustion properties between fuels for specified parameters of injection and a combustion chamber as well. As it is known glycerol is a substance which is obtained from several technological processes such as production of biofuel thus in this way it can be treated as an alternative renewable fuel. The glycerol is characterized by low heating value of 16MJ/kg and relatively high density of 1261 kg/m3. However, its heating value by volume is higher if compared to other liquid fuels. From that reason decrease in energy that can be delivered with fuel is smaller which is approximately 16% lest than for LFO. The parameters measured during this research were: pressure increase, rate of pressure increase (ROPR), ignition delay (ID), main reaction delay (MRD), main combustion period (MCP), end of main combustion (EMC), end of combustion (EC), position of max ROPR (PMR) and max ROPR. The tests were performed with different injection parameters such as injection pressure, injection duration and injection delay as well as under various conditions in the CRU combustion chamber expressed by pressure and temperature. On the basis of these tests the comparison between LFO and glycerol was done. The results were presented in diagrams. The research shows that glycerol used as a fuel, to obtain the same output power, should be injected at higher amounts. Glycerol as a fuel cannot ignite itself, hence to provide combustion the pilot injection of another fuel have to be applied.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 157-164
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Hydrogen-diesel co-combustion anomalies in a CI engine
Anomalie przebiegu spalania wodoru z olejem napędowym w silniku wysokoprężnym
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244062.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: wodór
silnik z zapłonem samoczynnym
spalanie stukowe
sprawność indykowana
hydrogen
compression ignition engine
combustion knock
indicated efficiency
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalne wyniki z indykowania silnika wysokoprężnego z wtryskiem bezpośrednim oleju napędowego, w którym wodór współspalano z olejem napędowym. Wodór do silnika był doprowadzany przez urządzenie wtryskowe zamontowane na kolektorze dolotowym. Następnie poddano analizie przebiegi ciśnień podczas współspalania wodoru, którego udział energetyczny w całkowitej dawce paliwa wahał się od zera do kilkunastu procent. Pomiary przeprowadzono dla mieszanek ubogich. Analiza numeryczna danych eksperymentalnych pozwoliła uzyskać odpowiedzi na następujące zagadnienia: prędkość spalania, przebieg wydzielania ciepła i spalanie stukowe. Przy niesprzyjających warunkach wodór jako paliwo silnikowe ma skłonności do generowania tzw. „stuku" począwszy już od chwili jego zapłonu w komorze spalania silnika. Takim niesprzyjającym warunkiem w silniku wysokoprężnym jest wysoki stopień sprężania. Z drugiej strony efekt spalania stukowego można złagodzić spalając mieszankę palną przy dużym nadmiarze powietrza, co zostało zaobserwowane w silniku z zapłonem iskrowym zasilanym wodorem. Ponadto, współspalanie wodoru z olejem napędowym w silniku wysokoprężnym powinno przynieść korzyści w postaci zwiększenia sprawności indykowanej silnika, ze względu na przyśpieszenie procesu spalania oraz niższą emisję cząstek stałych PM ze względu na lepsze ujednorodnienie mieszanki palnej. Uzyskane przez autorów rezultaty skłaniają do kontynuacji badań w zakresie wykorzystania wodoru jako paliwa, nie tylko dla silnika z zapłonem iskrowym, ale również dla silnika z zapłonem samoczynnym, w którym zapłon inicjowany byłby pilotową dawką oleju napędowego.
Hydrogen as an engine fuel has tendency to generate knock, which starts from ignition in a combustion chamber under unfavorable conditions. In the CI engine such the unfavorable condition is high compression ratio (CR). Anyway, knock effect should be reduced. Burning lean air-fuel mixture is the effective method to achieve combustion without knock. Furthermore, burning diesel with hydrogen should increase the engine indicated efficiency due to increase of a combustion speed, which can be expressed by the mass fraction burnt (MFB). Hydrogen addition should also reduce the PM emission in the exhaust. The experimental results of indicating a compression ignition (CI) direct injection engine, in which hydrogen with diesel was co-combusted, are presented in the paper. Hydrogen was delivered to the engine cylinder by an injector mounted on an intake manifold. Hydrogen was injected at amount in the range of 0 to few percent of its energy share in relation to the entire energy of both diesel and hydrogen doses. Investigation was performed for lean air-hydrogen-diesel combustible mixture. The experimental data analysis makes it possible to find several correlations as follows: mass fraction burnt (MFB), coefficient of variation of indicated mean effective pressure (COVpi) and combustion knock intensity with the hydrogen energy share. The results of investigation obtained by authors induce to continue research on hydrogen as fuel not only for the SI engine but also for the CI engine, where hydrogen would assist diesel or it would be considered as basic fuel ignited by a diesel pilot.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 109-116
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Hydrogen-diesel co-combustion anomalies in a CI engine
Anomalie przebiegu spalania wodoru z olejem napędowym w silniku wysokoprężnym
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247558.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: wodór
silnik z zapłonem samoczynnym
sprawność indykowana
spalanie stukowe
hydrogen
compression ignition engine
combustion knock
indicated efficiency
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalne wyniki z indykowania silnika wysokoprężnego z wtryskiem bezpośrednim oleju napędowego, w którym wodór współspalano z olejem napędowym. Wodór do silnika był doprowadzany przez urządzenie wtryskowe zamontowane na kolektorze dolotowym. Następnie poddano analizie przebiegi ciśnień podczas współspalania wodoru, którego udział energetyczny w całkowitej dawce paliwa wahał się od zera do kilkunastu procent. Pomiary przeprowadzono dla mieszanek ubogich. Analiza numeryczna danych eksperymentalnych pozwoliła uzyskać odpowiedzi na następujące zagadnienia: prędkość spalania, przebieg wydzielania ciepła i spalanie stukowe. Przy niesprzyjających warunkach wodór jako paliwo silnikowe ma skłonności do generowania tzw. "stuku" począwszy już od chwili jego zapłonu w komorze spalania silnika. Takim niesprzyjającym warunkiem w silniku wysokoprężnym jest wysoki stopień sprężania. Z drugiej strony efekt spalania stukowego można złagodzić spalając mieszankę palną przy dużym nadmiarze powietrza, co zostało zaobserwowane w silniku z zapłonem iskrowym zasilanym wodorem. Ponadto, współspalanie wodoru z olejem napędowym w silniku wysokoprężnym powinno przynieść korzyści w postaci zwiększenia sprawności indykowanej silnika, ze względu na przyśpieszenie procesu spalania oraz niższą emisję cząstek stałych PM ze względu na lepsze ujednorodnienie mieszanki palnej. Uzyskane przez autorów rezultaty skłaniają do kontynuacji badań w zakresie wykorzystania wodoru jako paliwa, nie tylko dla silnika z zapłonem iskrowym, ale również dla silnika z zapłonem samoczynnym, w którym zapłon inicjowany byłby pilotową dawką oleju napędowego.
Hydrogen as an engine fuel has tendency to generate knock, which starts from ignition in a combustion chamber under unfavourable conditions. In the CI engine such the unfavourable condition is high compression ratio (CR). Anyway, knock effect should be reduced. Burning lean air-fuel mixture is the effective method to achieve combustion without knock. Furthermore, burning diesel with hydrogen should increase the engine indicated efficiency due to increase of a combustion speed, which can be expressed by the mass fraction burnt (MFB). Hydrogen addition should also reduce the PM emission in the exhaust. The experimental results of indicating a compression ignition (CI) direct injection engine, in which hydrogen with diesel was co-combusted, are presented in the paper. Hydrogen was delivered to the engine cylinder by an injector mounted on an intake manifold. Hydrogen was injected at amount in the range of 0 to few percent of its energy share in relation to the entire energy of both diesel and hydrogen doses. Investigation was performed for lean air-hydrogen-diesel combustible mixture. The experimental data analysis makes it possible to find several correlations as follows: mass fraction burnt (MFB), coefficient of variation of indicated mean effective pressure (COVpi) and combustion knock intensity with the hydrogen energy share. The results of investigation obtained by authors induce to continue research on hydrogen as fuel not only for the SI engine but also for the CI engine, where hydrogen would assist diesel or it would be considered as basic fuel ignited by a diesel pilot.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 163-170
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Influence of intake valve closure angle on IC engine indicated parameters
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244790.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: over-expanded cycle
turbocharging
valve timing
CNG
Opis:: The paper presents results of modelling study of influence of an intake valve closure angle on IC engine indicated parameters. The modelled engine was Andoria S231, which was working on methane. At first, optimizations of the model were done by comparison of the indicated mean effective pressure for real engine and modelled engine. Next, modelling was done for early intake valve closure angle in comparison to original closure angle. The engine was simulated as a naturally aspirated one and for the cases such indicated; parameters as indicated efficiency, mean indicated pressure, fuel consumption were calculated. During the modelling ignition, timing and air-fuel ratio were fixed. For better comparison for two cases of early intake valve closure angle the engine was modelled as super-charged one where mean indicated pressure was fixed at the same level as for the naturally aspirated engine working with original valve timing and indicated parameters were calculated and compared with in parameters determined from this naturally aspirated engine. Because of the calculations, characteristics of indicated parameters vs. intake valve closure angle were computed. As a result of this research, both the decrease in indicated efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure were shown, temperature of fresh charge, end of compression stroke and maximum in-cylinder temperature were observed for naturally aspirated engine with early intake valve closure angle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 3; 29-35
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The Miller cycle based IC engine fuelled with a CNG/hydrogen
Autorzy:: Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Tutak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246306.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen
miller cycle
gaseous fuels
combustion engines
Opis:: The results of research conducted on a supercharged spark ignition gaseous engine are exposed in the paper. The engine was modified to work as an engine with the Miller cycle. Modification of the engine, that allowed it to work in the Miller cycle, dealt particularly with the camshaft. This modification allows changing both intake and exhaust timings independently with limitations of ±20 deg. During the research, the engine was fuelled with compressed natural gas or hydrogen optionally. It was for making comparison between selected engine parameters, while the engine was working on two significantly different fuels. Both fuels were delivered to intake manifold close to intake valve through a fuel mixer. During the research, pressure data was collected with various both spark ignition timings and equivalence ratios, and boost pressures. On the basis of obtained data the parameters as follows: indicated mean effective pressure, coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure, Normalized Mass Fraction Burn and Heat Release Rate were calculated and discussed. As observed optimal ignition, timing is advanced for the engine working on hydrogen or natural gas as fuel with the Miller cycle when compared to the classic Otto cycle applied to this engine. In all tests of the engine with the Miller cycle coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure indicates good stability of engine work. Finally, the engine working on hydrogen is characterized by shorter combustion period that resulted from higher laminar flame speed compared to the natural gas fuelled engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 137-144
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Skojarzone wytwarzanie energii elektrycznej, ciepła i chłodu w instalacji z biogazowym silnikiem tłokowym
Combined heat, power and cold from the plant driven by a biogas reciprocating engine
Autorzy:: Pyrc, M.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/250798.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Opis:: Tematyka pracy związana jest z systemami trójgeneracyjnymi. Zawarto w niej opis paliwa biogazowego jako alternatywę do zasilania silników stacjonarnych, elementy układu trójgeneracyjnego, cele stosowania trójgeneracji. Zaprojektowano koncepcyjny model takiego układu o mocy 80kWe z przeznaczeniem dla hali sportowej. Przedstawiono podstawowe elementy tego układu z jego parametrami i kosztami zużywanego paliwa. Jako podsumowanie dołączono bilans energijny tej koncepcji. W podsumowaniu zawarto możliwości wdrożenia takiego układu z uwzględnieniem zużywanego paliwa, a także korzyści płynące z użytkowania tego typu urządzeń. Przedstawiono, gdzie i kiedy można używać takich układów i czy warto inwestować w tego typu urządzenia.
The subject matter of this thesis refers to trigeneration systems. The thesis includes a description of biogas as an alternative to powering reciprocating engines, the elements of trigeneration systems, the purpose of using trigeneration. Additionally, a conceptual model of such a system with a power of 80kW has been designed for the sports hall. The thesis presents the essential elements of this system along with its parameters and costs of the fuel used. At the end, the energy balance of this concept has been attached. The conclusion includes the possibilities of implementing such a system considering the fuel used as well as the benefits of using such devices. The thesis presents where and when these systems can be used and whether it is worth investing in this type of equipment.
Źródło:: TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2015, 12; 2835-2838
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:: TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Modelling of the over-expanded cycle combustion engine
Autorzy:: Jamrozik, A.
Tutak, W.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245973.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: over-expanded cycle
methane
gas engine
modelling
Opis:: The study concerns numerical tests of an internal combustion engine operating according to the over-expanded cycle carried out in the AVL Fire software. The research covered the modelling of a full working cycle of a conventional engine operating in accordance with the classic Otto cycle and an engine operating on the basis of an over-expanded cycle – the Atkinson cycle. As part of the work, three cases of Atkinson’s cycle were analysed, by closing the inlet valve before BDC (21º before BDC) and closing the valve after BDC (41º and 75º after BDC). As a result of modelling, space-time distributions of velocity, pressure and temperature in the cylinder of the modelled engine were obtained. Optimizations of the analysed cycles were carried out, finding the best ignition timing, at which it is possible to obtain the highest efficiency and the highest indicated mean effective pressure. The calculations showed that the engine operating according to the over-expanded cycle in order to obtain the best operating parameters requires earlier ignition timing compared to the conventional engine. In addition, in the engine operating according to the Atkinson cycle, there is a drop in the indicated mean effective pressure and an increase in the indicated thermal efficiency compared to the engine operating by the classical cycle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 237-245
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Torgas condensate combustion in the SI engine
Autorzy:: Chwist, M.
Szwaja, S.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Poskart, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949504.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: SI engine
butanol
bio-oil
torgas condensate
exhaust emission
torrefaction
Opis:: The article presents results from IC engine tests on combustion of alcohol fuel with the addition of torgas condensate. Torgas is a by-product created from the torrefaction of Sida hermaphrodita. It was obtained from torrefaction carried out at a temperature of 400°C. Torgas was condensed in a tubular cooler. The basic fuel was butanol. This fuel was chosen, because regular hydrocarbon based fuels got delaminated while blended with torgas condensate. The condensate dissolves in alcohol therefore the choice was justified. In the mixture, the volume ratio of alcohol to condensate was 4:1. The combustion was carried out in a spark-ignition, single-cylinder engine with a cubic capacity of 650 cm3. The engine was able to vary its compression ratio. The engine worked at full load at maximum open throttle. The engine body was heated to a temperature of 95°C and this temperature was maintained throughout the testing period. The engine was running at 850 rpm. The first stage of the experiment included determination of the optimal ignition angle for butanol as a reference fuel and for a mixture of butanol and torgas condensate. The optimal spark angle was estimated based on the maximum indicated work. Three compression ratios, i.e.: CR=8.8, 10 and 11.2 were used. All tests were performed for a stoichiometric air fuel ratio. The obtained in-cylinder pressure diagrams for the reference fuel and the fuel with the addition of condensate were compared with each other. The rate of pressure increase inside the cylinder was calculated. For all tests, the following exhaust components were measured: CO2, CO and HC.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 33-38
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Informacja

Wyszukujesz frazę "grab." wg kryterium: Autor

Źródło danych

Dostawca treści

Kolekcja

Rok wydania

Wydawca

Temat

Autor

Typ dokumentu

Język