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Wyszukujesz frazę "Karolewski, M." wg kryterium: Autor

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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Temperature effects performance of Lymantria dispar larvae feeding on leaves of Quercus robur
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P
    Grzebyta, J.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    herbivore insect
    sex ratio
    Lymantria dispar
    larva
    gypsy moth
    feeding
    leaf
    oak
    English oak
    Quercus robur
    pedunculate oak
    temperature
    performance
    Opis:
    Future climatic warming may modifyinsect development, sex ratio, quantitative changes in populations that could affect the frequency of outbreaks. Here we analyzed the influence of temperature on larval growth and development in the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.). The larvae were reared at three constant temperatures: 15, 20 or 25°C, and fed with leaves of the English oak (Quercus robur L.). Larval mortality, duration of development (DD), relative growth rate (RGR), total mass of food eaten (TFE), and pupal mass (PM) were estimated. Larval mortality was lowest at 20°C, higher at 25°C, and highest at 15°C. DD significantly decreased with increasing temperature and depended on sex. The influence of temperature on the shortening of DD was stronger in males than in females. RGR significantly depended on temperature and was the highest at 25°C, and lowest at 15°C. At 15°C, RGR did not change markedly with time. In contrast, RGR at 20°C was characterized bya continuous decreasing trend. At 25°C, RGR was very high for 2 weeks but quickly declined afterwards. Temperature did not affect the TFE. PM was significantly correlated with temperature and sex. PM of females was higher at 20°C than at 15 and 25°C, in contrast to that of males, which was similar at 20 and 25°C, and higher than at 15°C. For larval growth and development, the most favourable was the medium temperature (20°C). The least favourable temperature for females was 25°C, for males 15°C. The results suggest that global warming may modifythe future sex ratio of gypsy moths that may affect insect development and outbreaks.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 58; 43-49
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Species composition of arthropods on six understory plant species growing in high and low light conditions
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P.
    Lukowski, A.
    Adamczyk, D.
    Zmuda, M.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Maderek, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Cornus sanguinea
    Corylus avellane
    Frangula alnus
    Prunus padus
    Prunus serotine
    Sambucus nigra
    Opis:
    The quality of leaves as food for insects is affected both by plant species and the light conditions present during growth. Little information exists concerning the impact of these factors on the diversity of insects that live in the forest understory. We studied arthropod fauna on six understory plant species commonly occurring in Europe. Different groups of herbivorous insects were identified, as well as predatory insects and arachnids. We analysed the influence of both plant species and light conditions during growth (low light; high light) on the species spectrum, and the number of insect specimens present. The resulting data were investigated in relation to the susceptibility of plant leaves to feeding by folivorous insects, as determined in earlier studies. We compared the similarity in species diversity, based on the Sørensen’s coefficient, and discussed the potential causes of observed differences in leaf damages. We found a total of 153 arthropod taxa on studied plants, under both light conditions. Corylus avellana and Prunus serotina, species characterized by greater leaf damage, have a wider diversity of arthropod species, and a greater number of herbivorous insects. Generally, light conditions had a greater effect on arthropod abundance than on species diversity. For two plant species, C. avellana and P. serotina, light conditions strongly, but reversely, influenced the total number of insects and, thus, the extent of leaf damage. The number and abundance of zoophagous species, and ratio to folivores (except C. avellana) are associated more with plant species than with light conditions
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2020, 84; 58-80
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of elevated temperature and fluorine pollution on relations between the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) and oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides)
    Autorzy:
    Grzebyta, J
    Karolewski, P.
    Zytkowiak, R.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Werner, A.
    Zadworny, M.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    pedunculate oak
    Quercus robur
    environment pollution
    phenol
    tannin
    lignin
    carbohydrate
    starch
    nitrogen
    fluorine
    oak powdery mildew
    Microsphaera alphitoides
    soil pollution
    Opis:
    Effects of elevated temperature and soil pollution with fluorine on host-pathogen relations were studied in seedlings of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) inoculated with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) and control seedlings. The plants were grown for 1month in elevated temperature (on average by 1.6°C) and soil pollution with sodium fluoride (330 ppm F). The above factors did not have any significant effect on nitrogen content of leaves or on concentrations of metabolites favourable to growth and development of the fungal pathogen (total non-structural carbohydrates, including soluble carbohydrates and starch) and those unfavourable to fungi (soluble phenols, condensed tannins and lignins). The elevated temperature and fluorine pollution did not affect the leaf infection rate. However, a significant temperature × pollution interaction was observed in inoculated seedlings. At the elevated temperature, fluorine caused a less severe infection by powdery mildew. This could be due to a direct toxic effect of fluorine on the pathogen or by an indirect influence, resulting from changes in levels of other metabolites, which were not analysed in this study. The inoculation of oak seedlings with powdery mildew caused a decline in the carbohydrate content of leaves but did not have any significant effect on levels of other analysed metabolites. However, it significantly affected the distribution of phenols and lignins in oak leaves. Those compounds accumulated within necrotic lesions and in adjacent cells. Our results do not enable drawing definite conclusions on effects of a slight rise in temperature and a relatively low level of fluorine pollution of the soil on relations between the pedunculate oak and oak powdery mildew. Lower values of the leaf infection rate in seedlings growing in elevated temperature and fluorine pollution suggest that in warmer years a lower level of infection by M. alphitoides may be expected in areas affected by fluorine pollution.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2005, 53; 27-33
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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