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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    The influence of shade on phenolic compounds in Scots pine
    Autorzy:
    Giertych, M.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41283.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    light reduction
    Scotch pine
    ortho-diphenol
    pollution
    shade
    Pinus sylvestris
    bioindication
    insolation
    total phenol
    phenolic compound
    Opis:
    The influence of light reduction on the growth and phenolic compounds contents in Scots pine trees and seedlings was studied. Results of the first experiment in field conditions show that shade causes an increase of phenolic compounds and in the second experiment with seedlings under controlled shading conditions the results were opposite. It is suggested that the factor insolation should be paid more attention during the studies on the influence of pollution on the content of phenolic compounds.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2001, 46
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of cutting off distal ends of Quercus robur acorns on seedling growth and their infection by the fungus Erysiphe alphitoides in different light conditions
    Autorzy:
    Giertych, M.J.
    Suszka, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    oak
    pedunculate oak
    container nursery
    oak powdery mildew
    Quercus robur
    seedling growth
    plant infection
    fungi
    Erysiphe alphitoides
    light condition
    phenology
    Opis:
    Quercus robur seedlings are very often infested by oak powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe alphitoides. This disease attacks primary leaves with high insolation. In our experiment seedling growth in different light conditions was observed. Seedlings were derived from intact seeds or from seeds where the distal ends of acorns were cut off. Acorns were sown in pots at four light conditions (2%, 8% and 30% light transmittance and in full sunlight). For half of the seedlings we reduced the influence of powdery mildew by using a fungicide. Height of seedlings, shoot dry mass and the degree of damage caused by Erysiphe alphitoides were measured. The highest damages were in full light conditions and the lowest in the 30% light treatment. The influence of acorn reduction on powdery mildew infection was not significant (p=0.0763), however, in the full light conditions the seedlings from cut acorns were ca. 30% less damaged. The cutting of acorns also alters the height of seedlings and shoot mass. The tallest seedlings were from cut seeds growing in the 30% light treatment. The influence of the fungicide was lowest in the 30% light treatment where the decrease in damage was only ca. 10%. For nursery practice we can say that oak seedling production from cut off acorns under 30% light transmittance should give the best results of seedling growth even without the fungicide application.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2010, 64
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ jemioły (Viscum album) na jakość nasion sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris)
    Influence of mistletoe (Viscum album) on the quality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Jasiczek, N.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Suszka, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987164.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Nadlesnictwo Bolewice
    drzewostany nasienne
    drzewa lesne
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    nasiona
    jakosc nasion
    kielkowanie nasion
    wielkosc szyszek
    produkcja nasion
    czynniki biotyczne
    polpasozyty
    jemiola
    Viscum album
    seed quality
    germination
    seed production
    semiparasite
    cone size
    Opis:
    Mistletoe is semiparasite adversely affecting the functioning of their hosts especially at water management level. So far, there have been no reports about the impact of mistletoe on seeds from any host. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of the presence of mistletoe on the quality of the seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Unopened cones from infected and uninfected trees were collected in April 2015 in the Excluded Seed Stand in Bolewice Forest District (52°2354.347N; 16°0501.978E). Measurements of cones and seeds were made. Some seeds were used for pot experiment, where the seedlings were planted from May to October 2015. On the second part of the seeds in the end of July and August germination tests were made. The size and mass of the cones, the number and weight of seeds, and the height and weight of the seedlings were lower for the material collected from the mistletoe trees. The differences were not large but statistically significant (tabs. 1 and 2). The results showed that mistletoe has a negative impact on the parameters of cones, seedlings and seeds quality.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 07; 558-564
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Temperature effects performance of Lymantria dispar larvae feeding on leaves of Quercus robur
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P
    Grzebyta, J.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    herbivore insect
    sex ratio
    Lymantria dispar
    larva
    gypsy moth
    feeding
    leaf
    oak
    English oak
    Quercus robur
    pedunculate oak
    temperature
    performance
    Opis:
    Future climatic warming may modifyinsect development, sex ratio, quantitative changes in populations that could affect the frequency of outbreaks. Here we analyzed the influence of temperature on larval growth and development in the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.). The larvae were reared at three constant temperatures: 15, 20 or 25°C, and fed with leaves of the English oak (Quercus robur L.). Larval mortality, duration of development (DD), relative growth rate (RGR), total mass of food eaten (TFE), and pupal mass (PM) were estimated. Larval mortality was lowest at 20°C, higher at 25°C, and highest at 15°C. DD significantly decreased with increasing temperature and depended on sex. The influence of temperature on the shortening of DD was stronger in males than in females. RGR significantly depended on temperature and was the highest at 25°C, and lowest at 15°C. At 15°C, RGR did not change markedly with time. In contrast, RGR at 20°C was characterized bya continuous decreasing trend. At 25°C, RGR was very high for 2 weeks but quickly declined afterwards. Temperature did not affect the TFE. PM was significantly correlated with temperature and sex. PM of females was higher at 20°C than at 15 and 25°C, in contrast to that of males, which was similar at 20 and 25°C, and higher than at 15°C. For larval growth and development, the most favourable was the medium temperature (20°C). The least favourable temperature for females was 25°C, for males 15°C. The results suggest that global warming may modifythe future sex ratio of gypsy moths that may affect insect development and outbreaks.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 58; 43-49
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Species composition of arthropods on six understory plant species growing in high and low light conditions
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P.
    Lukowski, A.
    Adamczyk, D.
    Zmuda, M.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Maderek, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Cornus sanguinea
    Corylus avellane
    Frangula alnus
    Prunus padus
    Prunus serotine
    Sambucus nigra
    Opis:
    The quality of leaves as food for insects is affected both by plant species and the light conditions present during growth. Little information exists concerning the impact of these factors on the diversity of insects that live in the forest understory. We studied arthropod fauna on six understory plant species commonly occurring in Europe. Different groups of herbivorous insects were identified, as well as predatory insects and arachnids. We analysed the influence of both plant species and light conditions during growth (low light; high light) on the species spectrum, and the number of insect specimens present. The resulting data were investigated in relation to the susceptibility of plant leaves to feeding by folivorous insects, as determined in earlier studies. We compared the similarity in species diversity, based on the Sørensen’s coefficient, and discussed the potential causes of observed differences in leaf damages. We found a total of 153 arthropod taxa on studied plants, under both light conditions. Corylus avellana and Prunus serotina, species characterized by greater leaf damage, have a wider diversity of arthropod species, and a greater number of herbivorous insects. Generally, light conditions had a greater effect on arthropod abundance than on species diversity. For two plant species, C. avellana and P. serotina, light conditions strongly, but reversely, influenced the total number of insects and, thus, the extent of leaf damage. The number and abundance of zoophagous species, and ratio to folivores (except C. avellana) are associated more with plant species than with light conditions
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2020, 84; 58-80
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jemioła jako zagrożenie dla zdrowotności drzewostanów iglastych
    Mistletoe as a threat to the health state of coniferous forest
    Autorzy:
    Iszkuło, G.
    Armatys, L.
    Dering, M.
    Ksepko, M.
    Tomaszewski, D.
    Ważna, A.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979023.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany iglaste
    Viscum album
    leśnictwo
    zagrożenia drzewostanów
    rośliny pasożytnicze
    jemioła pospolita
    porażenie drzew
    występowanie
    oddziaływanie na rośliny
    parasitic plant
    infestation
    biotic forest disturbance
    Opis:
    The forest area infected by mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in Europe has been increasing in recent years. The highest potential threat is posed by Viscum album subsp. austriacum, a parasite of Pinus sylvestris, and V. album subsp. abietis, a parasite of Abies alba. The paper presents a literature review related to biology, ecology and possible methods of limiting the negative impact of mistletoe on forest management. The vast majority of studies indicate that the presence of mistletoe negatively affects the growth as well as defensive and reproductive capabilities of trees. Due to the wasteful water management of the parasite, infected trees are particularly vulnerable to weakening during periods of drought. Mistletoe is a heliophilous taxon and forest breeding treatments should reduce light intensity in the forest canopy. Foresters should resign from leaving individual and group seed trees in forest stands inhabited by mistletoe after the cuts, because they may be a source of seeds for the parasite invasion to the neighboring stands. The most effective method against mistletoe is cutting out the infected trees. However, removal of individual trees in forest stand may be difficult, because the most often they are the dominant and hence the most vulnerable trees in the forest management. Mistletoe is also noticeable when the number of infected trees is already very large and they cannot be removed without disturbing the stability of the forest stand. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop methods for monitoring stands for early detection of threat. Remote sensing methods can be very useful. It is also necessary to develop management strategies with mistletoe infected stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 226-236
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of elevated temperature and fluorine pollution on relations between the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) and oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides)
    Autorzy:
    Grzebyta, J
    Karolewski, P.
    Zytkowiak, R.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Werner, A.
    Zadworny, M.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    pedunculate oak
    Quercus robur
    environment pollution
    phenol
    tannin
    lignin
    carbohydrate
    starch
    nitrogen
    fluorine
    oak powdery mildew
    Microsphaera alphitoides
    soil pollution
    Opis:
    Effects of elevated temperature and soil pollution with fluorine on host-pathogen relations were studied in seedlings of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) inoculated with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) and control seedlings. The plants were grown for 1month in elevated temperature (on average by 1.6°C) and soil pollution with sodium fluoride (330 ppm F). The above factors did not have any significant effect on nitrogen content of leaves or on concentrations of metabolites favourable to growth and development of the fungal pathogen (total non-structural carbohydrates, including soluble carbohydrates and starch) and those unfavourable to fungi (soluble phenols, condensed tannins and lignins). The elevated temperature and fluorine pollution did not affect the leaf infection rate. However, a significant temperature × pollution interaction was observed in inoculated seedlings. At the elevated temperature, fluorine caused a less severe infection by powdery mildew. This could be due to a direct toxic effect of fluorine on the pathogen or by an indirect influence, resulting from changes in levels of other metabolites, which were not analysed in this study. The inoculation of oak seedlings with powdery mildew caused a decline in the carbohydrate content of leaves but did not have any significant effect on levels of other analysed metabolites. However, it significantly affected the distribution of phenols and lignins in oak leaves. Those compounds accumulated within necrotic lesions and in adjacent cells. Our results do not enable drawing definite conclusions on effects of a slight rise in temperature and a relatively low level of fluorine pollution of the soil on relations between the pedunculate oak and oak powdery mildew. Lower values of the leaf infection rate in seedlings growing in elevated temperature and fluorine pollution suggest that in warmer years a lower level of infection by M. alphitoides may be expected in areas affected by fluorine pollution.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2005, 53; 27-33
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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