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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów świerkowych Gór Sowich
    Damage to spruce stands in the Sowie Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Kluziński, L.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990883.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Gory Sowie
    drzewostany swierkowe
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    uszkodzenia drzew
    korony drzew
    reakcje przyrostowe
    warunki srodowiska
    degree of damage
    growth response
    picea abies
    poland
    Opis:
    The aim of the research was to assess the degree of damage to spruce trees and stands and to study their growth responses to the changing environmental conditions in the Sowie Mountains (Central Sudety Mts.). To assess the degree of damage to trees, three methods based on crown characteristics were used. The types of growth responses of trees to changing environmental conditions were additionally taken into account in one of the methods. Regardless of the assessment method, spruce stands in the Sowie Mountains demonstrated a high level of damage. The poorest growth conditions were found in the period 1966−1980 when a large number of trees showed negative growth responses, indicating a decrease in radial increment. The period 1996−2010 showed an improvement in the growth conditions of trees because the proportion of trees with negative growth responses decreased, while the proportion of trees with positive growth responses increased. It was also found that the growth conditions for spruce were more favourable in the lower montane forest zone (above 600 m a.s.l.), and less favourable at the foothills (below 600 m a.s.l.), which may be caused by the competition of beech replacing spruce in the lower locations in the mountains.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 03; 173-182
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Drzewostanowa metoda określania uszkodzenia świerka
    Method of assessment the damage to Norway spruce stands
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016295.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    defoliacja
    uszkodzenia drzew
    wskaznik uszkodzenia drzew
    metoda drzewostanowa
    Picea abies
    lesnictwo
    kryteria oceny
    metody oceny
    swierk pospolity
    drzewa lesne
    methods of assessment the damage to stands
    norway spruce
    Opis:
    Paper presents two variants of the method of assessment the damage to the Norway spruce stands that were determined on the basis of the crown development. The first one is based on the tree's defoliation, the other – on the tree's damage index W that includes defoliation (feature A), condition of the tree−top (feature B) and tree's vitality (feature C). Mean defoliation or index W is used to determine one of the four classes of the stand damage. The accuracy of both variants was worked out and minimum number of sample trees required within assumed standard errors of assessed features. Alarming picture of Norway spruce stands in Polish Carpathians and Sudety Mountains appeared for the damaged stands prevail while there is no undamaged stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 06; 24-33
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kryteria określania uszkodzenia świerka
    Criteria for assessment of the damage to Norway spruce
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    defoliacja
    uszkodzenia drzew
    stan wierzcholka drzewa
    zywotnosc
    Picea abies
    lesnictwo
    kryteria oceny
    swierk pospolity
    drzewa lesne
    criteria for assessment of the damage to trees
    defoliation
    vitality
    top condition
    norway spruce
    Opis:
    The paper presents the criteria for assessment of the damage to Norway spruce determined on the basis of its crown development. Three features were included: condition of the assimilation apparatus (feature A), condition of the tree−top (feature B) and tree vitality (feature C). Feature A is based on the defoliation. Feature B assesses the length of the last height increments and their branching models. Feature C includes the loss of branches in the middle part of the crown, the presence of branches of 2nd and higher orders as well as condition of proventive sprouts (developed from dormant buds). Determined criteria may be applied in the methods of assessment of the damage to stands and larger forest objects e.g. management region, forest region, nature−forest regions.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 06; 12-23
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reakcja przyrostowa świerka w powiązaniu ze stopniem uszkodzenia korony
    Increment reaction of Norway spruce in connection with the crown damage level
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016122.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    korony drzew
    stopien uszkodzenia
    Picea abies
    lesnictwo
    piersnice drzew
    przyrosty roczne
    przyrost drzew
    swierk pospolity
    drzewa lesne
    increment of the diameter at the breast height
    increment reaction
    criteria of the assessment
    the damage to trees
    defoliation
    vitality
    tree−top condition
    norway spruce
    Opis:
    The study presents the analysis of the increment of tree diameter at the breast height in connection with two variants of the method of assessment the damage to Norway spruce stands. Variants utilise different assessment criteria. The first one is based on the tree's defoliation, the other one – on the damage index W that links defoliation, condition of the tree−top and branching in the middle part of the crown. Detected relations between damage criteria and type of the increment reaction show that index W characterises the damage to trees and stands better than feature A (defoliation). Therefore, method of assessment the damage to trees and stands based on this parameter is suggested for utilisation in the forestry practice.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 11; 22-34
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozpad drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Żywieckim
    Dieback of Norway spruce stands in the Beskid Zywiecki Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Zywiecki
    drzewostany swierkowe
    rozpad drzewostanow
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    struktura drzewostanu
    struktura wiekowa
    struktura gatunkowa
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    struktura pozyskania
    zagrozenia lasu
    wiatry
    szkody od wiatru
    forest dieback
    picea abies
    species structure
    age structure
    timber harvest
    threat to forests by wind
    Opis:
    In the Beskid Żywiecki, the combination of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors unfavourable for the growth of trees led to the dieback of spruce stands. The intensification of this process began after the hurricane in November 2004, followed by years of negative climatic water balance. The deterioration of tree growth conditions occurred after the drought in July 2006 and damage caused by the Kyril hurricane in January 2007. The weakened spruces were attacked by the bark beetles, the outbreak of which caused a massive dieback of spruce stands. In order to assess the volume of harvested timber in years 2004−2016, the volume of allowable cut (model volume) was calculated from the stand growth model for each forest district of Beskid Żywiecki. The comparison of the volume of harvested timber with the model volume allowed to determine the rate of dieback of spruce stands. The volume of harvested timber in 2007−2009 exceeded the model volume even 2.5 times. The cuts included mainly deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, while the harvest of live trees was scarce. In the period 2010−2013, the harvested volume of live trees accounted for 50−70% of the model volume, the volume of deadwood in the same period was ca. 100% and additionally the volume of blown−down timber after the hurricane was 20−40% of the model volume, which taken together accounted approximately to 200% of the model volume. The execution of such harvesting operations, including silvicultural tasks, did not allow to carry out optimal forest management. The period 2010−2013 saw a downward trend. It was disrupted by the hurricane in December 2013, after which the volume of harvested timber, consisting mainly of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, increased to 280% of the model volume. Again, the high volume of harvested timber was noted in 2016, (ca. 220% of the model volume). The process of damage to spruce stands in Beskid Żywiecki is likely to continue. A decline in its intensity may occur in the absence of old stands, which to a large extent already takes place in the forests of the Węgierska Górka Forest District. Currently, the most threatened by wind are forests in Ujsoły, Jeleśnia and Nowy Targ forest districts. The least threatened are forests in the Węgierska Górka. This forest district and in the future the remaining forest districts of Beskid Żywiecki, will face enormous challenges to obtain high yield and appropriate species composition.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 02; 130-140
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamika procesu zamierania drzew w Sudetach w latach 2002-2018
    Dynamics of tree mortality in the Sudety Mts. in years 2002-2018
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Wrzesiński, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Sudety
    drzewa lesne
    zamieranie drzew
    zlomy
    wywroty
    drewno pokleskowe
    posusz
    lata 2002-2018
    gatunki lasotworcze
    swierk
    modrzew
    buk
    jodla
    daglezja
    przyrosty radialne
    wiek drzew
    damage caused by drought and wind
    volume of deadwood
    wind−broken and wind−fallen trees
    radial growth
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to present two issues concerning forests in the Sudety Mts. (SW Poland): 1) the process of tree mortality in individual years in the period between 2002 and 2018, as well as 2) the analysis of the radial growth of the main tree species (i.e. spruce, larch, beech, fir and Douglas fir). The intensity of the process of tree mortality is evidenced by the volume of wind−broken or wind−fallen trees and deadwood. The record volume of post−hurricane wood was harvested after the hurricane ‘Cyril’ (January 2007). The volume of wood removed in 2007−2008 amounted to 1.4 million m3. Quite a high share of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees in the volume of harvested wood raw material concerned the years 2002, 2003, 2006, 2008 and 2018. In the latter year, the damage was caused by the hurricane ‘Grzegorz’. The record removal of deadwood occurred in 2016 following an exceptionally severe drought in the 2015 growing season. The high volume of deadwood in 2017 and 2018 was augmented by quite a high volume of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. Spruce and larch showed the strongest response to severe drought in 2015 by lowering the increment in diameter and producing a narrow layer of latewood, while the response of beech and Douglas fir was the slightest. No such response was found in fir. The main tree species in the Sudetes is spruce, which quickly disappears from this area. It is necessary to look for such species of trees that might replace spruce, i.e. species more suitable to changing climatic conditions, such as beech, oak, ash, sycamore, pine and larch – but also fir and Douglas fir. The latter two species show a high tolerance to changing climatic conditions, and a high potential in the production of wood.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 969-979
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stopień uszkodzenia świerka, jodły i modrzewia w Sudetach Zachodnich
    Degree of damage to spruce, fir and larch stands in the Western Sudetes
    Autorzy:
    Korzybski, D.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/993196.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    drzewostany swierkowe
    drzewostany jodlowe
    drzewostany modrzewiowe
    drzewa lesne
    swierk
    Picea
    jodla
    Abies
    modrzew
    Larix
    uszkodzenia drzew
    stopien uszkodzenia
    defoliacja
    stopien defoliacji
    zywotnosc
    stan wierzcholka drzewa
    Nadlesnictwo Kamienna Gora
    Nadlesnictwo Szklarska Poreba
    Nadlesnictwo Sniezka
    Nadlesnictwo Swieradow
    Sudety Zachodnie
    tree damage index
    defoliation
    tree growth response
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to assess damage to three important forest−forming trees species in the mountains – spruce, fir and larch, and to study their increment reaction to changing environmental conditions. Research concerned forests under the management of four forest districts located in the Western Sudetes (SW Poland). Index W ranging from 0 to 3 was used for the assessment of the damage to trees based on three crown characteristics: defoliation, top−crown condition and tree vitality. Trees of damage degree 2 dominated in each of the species; dying trees (degree 3) were also found. Total share of these two degrees of damage was ca 80% for spruce, 84% for fir and 74% for larch. Analysis of increment reaction of investigated species showed their similar response to changes in the environment. The increase in the share of trees showing positive responses and the decrease in the share of negative responses in the past half century, indicate an improvement in the growth conditions of spruce, fir and larch in Western Sudetes.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 02; 104-112
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamika rozpadu drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Śląskim
    Decline of Norway spruce stands in the Beskid Slaski Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986624.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Slaski
    drzewostany swierkowe
    zamieranie drzew
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    rozpad drzewostanow
    System Informatyczny Lasow Panstwowych
    model wzrostu drzewostanu
    rozmiar uzytkowania rebnego
    zagrozenia lasu
    szkody od wiatru
    modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
    Nadlesnictwo Wisla
    Nadlesnictwo Wegierska Gorka
    Nadlesnictwo Ustron
    Nadlesnictwo Bielsko
    forest decline
    picea abies
    stand growth model
    harvest volume model
    wind damage risk model
    forest
    threat measure
    Opis:
    The dynamics of decline of Norway spruce forests in the Beskid Śląski Mts. (S Poland) in a 2007−2016 period was analysed based on data from the State Forests Information System. For that purpose we used modified growth model and wind damage risk model. The harvested timber volume (salvage cuts) exceeded the allowable harvest modeled with the stand growth model by 270% in years 2007−2010 (earlier period) and by 89% in the 2011−2016 (later period) period. The highest volume exceed (503 and 307% for earlier and later period respectively) was recorded for the Wisła Forest District. For the deadwood, the harvested volume exceeded the modeled one by 45% (162 in earlier, and 59% in later period). In the Węgierska Górka Forest District the harvested volume amounted to 287% of the modeled one (438 in earlier, and 70% in later period). The largest amount of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees was found in Wisła. Their volume amounted to 48% of the modeled volume (59 in earlier, and 40% in later period). The highest exceed occurred in Węgierska Górka (89 and 70% in the later period respectively). The species composition in the analysed region changed significantly as the share of spruce decreased and share of beech and fir increased (tab. 1). Changes in the aeral fraction of stands in age classes in the Bielsko and Ustroń forest districts were insignificant (tab. 2). For Węgierska Górka, share of stands in age class <20 years increased from 11 to 40%, while the older stands fraction decreased. Major changes occurred in Węgierska Górka and Wisła as far as structure of the stands in the risk damage factor classes is concerned. Fraction for the risk factor classes I and II increased, while for class VI decreased (tab. 3, fig. 4). The highest dynamics of the wind threat measure was recorded especially in Węgierska Górka, where its value decreased from 42 in 2009 to 19 in 2016 (fig. 5). The biggest changes are likely to occur in Wisła in the next years due to the very high fraction of spruce. A significant damage caused by wind may also be expected in Ustroń, where the threat measure is high.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 03; 189-199
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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