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Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
Tytuł:
Positive time preference for monetary sequences of rewards: the role of temporal spacing
Autorzy:
Białaszek, Wojciech
Ostaszewski, Paweł
Marcowski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
preference for improving sequences
positive time preference
delay discounting
deteriorating sequen-
ces
intertemporal choice
Opis:
It is widely recognized that people have a general preference for improvement. In our study we demonstrate that the opposite can be observed if the consequences of our choices are dispersed over time. We address the problem of discounting of delayed sequences, in which hypothetical monetary rewards are arranged in deteriorating, flat, or improving sequences – in which the payments are separated from one another by a short (one month) or long (five years) internal delay. One hundred and twenty graduate students completed a dynamic multiple-staircase discounting procedure in a mixed factorial design. We predicted that deteriorating sequences of rewards would be preferred over their improving and flat counterparts. This prediction was confirmed when the internal delay between rewards was long. Participants not always chose the best for first, however. If the consequences of their choices were separated by small internal delay, participants were indifferent between three types of sequence
Źródło:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies); 2017, 2; 25-33
0081-685X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intertemporal Decision Making After Brain Injury: Amount-Dependent Steeper Discounting after Frontal Cortex Damage
Autorzy:
Białaszek, Wojciech
Swebodziński, Bartłomiej
Ostaszewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
impulsivity
brain injury
delay discounting
frontal lobes
magnitude effect
Opis:
Traumatic brain injuries to the frontal lobes are associated with many maladaptive forms of behavior. We investigated the association between brain damage and impulsivity, as measured by the rate of delay discounting (i.e., the extent to which future outcomes are devalued in time). The main aim of this study was to test the hypothesis of steeper discounting of different amounts in a group of patients with frontal lobe damage. We used a delay discounting task in the form of a structured interview. A total of 117 participants were divided into five groups: three neurological groups and two groups without brain damage. Our analyses showed that patients with focal damage to the frontal lobes demonstrated steeper delay discounting than other participants. Other clinical groups demonstrated similar discounting rates. The data pattern related to the magnitude effect on the group level suggested that the magnitude effect is absent in the group of patients with damage to the frontal lobes; however, results were less consistent on an individual level. Amount-dependent discounting was observed in only two groups, the healthy control group and the neurological group with other cortical areas damaged.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 4; 456-463
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Higher Behavioral Profile of Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility is Related to Reduced Impulsivity in Smokers, and Reduced Risk Aversion Regardless of Smoking Status
Autorzy:
Marcowski, Przemysław
Białaszek, Wojciech
Dudek, Joanna
Ostaszewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
smoking
mindfulness
psychological flexibility
delay discounting
probability discounting
Opis:
Empirical evidence suggests that mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and addiction are interrelated in decision making. In our study, we investigated the relationship of the behavioral profile, composed of mindfulness and psychological flexibility, and smoking status on delay and probability discounting. We demonstrated the interaction of the behavioral profile of mindfulness and psychological flexibility (lower or higher) and smoking status on delay discounting. We found that individuals who smoked and displayed higher mindfulness and psychological flexibility devalued rewards at a slower rate, compared to smokers with a lower profile. Importantly, in those with a higher profile, smokers discounted rewards no differently than nonsmokers. Smokers with a lower profile did display, however, increased impulsivity, compared to nonsmokers. These results suggest that behavioral interventions aiming to modify the behavioral profile with regard to mindfulness and psychological flexibility can indeed support the regulation of elevated impulsivity in smokers to equate with that of nonsmokers. In probability discounting, we observed that individuals with a higher profile displayed lower discounting rates, i.e., were less risk-averse, with no other significant main effect or interaction.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 4; 445-455
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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