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    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie regionu ITS1/2 rDNA i 18S rDNA do badania mykobioty gleby leśnej
    Use of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA in studies of the forest soil mycobiota
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989532.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby glebowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metody badan
    metody molekularne
    DNA rybosomalny
    region ITS1/2
    region 18S
    detection
    forest
    its1/2 rdna
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    microorganisms
    mycobiota
    soil
    Opis:
    The aim of the studies was to check the usefulness of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA regions in the molecular investigation of forest soil microbiota structure. Soil studied, originated from a 1−year−old plantation and a 40−year old stand of Scots pine located in Bierzwnik and Międzychów forest districts located 200 km apart. The hypothesis assumed that both approaches lead to the discovery of abundant microbiota communities with different structures and with rare common species. The environmental DNA was extracted with a Power Soil ® DNA Isolation Kit from two soil samples in each site. The ITS1/2 rDNA was amplified with specific primers ITS1 and ewfitsrev 1, and 18S rDNA with universal primers NS1 and NS2. PCR products were cloned into pGEM−T Easy. Inserts were primarily selected in blue/white screening on a X−gal medium. Representative clones were further selected in two separate RFLP analyses with HhaI and BsuRI restriction enzymes. Representative clones purified and sequenced using the Sanger Method in the DNA Research Centre (Poznań). Each sequence was identified to the lowest taxonomic rank. Ninety to 233 clones with DNA of 5−44 taxa including 3−37 taxa of fungi were obtained from 4 samples of soil. After application of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA, the fungal DNA was detected respectively in 89,60−100,00% and 11,77−64,8% clones and the number of fungal species detected was respectively 12−37 and 3−19. Fungi were represented by four orders: Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Both primers also amplified also DNA of other organisms (mostly from Animalia and Protista Kingdom) represented by 0−9 taxa. If compared, the application of forest soil microbiota structure with ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA led to detect a lower abundance of fungi and a bigger abundance of other organisms. Considering the higher number of clones and taxa recognized, the region of ITS1/2 rDNA was more effective in the studies of the soil microbiota structure. The region of 18S rDNA was efficient in local detection of Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota and of rare species of fungi from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Despite the deficiency of NCBI database the use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal community the region should be included in molecular studies of fungal diversity. It is concluded that studies on the biodiversity of soil microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 564-572
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Grzyby glebowe i ich znaczenie
    Significance of the soil fungi
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009423.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby
    mikrobiologia gleb
    grzyby glebowe
    funkcje biologiczne
    fungi
    soil
    Opis:
    Fungi in soil perform important services related to nutrient cycling, water dynamics and disease suppression. Along with bacteria, they are important as decomposers in the soil food network. Fungi convert hard−to−digest organic material into forms that other organisms can use. They can immobilize or retain nutrients in the soil. Secondary fungal metabolites have the fungistatic properties and are used in biocontrol processes. The hyphae physically binds soil particles together, creating stable aggregates that help increase water infiltration and soil water retention capacity. Fungi help to increase the accumulation of humic−acid rich organic matter that is resistant to degradation and may stay in the soil for hundreds of year.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 12; 846-850
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ metodyki badań na ocenę struktury zbiorowisk mikroorganizmów w glebie leśnej
    Effect of the methodology of studies on the structure of the microorganisms communities in the forest soil
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989286.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metodyka badan
    metody klasyczne
    metody molekularne
    startery NS1
    startery NS2
    DNA
    region 18S
    classical method of isolation
    fungi
    microorganisms
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    soil
    Opis:
    Two different communities of microorganisms were identified in soils by application of the classical method of fungi isolation (soil dilution, culturing on artificial media, morphotyping) and a molecular method (extraction of the environmental DNA, amplification with universal primers NS1 and NS2, cloning and sequencing of representative clones). No organisms were common to both communities. Apart from rare representatives of the Animalia, communities included single fungus−like Eucarya belonging to the Protista, Class Oomycota, and numerous fungi belonging to Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota orders. In total, 88 species were identified in four soil samples. Fungi were mostly Ascomycota. The classical method was particularly effective in detection of fungi important for creation of phytosanitary conditions of soil, i.e. antagonists (Penicillium, Tolypocladium and Trichoderma) and potential stimulants (dark−pigmented Hormiactis candida, Humicola spp. and Phialophora spp.) of phytopathogens (including the common forest genera Armillaria and Heterobasidion). Application of the classical method allowed the detection of mycorrhizal Ascomycota from the genus Oidiodendron. Application of the molecular method allowed the detection of 13 mycorrhizal Basidiomycota. Although primers NS1 and NS2 were designed from a match with DNA of culturable organisms, they also amplified the DNA of non−culturable organisms. This emphasizes their potential usefulness in studies of the biodiversity of microorganisms in environmental samples. The shortage of reference sequences in the database discourages use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal communities. The studies on the biodiversity of microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 492-503
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Goidanichiella sphaerospora, the worlds second record
    Goidanichiella sphaerospora, drugie stanowisko na świecie
    Autorzy:
    Kwasna, H.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66920.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Opis:
    Aspecimen of Goidanichiella sphaerospora was found in Pinus sylvestris forest soil in Międzychód, northwestern Poland (52.601, 15.889883), in October 2009. This is the world’s second record of G. sphaerospora. Bimorphic conidial heads and conidia are reported for the first time. Goidanichiella sphaerospora forms Aspergillus- and Penicillium-like conidial heads. Conidia formed at +24oC are oval to ellipsoidal, often apiculate, smooth, rather thick-walled, hyaline, with one oil drop inside, 3-4 × 2-3 μm. Additional ellipsoidal to cylindrical, thin-walled, 4-6.5 (-8) × 2-3.0 μm conidia are formed only after incubation for at least 7 days at +4oC in darkness.
    Goidanichiella sphaerospora znaleziono w glebie leśnej, w młodniku Pinus sylvestris, w Międzychodzie (Polska północna, 52.601, 15.889883), w październiku 2009. Jest to drugie stanowisko tego grzyba na świecie. Poprzednio grzyba stwierdzono w glebie leśnej w Japonii. Grzyb tworzy zarodniki konidialne na bimorficznych konidioforach przypominających konidiofory Aspergillus i Penicillium. Wystepują dwa rodzaje zarodników. W temperaturze 24oC, na PDA i SNA , tworzą się konidia, które są owalne do eliptycznych, ostro zakończone u podstawy, gładkie, grubościenne, hialinowe, z jedną kroplą wewnątrz, 3-4 × 2-3 μm. W temperaturze 4oC, przy braku światła, tworzą się dodatkowe konidia, które są eliptyczne do cylindrycznych, cienkościenne, 4-6,5 (-8) × 2-3,0 μm.
    Źródło:
    Acta Mycologica; 2010, 45, 1
    0001-625X
    2353-074X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mycologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gatunki Phytophthora i Pythium w glebie i w korzeniach dębu szypułkowego na terenach popowodziowych w Nadleśnictwie Wołów
    Phytophthora and Pythium species in soils and in roots of the pedunculate oaks in periodically flooded areas in Wolow Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Szewczyk, W.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    tereny pokleskowe
    tereny popowodziowe
    drzewostany debowe
    drzewa lesne
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    korzenie
    gleby lesne
    grzyby
    Phytophthora
    Phytium
    wystepowanie
    Nadlesnictwo Wolow
    pedunculate oak
    fungi
    globisporangium
    oomycota
    flood
    phytophthora
    pythium
    Opis:
    Phytophthora and Pythium species (Oomycota) are known to be serious pathogens of forest trees. Little is known, however, about their presence in Polish oak forests and their role in the oak decline, especially in the flooded areas. The aim of this study was (1) to detect and compare populations of microorganisms from Oomycota and fungi in roots and soil of healthy and declining pedunculate 30−126 years old oak stands, which had been flooded by the Odra River for three months in 1997 and one month in 2010, (2) to demonstrate the relationship between different chemical factors of soil and the occurrence of microorganisms, and (3) to assess the contribution of Oomycota to oak decline. Study was carried out in Wołów Forest District (south−western Poland). Microorganisms were isolated from fine (1−5 mm in diameter) roots and non−rhizosphere soil collected from 0−50 cm horizon. Isolation procedure from roots included surface sterilization and plating the root segments on the nutrient agar. An oak leaf baiting method was used for isolation of Oomycota from soil. Identification of microorganisms was based on morphology and sequencing of the ITS1/2 rDNA. Oomycota was represented by: Globisporangium, Phytophthora and Pythium and fungi mostly by: Aspergillus, Chaetosphaeria, Cylindrocarpon, Mortierella, Mucor, Penicillium, Trichoderma and Umbelopsis. Globisporangium attrantheridium (syn. Pythium attrantheridium) occurred locally and was found in roots of only one flooded oak. This is the first record of this species on oak and in Poland. G. intermedium, P. gibbosa/P. gregata, P. plurivora and Pythium sp. were found in soil of flooded and non−flooded (control) oak stands. The organisms occurred in podzolized brown soils, brown alluvial soils and gley soils that had most nitrogen (21−60 mg/kg), various amounts of calcium (61.1−347.6 mg/100g) and moderate acidity (pH=3.85−4.2). There was often a significant association between exposure to flood and the health status of oak trees assessed by the scale of defoliation. Oomycota seemed to be only moderately associated with increased tree defoliation as a symptom of oak decline.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 531-539
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Populations of Armillaria species in pine plantations in west-central Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, W.
    Kwasna, H.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41760.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Opis:
    Two diploid isolates of Armillaria gallica and 143 diploid isolates of A. solidipes were obtained from 145 samples of rhizomorphs, fruit bodies and infected wood of sessile oak and Scots pines from 5–10-year-old Scots pine plantations in three Forest Districts located 100–350 km apart in west-central Poland. Based on pairings among the 145 isolates, 18 somatic compatibility groups (genets) of A. solidipes were distinguished in the three plantations. Sequencing of ITS1/2 rDNA of 18 isolates representing the 18 genets delineated four nuclear haplotypes. This suggests that many of the A. solidipes genets are closely related and were possibly established by sib-related basidiospores. With a few exceptions there was general geographical specialization of genets but not haplotypes. Geographical specialization of genets and the dominance of single haplotypes suggest that the A. solidipes population results from clonal rather than sexual reproduction. Sequencing of the ITS1/2 and IGS-1 rDNA showed small nucleotide diversity in ITS1/2 rDNA and much more diversity in IGS-1 rDNA of the isolates of A. solidipes studied. However, none of these regions has sufficient resolution for the clear differentiation of A. solidipes from A. borealis. The sequences of the EF 1-alpha gene showed high interspecific variability in Armillaria species and very low intraspecific variability in A. solidipes. This gene is the most appropriate for reliable identification of biological species and subgroups of Armillaria. Its application is the most useful in ecological and epidemiological studies of Armillaria.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2015, 74
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metody molekularne stosowane w badaniu różnorodności mikroorganizmów glebowych
    Molecular methods used in studies of diversity of the soil microorganisms
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Belka, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1006468.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    identyfikacja
    roznorodnosc biologiczna
    metody badan
    metody molekularne
    ekstrakcja DNA
    amplifikacja DNA
    biodiversity
    microbiota
    molecular methods
    soil
    Opis:
    Application of the correct methods of study is essential for a proper description and understanding of natural communities of microorganisms and their relationships. Classical methods used for detection and identification of soil microorganisms resulted in underestimation of the microbiota. It has been claimed that classical methods, based mainly on morphology, led to the identification of only 1% of the soil microbiota, usually species that predominate in culture because of their fast growth and abundant sporulation. Molecular methods allow rapid, accurate, sensitive and cost−effective identification and enumeration of microorganisms. They are designed to replace and/or support classical approaches. This review summarizes some of the current and emerging nucleic acid−based molecular approaches used for detection, discrimination and quantification of microbes in the environment, mostly in soil.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 04; 294-304
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mykobiota krzewów jałowca Juniperus x media z objawami zamierania na terenie oczyszczalni ścieków w Poznaniu
    Mycobiota of juniper Juniperus x media with symptoms of dieback in sewage plant facilities area in Poznan
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Szewczyk, W.
    Zatorski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1291988.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    fitopatologia
    zamieranie pedow
    jalowiec posredni
    Juniperus media
    patogeny
    grzyby
    Chalara
    Cytospora
    Fusarium
    Ilyonectria
    Mycosphaerella
    Pestalotiopsis
    Setomelanomma
    Armillaria
    Rhizoctonia
    Thelephora
    Cadophora
    Leptosphaeria
    Lophodermium
    Septoria
    Sydowia
    gałęzie
    zamieranie
    jałowiec
    branches
    dieback
    fungi
    juniper
    pathogens
    Opis:
    The frequency and diversity of fungi in branches, roots and soil was examined in 3–10-years-old diseased Juniperus x media trees growing in the surroundings of the sewage treatment facility in Poznań. Symptoms of branch dieback appeared first on the older parts inside the crown and mostly in the lower part of trees subsequently spreading upwards and outwards. Our analyses included extraction of environmental rDNA from branches, roots and soil, amplification of the rDNA with fungi specific primers and sequencing. Fungal taxa from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Zygomycota were detected with a total of 695, 135 and 196 taxa in branches, roots and soil, respectively. Fungal communities included plant pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, epiphytes or endophytes, mycorrhizal taxa, saprotrophs common on organic debris and in soil, human and animal pathogens, entomopathogenic taxa, mycoparasites, white and black yeasts, taxa with antagonistic and medicinal properties and lichenized fungi. The frequency of potential plant pathogens was 2.64–33.12% in branches, 0.88% in roots and 1.29–2.93% in soil. The most common pathogens were species from Chalara, Cytospora, Fusarium, Ilyonectria, Mycosphaerella, Setomelanomma (Ascomycota) and Armillaria, Rhizoctonia (Basidiomycota) genera. The less frequent pathogens included species from Leptosphaeria, Lophodermium and Septoria genera. In conclusion, oxygen deficiency and the presence of poisonous gases in the air around the sewage plant is likely to have had damaging effects on plants infected or colonized by opportunistic and facultative parasites.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2019, 80, 4
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Abundance and diversity of fungi in oak wood
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwasna, H.
    Kokot, K.
    Haluszczak, M.
    Lakomy, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    abundance
    deadwood
    diversity
    fungi
    ITS
    Illumina
    oak
    Opis:
    Deadwood is an important functional and structural component of forest ecosystems since it regulates nutrient cycling, serves as a carbon (C) pool, increases the C content in the soil, and is a source of resources, including water, for a wide range of saproxylic and non-saproxylic organisms. The abundance and diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in six fallen, horizontally lying logs of Quercus petraea, in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd decay classes, in the Drawa National Park in Poland in 2015, were studied using the Illumina se- quencing technique. The total number of OTUs obtained (264 307) included sequences of culturable fungi (242 369 = 91.70%) and non-culturable fungi (7 056 = 2.66%). The dead oak wood was colonized by 277 taxa. Culturable fungi of Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota comprised 75% of taxa detected and were represented by 14, 139 and 53 taxa respectively. Non-culturable organisms were represented by 70 taxa. Fungi were classified into 18 groups: (i) typical soft rot fungi, (ii) phytopathogens potentially hazard- ous to trees, (iii) epiphytes and endophytes or weak, opportunistic pathogens, (iv) ectomycorrhizal species, (v) ericoid mycorrhizal species, (vi) crust fungi, (vii) resupinate basidiomycetes, (viii) saprotrophs and soil fungi, (ix) opportunistic human pathogens causing superficial or systemic mycoses, (x) pathogens of warm- or cold-blooded animals, (xi) ascomycetous yeasts, (xii) basidiomycetous yeasts, (xiii) antagonists of fungi, (xiv) producers of metabolites effective against pathogens, (xv) hyperparasites, (xvi) lichen-form- ing species, (xvii) partners of other fungi, (xviii) species rare or uncommon in nature. It was shown that: (i) coarse, woody debris of oak is host to abundant and diverse mycobiota, (ii) abundance and diversity of fungi increase with the decay continuum, (iii) oak logs can be a habitat of phytopathogens potentially haz- ardous to forest health, (iv) different phytopathogens favour wood in different decay classes, (v) abundance of pathogens decreases, and of ericoid mycorrhizal (or soil) species increases with the decay continuum. Maintaining different types of deadwood increases fungal diversity, but also the risk of diseases.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2018, 80; 143-160
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Diversity of Armillaria ostoyae in Scots pine plantations in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, W.
    Kwasna, H.
    Bocianowski, J.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Ratajczak, A.
    Swietlik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41365.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    diversity
    Armillaria ostoyae
    Scotch pine
    plantation
    RAPD-PCR method
    rhizomorph
    Polska
    Opis:
    Incidence of Armillaria root disease and the population structure of associated Armillaria spp. were studied in 5-17-year-old Scots pine plantations in west-central Poland. Two infection centres (1.14– 9.30 ha) in each of three forest districts (Siemianice, Zielonka and Złotów) were intensively sampled. Root collars were examined for mycelial fans, decayed wood, and rhizomorphs. Twenty two isolates of Armillaria ostoyae collected from epiphytic rhizomorphs from 20 living and two dead trees in the six infection centres were identified with somatic incompatibility group. Only one somatic incompatibility group for A. ostoyae was found. Twenty one isolates produced rhizomorphs on oak-wood discs submerged in a sand-forest soil substrate. Isolates from Siemianice formed the smallest rhizomorph networks and those from Złotów the most abundant. There were 16 different genets among 22 isolates of A. ostoyae distinguished by RAPD analysis. Genetic similarity among genets was 25.6–97.5%. The large diversity in A. ostoyae suggests that sexual reproduction may occur in nature more often than expected.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2014, 72
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of Ophiostoma population infected elms in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Lakomy, P.
    Kwasna, H.
    Kuzminski, R.
    Napierala-Filipiak, A.
    Filipiak, M.
    Behnke, K.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41115.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    investigation
    Ophiostoma
    fungi
    infected plant
    elm
    Ulmus
    Dutch elm disease
    Polska
    Opis:
    Dutch elm disease (DED) still occurs in Poland. Previous studies confirmed occurring O. ulmi and two subspecies of O. novo-ulmi: subsp. novo-ulmi and subsp. amerciana. In this study the population of Ophiostoma occurred in Poland was investigated. The disease incidence was investigated on elms growing in 39 locations. The pathogen’s mycelium was isolated from elm branches and twigs collected from 22 plots. The disease symptoms were noted in 5% to 35% trees. Fungi were identified based on the PCR amplification of the ITS 1/2 rDNA together with phylogenetic analysis of this region. Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was the only agent caused DED on Ulmus glabra, U. minor and U. laevis. There were no genetic diversity of O. novo-ulmi Polish population in analyzed ITS region. All kind of specific symptoms and disease intensity occurred independently on elm species and host age. Ulmus minor was infested most sever among the three elms species.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2016, 76
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Występowanie Erysiphe alphitoides w drzewostanach dębowych dotkniętych klęską powodzi
    Occurence of Erysiphe alphitoides in oak stands affected by flood disaster
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, W.
    Kumiński, R.
    Mańka, M.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Baranowska-Wasilewska, M.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1312378.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany debowe
    drzewostany pokleskowe
    drzewostany popowodziowe
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    choroby aparatu asymilacyjnego
    maczniak prawdziwy debu
    Erysiphe alphitoides
    wystepowanie
    defoliacja
    zamieranie drzew
    Nadlesnictwo Wolow
    defoliation
    branch tip withering
    oak decline
    Forest District Wołów
    Opis:
    Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is the most valuable deciduous tree species in Poland. For almost 30 years, an oak decline resulting from stress factors leading to a decrease of tree vitality in the long-term has been observed. The aim of the present study was to determine the proportion of leaves infected by the fungus Erysiphe alphitoides, the cause of powdery mildew, in post-flood oak stands situated in the Forest District Wołów (51°32’N, 16°62’E) as well as to evaluate effects of powdery mildew with respect to the oak decline. In order to record the powdery mildew incidence, we selected three trees in each of the ten investigated oak stands, and 200 leaves were collected from the upper part of the crowns. The percentage of infected leaves as well as the reduction of carbon assimilation capacity was assessed. Furthermore, we evaluated the average reduction of carbon assimilation capacity and the percentage of withering branch tips in 25 adjacent trees. Incidences of powdery mildew were observed in seven out of the ten stands. The maximum tree damage did not exceed 22% leaf infection and mean defoliation within the study areas ranged from 18% to 61.4%. Non-withering branch tips were observed in one post-flood area as well as in one area situated outside the flooded region. Within the remaining areas studied, the average proportion of withering branch tips ranged from 0.4% to 13.8%. Statistical analyses showed that differences between the investigated stands with regard to the rate of powdery mildew occurrence were not significant. Correlating the means, however, revealed a relationship between powdery mildew incidence and branch tip withering. This relationship is a possible indication of the ongoing oak dieback. No statistically significant relationship between tree defoliation and powdery mildew incidence was found. The lack of statistical significance, as observed here, implies that water stagnation within the investigated stands had no effect on Erysiphe alphitoides infection.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 1; 73-77
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of silvicultural techniques on the diversity of microorganisms in forest soil and their possible participation in biological control of Armillaria and Heterobasidion
    Autorzy:
    Kwasna, H.
    Walkowiak, L.
    Lakomy, P.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Mikicinski, A.
    Galazka, S.
    Szewczyk, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65397.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    silvicultural technique
    Pinus sylvestris
    diversity
    microorganism
    forest soil
    participation
    biological control
    Armillaria
    fungi
    Heterobasidion
    Opis:
    Effects of different pre-planting soil preparations and post-harvest wood debris applications in a clear-cut Scots pine plantation, on the abundance, diversity, and activity of culturable microorganisms were investigated. The investigation was done 9 years after the re-plantings had been done. This formed part of an investigation of silvicultural practices for conservation and the biological control of Armillaria and Heterobasidion in northern temperate forests (Poland). The treatments being compared, were expected to have altered the soil’s physical and chemical properties, and consequently, its biological properties. Only soft-rot microfungi from the Ascomycota and Zygomycota were detected in the soil. Fungi, including those antagonistic to Armillaria and Heterobasidion, were more abundant after shallow ploughing than after deep ploughing or ridging, and where chipped rather than coarse wood debris was left on the soil surface or incorporated. Scots pine trees had the most biomass and the least mortality after ridging and leaving coarse wood debris on the surface (associated with only a relatively moderate abundance of fungi).
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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