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Tytuł:
Zastosowanie stratyfikacji w inwentaryzacji lasów różnowiekowych
Use of a stratification method in uneven-aged stands
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
fazy rozwojowe
stratyfikacja drzewostanow
drzewostany roznowiekowe
lesnictwo
inwentaryzacja lasu
forest inventory
stratification
stand developmental phase
Opis:
The paper presents a posteriori stratification method which was used in inventorying uneven−aged stands in an area of 727.70 hectares in the Forest Experimental Station in Krynica. The average growing stock amounting to 291 m3·ha−1 was calculated with the error of 1.6%. Volume increment at the level of 9.39 m3·ha−1 per year was calculated with a similar accuracy as the growing stock. The loss volume of 5.33 m3·ha−1 and ingrowth volume 0.73 m3·ha−1 per year was determined with the error slightly above 5%.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 12; 30-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drzewostanowa metoda inwentaryzacji i kontroli lasów różnowiekowych
Stand-level inventory and control method for uneven-aged forests
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022776.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany roznowiekowe
drzewostany
metoda drzewostanowa
metody badan
monitoring
lesnictwo
inwentaryzacja lasu
uneven−aged forest
control sample plots
statistical−mathematical inventory system
Opis:
The paper presents a stand−level inventory and control method which can be useful in the inventory of uneven−aged forests. The method describes the variation in stem diameter and species structure in a specified stand and allows to define the intensity of processes: loss, ingrowth and increment and to analyse relationships between them.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 11; 18-24
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
System planowania urządzeniowego w lasach różnowiekowych
System of management planning in uneven-aged forests
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
urzadzanie lasu
planowanie
procesy decyzyjne
drzewostany roznowiekowe
fazy rozwojowe
uneven−aged forests
management planning
silvicultural treatments
catchment
Opis:
In the presented forest planning system, decisions are being made at several stages related to the management planning units: catchment area, stand and forest management unit. Management operations are planned with regard to the development phase of a stand and no its age. Stands in which silvicultural treatments are to be carried out are selected after a detailed analysis of natural factors and an economic analysis. The discussed planning system can be an important tool supporting forest ecosystem management in the multiple−use forestry model currently in use.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2010, 154, 07; 456-462
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On regulated functions
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Kot, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
monotonic function
function of bounded variation
step function
regulated function
Banach space
funkcja monotoniczna
funkcja o ograniczonej zmienności
funkcja krokowa
funkcja regulowana
przestrzeń Banacha
Opis:
The main purpose of this review article is to present the concept of a regulated function and to indicate the connection of the class of regulated functions with other significant classes of functions. In particular, we give a characterization of regulated functions in terms of step functions and we show that the linear space of regulated functions forms a Banach space under the classical supremum norm.
Źródło:
Journal of Mathematics and Applications; 2017, 40; 21-36
1733-6775
2300-9926
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mathematics and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on Inhibition of N80 Carbon Steel in 0.5M KCl Solution Saturated with CO2 by Gum Arabic
Autorzy:
Palumbo, G.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106989.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
corrosion inhibition
gum arabic
carbon steel
electrochemical techniques
Opis:
The effect of Gum Arabic (GA) on the corrosion of an N80 carbon steel pipeline in a CO2 -saturated chloride (0.5M KCl) solution was investigated through AC impedance and polarization curves. Potentiodynamic measurements showed that the corrosion current density decreased in the presence of inhibitors and that the inhibitor acts like a mixed-type inhibitor, with anodic predominance. The Nyquist diagrams showed an increase in polarization resistance values in the presence of the inhibitor, thus increasing inhibition efficiency. At higher temperatures, the inhibition efficiency decreased, implying that the inhibition action of GA occurred via the physical adsorption process. The activation parameters of the corrosion process such as activation energies, Ea, and the heat of adsorption, Qads, were calculated, respectively, by the obtained corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency at different temperatures. At higher temperatures, the increase in activation energy combined with the negative levels of the heat of adsorption further supported the physical adsorption nature of the process.
Źródło:
Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2018, 2, 1; 5-8
2543-9901
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymalizacja rozmiaru użytkowania rębnego metodą programowania liniowego
Harvest volume optimization with linear programming
Autorzy:
Zaborski, K.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany
optymalizacja
programowanie liniowe
leśnictwo
użytkowanie rębne
rozmiar użytkowania rębnego
linear programming
harvest planning
net present value
stand scheduling
Opis:
The paper presents a linear programming method of harvest volume determination including calculations of net present value (NPV) of standing timber. NPV was computed taking into account the costs of harvesting and skidding and a discount rate of 2.5%. Harvest volume was determined for three 10−year management periods according to the following four scenarios: (1) Vol_max – timber volume maximization within constraints concerning harvest area (4 ha), cutting interval (5 year), felling a maximum of two adjacent cutting plots over a 10−year period, combined harvest area per decade (a quarter of the total area of near−mature, mature, and overmature stands), and minimum stand age (starting with near−mature stands); (2) RA – as in the Vol_max scenario plus the harvest area per decade should be smaller than or equal to the regulated area; (3) NPV_max – NPV maximization while respecting all constraints from the Vol_max scenario; and (4) IUL – pursuant to the Instrukcja… [2012]. Calculations included allowable cuts by maturity for mature stands (the last age class) and near−mature and mature stands (two last age classes), as well as the allowable cut for mean age equalization. Subsequently, the optimum allowable cut was determined and particular stands were designated for felling, starting with the oldest ones, and taking into consideration spatial layout. An optimization case study was done for the Seredzice forest unit designated for clearcutting, consisting of pine stands or stands with a predominance of Scots pine growing on coniferous and mixed coniferous habitat types with a total area of 813.20 ha in the Marcule Forest District (C Poland). The total harvest volume determined using linear programming for a 30−year period was 81.17, 74.70, and 80.84 thousand m3 in the Vol_max, RA, and NPV_max scenarios, respectively, which was greater by 29%, 19%, and 28% than in the IUL scenario (62.95 thousand m3). The total NPV of stands designated for harvesting in the 30−year period was 9423, 8824, and 9483 thousand PLN for the Vol_max, RA, and NPV_max scenarios, respectively, as compared to 7492 thousand PLN in the IUL scenario. The simultaneous determination of harvest volume for several management periods by analyzing the parameters of individual stands and selecting the optimum harvest period for them makes it possible to better exploit the production potential of the forest and increase both the volume and value of the harvested timber over a long time horizon.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 187-195
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Support in multi-criteria decision-making under uncertainty in a transport company
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Tomaszewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
transportation problem
fuzzy linear programming
L-R notation
Opis:
The problem of finding an appropriate transportation plan for a transport company collaborating with a window manufacturer to reduce transport costs by minimizing the total distance travelled and to provide a minimum car fleet has been presented. The problem involves 3 major manufacturing bases and 15 local storehouses located in all the remaining Polish provincial capitals. Taking into account the fact that some of the parameters of the model may not be accurate due to uncertainty, fuzzy coefficients are used. Using this fuzzy model, optimistic, semi-pessimistic and pessimistic approaches are considered.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2013, 23, 2; 11-23
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena zasobów martwego drewna w lasach gospodarczych z względnieniem typów siedliskowych lasu oraz bonitacji gatunku panującego
Effect of site conditions and site index for the dominant tree species on the amount of deadwood in managed forests
Autorzy:
Bujoczek, L.
Zięba, S.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy gospodarcze
drewno martwe
miazszosc drewna
warunki siedliskowe
typy siedliskowe lasu
bonitacja siedliska
coarse woody debris
snag
volume
site productivity
fertility
moisture
Opis:
The work studied the effects of site conditions on the amount of deadwood (DW) in managed forests in south−western Poland. Measurements included standing dead trees, snags with a diameter at breast height of at least 7 cm, and lying deadwood (logs, branches, uprooted trees, etc.) with a diameter at the thicker end of at least 10 cm. The study excluded snags and deadwood pieces with a diameter of less than 7 cm as well as stumps. Site conditions are presented according to the Polish site classification system taking into account both site fertility and water abundance. With respect of the fertility gradient, sites are classified as dystrophic, oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic. In terms of water abundance, there are two types of sites: mesic (low or very low contribution of groundwater, rainwater, and floodwater, with an approximate springtime water table depth of more than 1.8 m) and moist (moderate or considerable contribution of groundwater, rainwater, and floodwater, with an approximate springtime water table depth of 0.5−1.8 m). We analyzed data from 2522 sampling plots with area ranging from 50 to 500 m² and depending on forest stand age. The plots were established in forest stands older than 21 years old. The predominant tree species in the study area were Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Quercus petraea, Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus excelsior and Picea abies. In a separate analysis of data from 233 sampling plots, we studied the relationship between DW volume and the site index evaluated using a five−level classification (level I denotes sites with the highest productive capacity). Forest stands aged >80 years with the dominance of Pinus sylvestris were studied. The study showed a significant influence of site conditions on the DW volume in managed forests. Forest stands exhibiting better site conditions not only provided more timber, but also contributed with a greater amount of deadwood to the ecosystem. Forest stands with a site index of I contained as much as 4.9 m³ of DW/ha, while stands with a site index of III only 2.4 m³ of DW/ha. In terms of the 8 studied site types, it was also found that the average volume of DW increased with site fertility. The lowest volume of DW occurred on very nutrient−poor and mesic sites (0.6 m³/ha). In contrast, nutrient−rich and moist sites contained 15 times as much DW (9.5 m³/ha). Of paramount importance was water abundance. The volume of DW on moist sites was on average by 2.2−4.5 m³/ha higher than on mesicsites with the same fertility.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 04; 320-327
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elektrochemiczne badania korozyjne w instalacjach geotermalnych
Electrochemical investigation of corrosion in geothermal plants
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Mazurkiewicz, B.
Solarski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
korozja systemów geotermalnych
elektrochemiczne badania
stal chromowana
electrochemical investigation
corrosion in geothermal water
Opis:
Electrochemical investigation were carried out in the two geothermal plants exploiting low and high mineralizated water (Geotermia Podhalańska and Geotermia Stargard). Investigation embraces monitoring of steels and alloys rate of corrosion based on linear polarisation resistance method (LPR), electrochemical polarisation measurements using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) as well as technique of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Electrochemical properties of water (pH and Eh) were also measured. On the basis of LPR method the influence of chromium on corrosion rate was established. It was also determinated that rate of corrosion on the level of 0.05 mm/year is reached when the Cr content in steel is higher than 5%. LSV mesasurement indicated slowdown of the anodic dissolution rate and increase of breakdown potential as effect of enrichment of the corrosion product layer in chromium. Comparision of various types of the electrochemical investigations indicates that salination of the geothermal water is minor factor in the corrosion of steels.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 7; 626-630
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selektywna zbiórka odpadów komunalnych w Polsce
Selective municipal waste collection in Poland
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Lutek, W.
Przystupa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/325665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
selektywna zbiórka odpadów komunalnych
punkty selektywnej zbiórki odpadów komunalnych (PSZOK)
recykling
municipal solid waste
municipal solid waste selective collection
solid waste selective collection points (P.S.Z.O.K.)
recycling
Opis:
W 2014 r. w Polsce zebrano ogółem 10,33 mln ton odpadów komunalnych, z czego 80% pochodziło z gospodarstw domowych. Około 20% z nich zostało zebranych selektywnie. Selektywne zbieranie odpadów komunalnych stanowi istotny element właściwego zarządzania odpadami. Daje szansę przetworzenia większej ilości odpadów i ponownego ich wykorzystania. Regulacje prawne zobowiązują gminy do tworzenia punktów selektywnego zbierania odpadów komunalnych. Równie istotna jest właściwa polityka informacyjna gmin do obywateli w zakresie prawidłowego gospodarowania odpadami.
In 2014 in Poland a total of 10.33 million tons of municipal solid waste were collected, of which 80% came from households. About 20% of municipal waste was collected separately. Selective collection of municipal waste is an important element of proper waste management. It gives a chance of processing more waste and re-use it. Legal regulations require municipalities to create points of municipal waste selective collection. Equally important is the policy of information to citizens on the proper waste management.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2016, 99; 11-24
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Cathodic Protection on Corrosion of Water-pipe Network in Kraków - Case Study
Autorzy:
Lelek-Borkowska, U.
Gruszka, M.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079831.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
materials
water pipelines
corrosion
cathodic protection
materiały
wodociągi
korozja
ochrona katodowa
Opis:
The paper is a summary of a project aimed at identifying and eliminating or minimizing the causes of frequent failures of the Krakow water supply network related to corrosion damage. The paper presents the method of searching for factors responsible for frequent corrosion damage. There were taken into account several factors that may destroy the pipes associated with corrosion processes, such as the composition of the water, aggressiveness of ground, or stray currents. The monitoring method of the corrosion processes applied to observe the condition of the water supply network was discussed. The study showed that the main problem appeared to be stray currents related to the electrical infrastructure widely present in a large city, such as a tram or railway network. To eliminate this threat, a cathodic protection system has been implemented to prevent further failures. There were also demonstrated results of research proving that the applied solutions are effective.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 3; 59-64
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie katodowych produktów powstałych na powierzchni niklu w bezwodnych roztworach elektrolitów
The Study of Cathode Products Generated on the Surface of the Nickel Electrode in Anhydrous Solutions of Electrolyte
Autorzy:
Bisztyga, M.
Lelek-Borkowska, U.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nikiel
elektroda niklowa
metanol
redukcja katodowa
analiza powierzchni
mikroskopia elektronowa
nickel
nickel electrode
methanol
cathodic reduction
surface analysis
electron microscopy
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono metodykę i wyniki badań, jakie otrzymano identyfikując produkty procesów elektrodowych zachodzących w bezwodnych metanolowych roztworach 0.05M CH3ONa – 0.05M LiCl na powierzchni elektrody niklowej. W badaniach wykorzystano spektroskopię w podczerwieni z techniką całkowitego wewnętrznego odbicia (FTIR-ATR). Ponadto przeprowadzono analizę powierzchni elektrody niklowej, po katodowej redukcji przy określonych potencjałach, za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej SEM wraz z analizą badań EDX.
The paper presents the identifying of morphology and composition of surface products occurring on nickel electrode during cathodic polarization in the anhydrous CH3OH – 0.05M CH3ONa – 0.05M LiCl. SEM, EDX and in situ infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) were used for analysis of surface layer. The investigations showed that nickel electrode undergoes “pseudopassivation” in cathodic range in course of formation of nickel methoxide film. The mechanism of passivation process has been proposed.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 4 spec.; 13-16
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cathodic Reactions on the Surface of Nickel in Methanol Solutions of Electrolytes
Reakcje katodowe na powierzchni niklu w metanolowych roztworach elektrolitów
Autorzy:
Bisztyga, M.
Lelek-Borkowska, U.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
methanol solution
nickel
cathodic reduction
roztwór metanolowy
nikiel
reakcja katodowa
Opis:
This paper concerns the cathodic reactions occurring on the surface of nickel in methanolic solutions of electrolytes. Methanol reduction process, in this potential range, is inhibited by formation of surface compound, product of reaction parallel to methanol reduction – oxidation of nickel with participation of CH3OH molecules. Competitive processes, formation of surface product (reaction of metal surface with methanol) and its dissolution (reaction of surface product with complexing agent), decide about free surface area on which can occur reduction of methanol. Presence of complexing agents – CH3O- and Cl- anions, causes “cleaning” the surface of surface anodic product and thereby facilitates cathodic reduction of methanol (reactions 3, 5, 6, 7). Removing of surface product is the process controlled by diffusion of anions to the electrode surface.
Praca poświęcona jest reakcjom katodowym zachodzącym na powierzchni niklu w metanolowych roztworach elektrolitów w obszarze małych nadpotencjałów katodowych. W obszarze tym proces redukcji metanolu hamowany jest tworzeniem powierzchniowego produktu będącego rezultatem równoległej do redukcji metanolu reakcji utleniania niklu z udziałem cząsteczek CH3OH. Konkurencyjne procesy tworzenia produktu powierzchniowego (reakcja powierzchni z metanolem) i roztwarzania (reakcja produktu powierzchniowego z czynnikiem kompleksującym), decydują o obszarze swobodnej powierzchni na której zachodzi redukcja metanolu. Obecność czynników kompleksujących – anionów CH3O- oraz Cl- powoduje „oczyszczanie” powierzchni z produktu anodowego i ułatwia tym samym redukcję katodową metanolu (reakcje 3,5,6,7). Proces usuwania produktu powierzchniowego jest procesem kontrolowanym dyfuzją anionów do powierzchni elektrody.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 3 spec.; 5-10
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zwiększenie efektywności inwentaryzacji lasu metodą losowania warstwowego
Improving effectiveness of forest inventory by stratified sampling
Autorzy:
Banaś, J.
Drozd, M.
Zięba, S.
Bujoczek, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
inwentaryzacja lasu
losowanie warstwowe
poprawa efektywnosci
sampling design
inventory precision
stratified sampling
Opis:
The purpose of the stratification is to group stands basing on the homogeneity of the measured feature. During periodic forest inventory in Poland, strata are created on the basis of age and the main species in stand within the boundary of forest district. In this work an improvement of distinguishing the strata during the forest inventory is presented. Three variants are considered: (1) distinguishing homogeneous strata in boundary of the whole forest district, not separately in forest subdistricts, (2) splitting species−aged strata into homogeneous substrata with respect to site quality, and (3) dividing strata of stands in the regeneration class with respect to stand density. Study was conducted in four mountain forest districts located in the Kłodzko Basin (SW Poland). Total area of these stands amounted to 43,052 ha, where 6,648 sample plots were established during the periodic inventory. ANOVA was used to test significance of the differences in tree volume and to assess variability reducing in distinguished substrata. Results indicated that in stands with age up to 70 years mean volume of trees on the sample plot does not differ significantly between sites, but in older stands difference was significant. Dividing age−species strata of stands older than 70 years into substrata according to site conditions influenced reduction of volume variability from 10 to 57% in newly created substrata. Dividing strata consisted of stands in regeneration class according to stand density index allowed to decrease the volume variability from 9 to 20%. Mean volume of trees in stands on similar sites does no differ significantly between subdistricts in the same forest district. Strata distinguished within the whole forest district are bigger and represented by more sample plots than on the subdistrict level, which significantly reduced standard error of volume and improved effectiveness of stratification in forest inventory.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 10; 804-811
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inwentaryzacja martwego drewna statystyczną metodą reprezentacyjną z zastosowaniem warstw gatunkowo-wiekowych
Inventory of deadwood by the means of a statistical representative sampling method using species-age layers
Autorzy:
Bujoczek, L.
Bujoczek, M.
Banaś, J.
Zięba, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drewno martwe
miazszosc drewna
zasoby drzewne
szacowanie zasobow
metody statystyczne
typy siedliskowe lasu
gatunki panujace
wiek drzewostanu
coarse woody debris
snags
measurements
accuracy
Opis:
According to the current forest management manual, deadwood volume should be evaluated on 10% of sampling plots, located in different species−age layers, which are used for determining stand volume in a given forest unit. Sampling plot size differs depending on tree stand age and ranges from 0.005 to 0.05 ha. The results are reported for the entire forest district and by forest site type. The objective of the study was to analyze the accuracy of deadwood volume estimations in the light of the guidelines stipulated in the forest management manual and to find the ways to improve the obtained results. Deadwood volume was measured on 2752 sample plots used to determine stand volume and the mean value calculated on that basis was 5.4 m³/ha. Subsequently, 30 random draws of sampling plots were performed. Estimates based on randomly selected pools consisting of 10% of sampling plots ranged from 3.5 to 8.6 m³/ha. Subsequently, another 10% of sampling plots were randomly drawn and added to the previous ones. The results for 20% of sampling plots were 4.5−7.0 m³/ha, for 30% – 4.3−6.4 m³/ha, for 40% – 4.6−6.4 m³/ha and for 50% – 4.7−6.0 m³/ha. In the next step, 225 sampling plots located in reserves and special zones around the nests of protected species were discarded. The mean volume of deadwood computed for the managed forest areas alone (2527 sample plots) was 4.7 m³/ha. The random drawing procedure was repeated to give the following results: 3.6−6.8 m³/ha for 10% of sampling plots; 3.8−5.8 m³/ha for 20%; 3.9−5.3 m³/ha for 30%; 4.2−5.3 m³/ha for 40%; and 4.2−5.1 m³/ha for 50% of sampling plots. The categorization of the randomly selected sampling plots by forest site type in most cases yielded results significantly differed from the values computed based on all sampling plots. It was found that estimates based on 10% of sampling plots may diverge considerably from true values due to the uneven distribution of deadwood. In particular, managed and unmanaged forest areas should not be combined due to the high differences in the volume of deadwood between them. If a relatively low number of sampling plots is used, it seems advisable to report results only for the forest division as a whole, without a breakdown into site types. Satisfactory estimates for the different forest sites types would require much more work. The use of a greater number of sampling plots than specified in the forest management manual seems to be a fundamental prerequisite for improving the accuracy of deadwood volume estimates.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 114-123
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 24

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