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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów świerkowych Gór Sowich
    Damage to spruce stands in the Sowie Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Kluziński, L.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990883.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Gory Sowie
    drzewostany swierkowe
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    uszkodzenia drzew
    korony drzew
    reakcje przyrostowe
    warunki srodowiska
    degree of damage
    growth response
    picea abies
    poland
    Opis:
    The aim of the research was to assess the degree of damage to spruce trees and stands and to study their growth responses to the changing environmental conditions in the Sowie Mountains (Central Sudety Mts.). To assess the degree of damage to trees, three methods based on crown characteristics were used. The types of growth responses of trees to changing environmental conditions were additionally taken into account in one of the methods. Regardless of the assessment method, spruce stands in the Sowie Mountains demonstrated a high level of damage. The poorest growth conditions were found in the period 1966−1980 when a large number of trees showed negative growth responses, indicating a decrease in radial increment. The period 1996−2010 showed an improvement in the growth conditions of trees because the proportion of trees with negative growth responses decreased, while the proportion of trees with positive growth responses increased. It was also found that the growth conditions for spruce were more favourable in the lower montane forest zone (above 600 m a.s.l.), and less favourable at the foothills (below 600 m a.s.l.), which may be caused by the competition of beech replacing spruce in the lower locations in the mountains.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 03; 173-182
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych Ziemi Kłodzkiej
    Degree of damage to beech stands in the Klodzko Region
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989030.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Ziemia Klodzka
    drzewostany bukowe
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    defoliacja
    witalnosc
    syntetyczny wskaznik uszkodzenia
    stopien uszkodzenia
    drzewa lesne
    buk zwyczajny
    Fagus sylvatica
    uszkodzenia drzew
    reakcje przyrostowe
    przyrost piersnicy
    fagus sylvatica
    damage to trees
    Opis:
    The study presents the assessment of damage to beech stands using four methods, including that taking into account the radial increment. The condition of stands in 2016, and the growth response of trees to the environmental changes since 1956 are described. The measurements and observations were carried out on 18 sample plots (tab. 1) located in south−western Poland. The mean defoliation accounts for 32.5% ranging from 16.9 to 56.9%, while the average defoliation class value is 1.62 ranging from 0.75 to 2.38. The proportion of trees was found to be the highest (approx. 60%) in class of moderate damage (fig. 1a). The mean value of vitality is 1.17 (ranging from 0.75 to 2.38). The proportion of trees in vitality classes differs significantly from that in defoliation classes. The highest number of trees (approx. 80%) was found to be within damage class of weakened trees (fig. 1b). The assessment of damage to trees based on synthetic damage index (defoliation and vitality combined using formula [1]) is similar to the assessment method based on tree vitality. The mean value is 1.07, ranging from 0.63 to 1.70. The largest proportion of trees (over 80%) was found to be within class 1 (fig. 1c). The index SynZ combines defoliation and vitality, as well as the growth response of trees over the last 15 years according to formula [2]. Its values range from 0.82 to 1.79 with 1.21 on average. The largest proportion of trees (over 70%) was found to be within damage class 1 (fig. 1d). The response of trees to environmental changes is an important indicator of the growth conditions. The proportion of trees with negative growth responses increases from period to period, while the proportion of trees with neutral and positive responses decreases (fig. 2). The analysed beech stands show fairly large differences in the level of the damage. The most likely cause of this situation are droughts occurring in recent growing seasons, especially in 2012. Of the methods deployed to assess damage to beech trees, the morphological−growth one is the most accurate, but the most laborious. Therefore, it is preferable to use a synthetic damage index as both tree defoliation and vitality can also be assessed outside the growing season.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 05; 430-439
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów jodłowych Beskidu Niskiego
    Degree of damage to silver fir stands in the Beskid Niski Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989946.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany jodlowe
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    jodla pospolita
    Abies alba
    uszkodzenia drzew
    korony drzew
    reakcje przyrostowe
    warunki srodowiska
    radial increment
    environmental changes
    primary crown
    secondary crown
    abies alba
    Opis:
    The main aim of the research was to study trees growth responses to the changing environmental conditions and to assess the degree of damage to trees taking into consideration their secondary crown. Based the material from plots established in 12 silver fir stands (tab.), chronologies were developed for trees in various age classes (fig. 1). 1950 saw a downward trend in the radial growth that continued till 1985, to be followed by an upturn lasting till 2000, when the radial growth stabilised. No significant changes in tree−growth were observed in the group of the youngest trees. Three types of growth response to environmental changes (positive, neutral and negative) were distinguished in the last three 15−year−long periods. In years 1970−1984 the largest proportion of firs indicated negative growth responses, while firs with positive response dominated in the period 2000−2014 (fig. 2). The period 1970−2014 saw a steady increase in the mean value of growth responses. The assessment of the top−crown growth (feature B) showed that more than 50% of the trees showed inhibited growth (fig. 3). The assessment of tree vitality (feature C) confirmed the dominance of trees with moderate crown vitality. The vitality of the secondary crowns (Zw) situated below the primary crowns (Zp) of firs was assessed on the basis of crown density and its length (formula [1]). Incorporating Zw in the assessment of tree damage (formula [2]) resulted in an increase in the vitality of the whole crown (Z) (fig. 4). Based on the defoliation, 73% of trees were found to be within damage class 2 (fig. 5). Another method of damage to trees determination was adopted (formula [3]) to assess the damage to fir stands and showed that the largest proportion of trees was with moderate damage (fig. 6). The damage index values obtained with this method were lower compared to the method that considers the defoliation exclusively. Even lower index values were obtained while using the method based on both damage index W and tree−growth response. Of the three discussed damage assessment methods, the most accurate is the method based on damage index Wz, taking into account the growth response of the entire crown (Z).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 11; 893-904
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Urządzanie i monitoring lasu a ustalanie stref uszkodzenia lasu i stopni uszkodzenia drzewostanów
    Forest management and monitoring versus establishment of forest damage zones and degrees of stand damage
    Autorzy:
    Gołojuch, P.
    Beker, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989694.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    monitoring
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    strefy uszkodzen lasu
    stopien uszkodzenia
    zagrozenia lasu
    forest damage
    management
    Opis:
    In years 1970−2002, in Poland forest damage zones were distinguished within the framework of forest management works. Since 2003 degrees of stand damage have been determined. This study presents basic characteristics of the methods employed for these purposes concerning the necessity to elaborate a new method of determination of degrees of stand damage. The establishment of forest damage zones and degrees of stand damage cannot be treated as one of the forms of monitoring because in order to determine their range, no observations on the permanent plots and – within their confines – on the same sample trees were and are carried out. Over the time, evaluation criteria or/and ways of establishment of the extent of damages have been undergoing considerable and significant methodological changes and modifications. In terms of dynamically altering quantitative and qualitative impact of different factors affecting forest environment, 10 years period of observation repeatability is far too long to use this information as an indicator of occurring changes. In practice, it was and it still is impossible to determine objectively trends and directions of changes taking place in a given object, which is one of the objectives of forest monitoring. The concept of damage zone should be understood not only as an area of grouping the stands of the same or similar damage, but, equally importantly, as those which happen to be under the influence of the same factor exerting its influence at the same level. Therefore, when determining the range of zones, the following three actions should be taken into consideration simultaneously: complex crown evaluation, dendrometric measurements and monitoring of the effect of the causative agent. In order to trace the trends of the changes on the study plots, the same sample trees must be subjected to evaluations and measurements. From the point of view of the time perspective, examinations should be carried out every 5 years (assessment of the crown condition and dendrometric measurements) or on a continuous basis (monitoring of the effect of the causative agent) irrespective of the forest taxation. It is also advisable to consider possible use of contemporary remote sensing techniques to determine the range of zones and degrees of damage, which preliminary can be used to establish the range, intensity and kind of the damages.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 01; 13-21
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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