Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "alternative transport" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of selected operating parameters of engine powered by a mixture of biocomponents and diesel oil
    Autorzy:
    Markiewicz-Patalon, M.
    Muślewski, Ł.
    Kaszkowiak, J.
    Knopik, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    means of transport
    diesel oil
    biocomponent
    alternative fuels
    Opis:
    Reaching of high parameters of a drive unit and low pollution of the natural environment is considered to be the most desired effect of motorization. The use of the additive in the form of fatty acid methyl esters to the diesel oil, assumes lowering of harmful fuel gases’ emission and reaching high operating parameters of an engine, such as power and turning moment. Studies on the power output and the turning moment of an engine with self-ignition are presented in the study. The subject matter of the studies was a combustion engine with self-ignition of the power of 80 kW with the direct common rail system and turbo-compressor’s supercharging and with electromagnetic injectors. The tested engine was powered with diesel oil and the mixture of fatty acid methyl esters and the diesel fuel, in proportions 10%, 30% and 50% with an improver, at the standard settings of the fuel injection controllers. The vehicle used for the testing purposes, has been singled out with respect to the specific features, such as: universality of its use as a means of transportation and the opportunity of modification of the injection parameters, resistance to possible unfavourable consequences resulting from the use of the fuel mixture. The studies were conducted on a chassis test house, at full engine’s loading. The vehicle placed on the test house’s rollers, was strapped with belts to the foundation, and then accelerated up to the specific speed and subjected to loading standing in place. In such a manner, the road conditions were simulated. The obtained results of the tests were subject to the statistical analysis. From their analysis it results, that application of the mixture lowers the engine’s parameters to a degree unnoticeable at the time of its operation.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 239-244
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transestrification of biofuel, yes but why?
    Autorzy:
    Sitnik, L. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242003.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    diesel engines
    fuels
    alternative fuels
    biofuel
    Opis:
    This paper presents a novel way of utilizing alcohols as fuels for a diesel engine. It is proposed to use heavy alcohols as a mix with vegetable oils and conventional diesel fuel. It is presented the another way to use alcohols. Namely, the use of heavy alcohols as a solvent for vegetable oil (named the biomix or BM) and after the obtainment of the thickness, which would be approximate to diesel fuel, mixing the biomix with diesel fuel to obtained biomix diesel (BMD). This solution will be shown for example with butanol as heavy alcohol, rape oil as vegetable oil and conventional diesel fuel. The investigations are carried out with a simple diesel engine on the engine test bed. Main parameters of engine (power output, torque, specifically fuel consumption) and the main exhaust gas component (in this case CO, NOx, PM) will be investigated. There were better results achieved than one expected. Opposed to existing experiences, the maximum of power output and the torque of engine are higher in the whole range of the rotatory speed of the engine crankshaft when the engine biomix diesel (BMD) is reinforced. The addition of the component biomix to fuel influences the specific fuel consumption. Generally with the larger part of the component biomix the specific fuel consumption grows. Because the power of engine also grows up one should expect that in exploitation the specific fuel consumption should not increase. Transestrification process in the proposed solution does not appear. This has large economic meaning. The investment amount (the transestrification plant) is not necessary. The power consumption to get fuel is lower. Vegetable oils are fully used (glycerine is not produced). BMD has stable parameters. The usage of existing infrastructure to this transportation is enough. Very important is that this fuel could be used to reinforce old, existing now and the future diesel engines. The production of butanol is known. It will be interesting to use for the production an electrolysis process, especially in the proposed new plant where the electrolysis process is connected with the process to get the electrical energy from byproducts of electrolysis (i.e. hydrogen and oxygen) in the fuel cell. It seems to be more efficient. The possibility to get butanol from ethanol gives a very good perspective for the use of ethanol from today's overproduction and moreover without the essential change of infrastructure.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 537-544
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New European biofuels for diesel engines
    Autorzy:
    Sitnik, L. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243532.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    combustion engines
    alternative fuels
    biofuels
    butanol
    Opis:
    The World is strongly dependent on crude oil for its transport needs. In order to diminish this dependence, we need to introduce clean, CO2-efficient, secure and affordable transportation fuels. The development of innovative biofuel technologies will help to cover significantly (up to 25% in Europe) road transport fuel needs. Biofuels production of 33 billion litres in 2004 is small compared to 1200 billion litres of gasoline produced annually worldwide. The current production of liquid biofuels in the EU 25 is about 2 Mtoe, which is less than 1% of the market. Recent assessments have concluded that the 2010 targets, 18 Mtoe used in the transport sector, are unlikely to be achieved. There can be three basic possibilities of accomplishing this target: i) use of alcohols (first of all ethanol) and their mixing with petrol; ii) use of fatty acids esters (methyl or ethyl) of vegetable oils and their mixing with diesel fuel, iii) use of synthetic hydrocarbons of the synthetic gas coming from biomass resources and eventually their mixing with other ,,classical" hydrocarbons. This paper presents a novel way of utilizing alcohols as fuels for a diesel engine. It is proposed to use heavy alcohols as a mix with conventional diesel fuel. The possibility to use a mix of butanol (as heavy alcohol) with conventional diesel fuel is demonstrated. Butanol has some key advantages over ethanol and light hydrocarbons (petrol), including higher energy content and better transport characteristics. Moreover, butanol is hydrophobic, so a new logistic infrastructure is not necessary. This paper demonstrates that a diesel-butanol fuel mixture is supplied to a diesel engine without any problems. A consumption of proposed biofuel mixture from +35% to -35% of typical diesel fuel depends on many factors not only on fuel energy density. A near-term effort of BP Biofuels and DuPont to develop and commercialize biobutanol is well-known. Here, it is proposed a new technological process combining electricity generation in fuel cells with electrolysis and a production of butanol from ethanol, which gives an opportunity to reduce today,'s over production of ethanol without a necessary change of existing infrastructure.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 487-491
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Future of electric cars in the EU
    Autorzy:
    Gis, W
    Waśkiewicz, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244969.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    cars
    transport
    carbon dioxide emissions
    alternative drives
    Opis:
    The article presents scenarios for the EU and national development of passenger electric and hybrid cars. The forecast for 2030 of the shares of such vehicles in the total number of new passenger cars sold in various categories in the EU, has been presented. The expected carbon dioxide emissions for this time horizon, in so-called, life cycle of cars in the EU and in Poland, in relation to conventionally powered passenger cars and electric and hybrid cars, have also been presented The results of surveys conducted by the Motor Transport Institute on the interest of residents of the Polish agglomerations in the acquisition and operation of the electric cars in the coming years have been d. Questions and answers referred to the socio - demographic structure of the respondents and their households, the number of classes of the cars owned, monthly household income and self-evaluation of the quality of the income management. Also, the questions were asked about the ownership and extent of use (frequency of use of a car owned and the average annual mileage) and the criteria for the current and future choices of passenger cars (e.g. price class, purpose). The questions also concerned the technical and economic knowledge of electric cars (such as the impact on the natural environment, operating costs), as well as willingness to incur possible costs associated with the purchase of an electric car. The focus was also placed on getting to know the vulnerability of the consumers to the influence of the actions of the propaganda, administrative and economic nature, which may affect the consumers’ decisions concerning the purchase of electric cars and learning about the reasons for any reluctance to use such vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 83-88
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cars in the first years of 21st century
    Autorzy:
    Szczepaniak, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242723.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    vehicles
    ultra light automobiles
    alternative cars
    Opis:
    The fact that we live in a new era of informational civilization compels us to fulfil new requirements also in the area of transportation and motorization. The paper deals with the problems of the cars of the first years of our century. Basic assumptions for the concepts of such cars are as follows: alternative forms of personal transportation are inevitable, cars must be environment friendly and friendly for human beings, and general design concept of the cars will not be changed. Some examples of such vehicles are presented using the concept of ultra light automobiles described by Q .R. Riley. The paper also describes "zero emission" cars and there are mentioned ideas of the vehicles with engines which are yet known in the sphere of science-fiction only. Design requirements for construction of future cars, ideas on construction of cars of the future as well as requirements which should realize motor vehicles friendly to humans and the environment, example solutions of various technical nature which can contribute to fulfilment of requirements imposed on SPNS and the proposal according to the author (R. Q. Riley) of Alternative cars in the 21st Century [3] are represented in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 487-492
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    River tramway - an alternative solution for sustainable passenger urban transport system
    Żegluga śródlądowa w komunikacji miejskiej jako czynnik zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu
    Autorzy:
    Jastrzębski, T.
    Sułek, J.
    Tołkacz, L.
    Żurawski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    Inland Shipping
    transport
    zrównoważony
    alternatywny
    projekt
    sustainable
    alternative
    design
    Opis:
    The development of sustainable transportation means and systems is one of the European policies. Different criteria are taken into consideration to find an optimum solution when urban transport is investigated - in both traditional and innovative technical solutions. In the paper an alternative proposal to inland systems is proposed and the concept of design solutions is presented as well. The proposal is addressed partly to the local waterways in Szczecin and western Pomerania region and is based on a sustainable passenger traffic analysis. It may also be interesting for application in the conditions of other cities and regions - Wroclaw, Dresden and Praha.
    Rozwój środków i systemów transportu zrównoważonego stał się jedną z naczelnych dyrektyw Unii Europejskiej. Badania nad środkami transportu miejskiego, w dwóch aspektach - tradycyjnym i innowacyjnym, wymagają wzięcia pod uwagę wielu różnych kryteriów i poszukiwania optymalnego rozwiązania. W publikacji przedstawiono propozycję alternatywnego wykorzystania dróg śródlądowych w celach transportu miejskiego. Zaproponowano wstępną koncepcję rozwiązania projektowego. Rozwiązanie przystosowane jest do warunków panujących na lokalnych drogach wodnych Szczecina i rejonu Pomorza Zachodniego i spełnia warunki uzyskane z analizy zrównoważonego transportu pasażerskiego. Rozwiązanie to może stanowoć ciekawą alternatywę również dla innych miast - Wrocławia, Drezna i Pragi.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2005, 9 (81); 75-86
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reduction emission level of harmful components exhaust gases by means of control of parameters influencing on spraying process of biofuel components for aircraft engines
    Autorzy:
    Jankowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245547.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    aircraft engines
    alternative fuels
    fuel atomization
    exhaust gas emissions
    Opis:
    The aim of the research is to test the fuel additives which decrease dimensions of atomised fuel drops, by applying changes to the specific parameters which impact the atomisation process. Those parameters include density, surface tension, viscosity and the viscosity index. Dimensions of drops of biofuels are much bigger compared to hydrocarbon fuels. By modifying the physical and chemical parameters of biofuels, dimensions of drops in an atomised fuel stream should become smaller. Those dimensions play a major role for the level of emissions of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide, as well as mainly nitrogen oxides and particulates. The research on emissions of toxic components of fuel is relatively advanced today in the field of piston combustion engines, especially for use in car vehicles. However, the dynamic development of the air transport brings more pressure on the issue of toxic emissions in the case of aircraft engines. The level of toxic emissions from aircraft engines may be from ten up to even several thousand times greater than the level of emissions from piston engines. The issue of how biofuel additives can affect the process of fuel atomisation and thus enable the control over the atomisation to obtain the smallest possible drops leading to reduced nitrogen oxides emissions is a new and original issue. The reduced nitrogen oxides emissions in the case of biofuels is of utmost significance because, according to latest knowledge, those levels are increasing.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 129-134
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Future mobility without internal combustion engines and fuels?
    Czy w przyszłości transport będzie mógł funkcjonować bez silników spalinowych i paliw?
    Autorzy:
    Lenz, H. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133507.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    transport
    combustion engines
    engine fuels
    alternative powertrain
    alternative fuels
    silnik spalinowy
    paliwa silnikowe
    napęd alternatywny
    paliwa alternatywne
    Opis:
    For many decades to come, and in the foreseeable future, internal combustion engines – in many cases with electric motors – will be with us, just like the liquid fuels they require. The importance of crude oil will decline, as these fuels will be increasingly produced on a synthetic basis without CO2 emissions. The answers to the question "Future Mobility without internal Combustion Engines and Fuels?" are "no" in both cases. Purely battery-electric mobility will be applied in the future only in specific areas. fuel-cell vehicles will hardly be used because of the extreme infrastructure investment costs. In contrast, liquid fuels will ensure the future of mobility. in this scenario, energy such as solar or wind energy will be generated without CO2 emissions.
    Silniki spalinowe funkcjonują jako źródła napędu pojazdów już ponad 100 lat i w dającej się przewidzieć przyszłości wciąż będą powszechnie stosowane, podobnie jak paliwa płynne potrzebne do ich zasilania. Znaczenie ropy naftowej będzie jednak powoli malało w miarę wzrostu skali produkcji paliw syntetycznych, w procesach zapewniających małą emisję CO2. Odpowiedź na pytanie: czy transport w przyszłości będzie odbywać się bez silników spalinowych i paliw brzmi: nie. Napęd elektryczny stosowany będzie tylko na wybranych obszarach. Pojazdy wykorzystujące ogniwa paliwowe nigdy nie osiągną większej popularności ze względu na wysokie koszty budowy niezbędnej infrastruktury. Tylko paliwa płynne będą w stanie zaspokoić przyszłościowe potrzeby transportu. Do ich wytworzenia wykorzystywana będzie jednak energia ze źródeł o zerowej emisji CO2, jak na przykład baterie słoneczne, czy farmy wiatrowe.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 4; 3-15
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of unburnt hydrocarbon emissions for diesel engines fueled by diesel oil and rapeseed fuel
    Autorzy:
    Rusin, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245894.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    CI internal combustion engines
    motor fuels
    alternative fuels
    toxic exhaust emissions
    Opis:
    The article presents the results of the of the HC emissions composition for the compression ignition - diesel engine fuelled with rapeseed fuel (a mixture of methyl esters of fatty acids - RSME). The investigations were conducted on a turbocharged, four-cylinder compression-ignition engine type T370 (of 80 hW power at 2400 rpm engine speed and maximum torque of 400 Nm at 1440 rpm engine speed, with bore/stroke 110 mm /l20 mm, displacement volume 4560 cm3, compression ratio 17). For the exhaust toxicity investigations the eauipment of Signal and AVL companies was used, and for composition of nonregulated hydrocarbons emissions investigations the Hewlett Packard Company chromatograph type HP-5890II was used. The investigations were conducted under engine full load at maximum torque speed and for engine rotational speed of the rated power. Chromatographic test for emissions were collected using special equipment and special procedures. The article presents the results of chromatographic investigations focusedon: benzene, toluene and acetaldehyde. It was found that the percentage of emission of individual components in the total emissions of HC was independent of the fuel used. However, due to the fact that in the case of rape fuel, emission of unburned HC was smaller and smaller were the absolute amounts of emissions components. Thus, emissions from combustion of rape fuel are less harmful than emissions from the engine fuelled with diesel oil.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 549-555
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przemysł cementowy na drodze do Zielonego Ładu
    Autorzy:
    Środa, Bożena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/343393.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Producentów Cementu
    Tematy:
    przemysł cementowy
    redukcja CO2
    paliwo alternatywne
    innowacyjność
    transport
    zużycie ciepła
    cement industry
    CO2 reduction
    alternative fuel
    innovation
    heat consumption
    Źródło:
    Budownictwo, Technologie, Architektura; 2020, 3; 68-74
    1644-745X
    Pojawia się w:
    Budownictwo, Technologie, Architektura
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Unii Europejskiej a polityka energetyczna w transporcie
    Power management safety in EU and the energy policy in transportation
    Autorzy:
    Rolbiecki, Ryszard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Ekonomiczny
    Tematy:
    energochłonność
    energia finalna
    energia pierwotna
    krajowe zużycie energii brutto
    transport
    paliwa alternatywne
    energy consumption
    final energy
    primary energy
    gross inland energy
    consumption
    transportation
    alternative fuels
    Opis:
    Poważnym problemem gospodarki krajów UE jest znaczne uzależnienie od dostaw ropy naftowej. Stąd też jednym z priorytetowych celów polityki UE jest podniesienie efektywności energetycznej gospodarki oraz zwiększenie udziału odnawialnych źródeł energii w zużyciu finalnym do 20%. Znacznym konsumentem zasobów energetycznych jest transport. W krajach UE-28 na sektor transportu przypada bowiem prawie 32% ogólnego zużycia energii finalnej. Sektor transportu jest przy tym szczególnie uzależniony od dostaw ropy naftowej. Dlatego też w Białej Księdze z 2011 r. wskazano, jako jeden z głównych celów europejskiej polityki transportowej, potrzebę bardziej efektywnego gospodarowania zasobami energii oraz promowania niezależności od ropy naftowej. Istotne znaczenie w procesie zwiększania efektywności energetycznej w transporcie mają innowacje techniczne, w tym zwłaszcza polegające na szerszym wykorzystywaniu paliw alternatywnych. Szczególnie duże możliwości zastosowania w transporcie, spośród paliw alternatywnych, mają: skroplony gaz ropopochodny (LPG), skroplony gaz ziemny (LNG) oraz biopaliwa. Działania te służąc poprawie efektywności energetycznej transportu, przyczyniają się do większego uniezależnienia gospodarki krajów UE od importowanej ropy naftowej.
    EU countries face a serious problem of being too much dependent on the crude oil import. Transportation sector is especially dependent on import of fuels. Therefore The White Paper of 2011 outlines the need for more effective energy supplies management as one of the main European transportation policy objectives. Technical innovations, featuring a wider use of alternative fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG) and bio-fuels play a great role in the process of ensuring energy safety.
    Źródło:
    Współczesna Gospodarka; 2015, 6, 2; 21-32
    2082-677X
    Pojawia się w:
    Współczesna Gospodarka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies