Temat: tenses - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

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Tytuł:: Aspektualność i consecutio temporum w języku niderlandzkim i polskim
Aspectuality and consecutio temporum in Polish and Dutch
Autorzy:: Flor-Górecka, Agnieszka
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1879572.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:: aspekt
aspektualność
consecutio temporum
czasy gramatyczne
następstwo czasów
aspect
aspectuality
tenses
sequence of tenses
Opis:: Język niderlandzki, stający się coraz bardziej popularnym językiem obcym w Polsce, należy do języków germańskich, które są temporalne. Język polski należy do języków słowiańskich, które są aspektualne. W języku polskim istnieją trzy czasy gramatyczne: czas teraźniejszy, przeszły i przyszły, czasownik zasadniczo może być dokonany bądź niedokonany. W języku niderlandzkim istnieje według tradycyjnego ujęcia osiem czasów, cztery z nich są voltooid, czyli przedstawiające sytuację bądź akcję jako zakończoną, i cztery – onvoltooid, przedstawiające sytuację bądź akcję w czasie jej trwania. Aspekt jako obowiązkowa kategoria morfologiczna nie istnieje. To, czy czasownik w danym zdaniu jest dokonany czy też nie, zależy od innych części zdania.
In Poland, Dutch is becoming gradually a popular foreign language. It belongs to the Germanic languages, which have a verbal system with tenses. Polish is a Slavonic language with an aspectual verb system. In Polish there are 3 grammatical tenses: present tense, future tense and past tense. Polish verbs can be used in a perfective and an imperfective aspect. In Dutch we have 8 tenses. Four of them are voltooid (perfect) describing the situation or action as completed and the other four are onvoltooid (imperfect), they describe the situation or action as continuous or progressive. As all Germanic languages, Dutch lost aspect as an obligatory grammatical category. The perfective and imperfective aspect of the verb depends on other parts of the sentence.
Źródło:: Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2016, 64, 6; 7-30
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:: Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Constructing catalogue of temporal situations
Autorzy:: Koseska-Toszewa, Violetta
Mazurkiewicz, Antoni
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677143.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:: Sentences
tenses
states
events
time flow
Petri nets
modality
Opis:: Constructing catalogue of temporal situationsThe paper is aiming to create a common basis for description, comparing, and analysis natural languages. As a subject of comparison we have chosen temporal structures of some languages. For such a choice there exists a perfect tool, describing basic temporal phenomena, namely an ordering of states and events in time, certainty and uncertainty, independency of histories of separate objects, necessity and possibility. This tool is supported by the Petri nets formalism, which seems to be well suited for expressing the above mentioned phenomena. Petri nets are built form three primitive notions: of states, of events that begin or end the states, and so-called flow relation indicating succession of states and events. This simple constituents give rise to many possibilities of representing temporal phenomena; it turns out that such representations are sufficient for many (clearly, not necessarily all) temporal situations appearing in natural languages.In description formalisms used till now there is no possibility of expressing such reality phenomena as temporal dependencies in compound statement, or combination of temporality and modality. Moreover, using these formalisms one cannot distinguish between two different sources of uncertainty of the speaker while describing the reality: one, due to the lack of knowledge of the speaker what is going on in outside world, the second, due to objective impossibility of foreseen ways in which some conflict situations will be (or already have been) resolved. Petri net formalism seems to be perfectly suited for such differentiations.There are two main description principles that encompassed this paper. First, that assigns meaning to names of grammatical structures in different languages may lead to misunderstanding. Two grammatical structures with apparently close names may describe different reality. Additionally, some grammatical terms used in one language may be absent and not understandable in the other. It leads to assign meanings to situations, rather than to linguistic forms used for their expression. The second principle is limit the discussed issues to such a piece of reality that can be possible for precise description. The third is to avoid introducing such information to the described reality that is not explicitly mentioned by linguistic means. The authors try to following these principles in the present paper.The paper is organized as follows. First, some samples of situations related to present tense are given together with examples of their expressions in four languages: English, (as a reference language) and three Slavic languages, representing South slavonic languages (Bulgarian), West slavonic languages (Polish), and East slavonic languages (Russian). Within the same framework the next parts of the paper are constructed, supplying samples of using Past tenses and, finally, future tenses and modalities.The formal tools for description purposes are introduced stepwise, according to needs caused be the described reality. There are mainly Petri nets, equipped additionally with inscriptions or labeling in order to keep proper assignations of description units to described objects.
Źródło:: Cognitive Studies; 2010, 10
2392-2397
Pojawia się w:: Cognitive Studies
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: L’uso dei tempi e dei modi, traduzione delle espressioni fisse, idiomatiche e metaforiche e cambiamenti dei costrutti frasali nella versione polacca de «I dodici abati di Challant». Come superare i limiti di un sistema linguistico
The use of tenses and moods, translation of fixed expressions, idioms, metaphorical phrasal constructs and changes in the Polish version of 'I dodici abati di Challant'. How to overcome the limitations of a linguistic system?
Autorzy:: Salmeri, Claudio
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051087.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013-01-01
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:: Polish and Italian grammar
tenses
moods
syntax
idiomatic and metaphoric expressions
translation
Opis:: The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of a novel written in Italian by Laura Mancinelli, 'The Twelve Abbots of Challant', and its translation into Polish prepared by Maciej Brzozowski. Focusing on a few examples, such as the use of grammatical tenses and moods, differences in the syntax, and the problems of translating idiomatic and metaphoric expressions, the paper aims to compare the author’s style with that of the translator. The task undertaken by the translator seems very hard indeed from the very beginning due to considerable differences between the Italian and Polish languages in the use of tenses and moods. While the Italian grammar uses four moods, eight simple and seven compound tenses, the frugal Polish grammar makes with just three modes, one compound and three simple tenses. The discussion will clearly illustrate that thanks to some modifications it was possible to translate and preserve the meaning and the spirit of the Italian grammar and style.
Źródło:: Studia Romanica Posnaniensia; 2013, 40, 3; 81-94
0137-2475
2084-4158
Pojawia się w:: Studia Romanica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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