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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    The Benefit of Binaural Hearing Among Listeners with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    Autorzy:
    Pastusiak, Anna
    Niemiec, Dawid
    Kociński, Jędrzej
    Warzybok, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    hearing
    speech audiometry
    speech perception
    audiology
    Opis:
    The performance of binaural processing may be disturbed in the presence of hearing loss, especially of sensorineural type. To assess the impact of hearing loss on speech perception in noise regarding binaural processing, series of speech recognition measurements in controlled laboratory conditions were carried out. The spatial conditions were simulated using dummy head recordings played back on headphones. The Intelligibility Level Difference (ILD) was determined by measuring the change in the speech reception thresholds (SRT) between two configurations of a masking signal source (N) and a speech source (S), namely the S0N90 condition (where numbers stand for angles in horizontal plane) and the co-located condition (S0N0). To disentangle the head shadow effect (better ear effect) from binaural processing in the brain, the difference between binaural and monaural S0N90 condition (so-called Binaural Intelligibility Level Difference, BILD) value was calculated. Measurements were performed with a control group of normal-hearing listeners and a group of sensorineural hearing-impaired subjects. In all conditions performance of the hearing-impaired listeners was significantly lower than normal-hearing ones, resulting in higher SRT values (3 dB difference in the S0N0 configuration, 7.6 dB in S0N90 and 5 dB in monaural S0N90). The SRT improvement due to the spatial separation of target and masking signal (ILD) was also higher in the control group (8.1 dB) than in hearing-impaired listeners (3.5 dB). Moreover, a significant deterioration of the binaural processing described by BILD was found in people with sensorineural deficits. This parameter for normal-hearing listeners reached a value of 3 to 6 dB (4.6 dB on average) and decreased more than two times in the hearing-impaired group to 1.9 dB on average (with a deviation of 1.4 dB). These findings could not be explained by individual average hearing threshold (standard in audiological diagnostics) only. The outcomes indicate that there is a contribution of suprathershold deficits and it may be useful to consider binaural SRT measurements in noise in addition to the pure tone audiometry resulting in better diagnostics and hearing aid fitting.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2019, 44, 4; 709-717
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Which phonetic features should pronunciation Instructions focus on? An evaluation on the accentedness of segmental/syllable errors in L2 speech
    Autorzy:
    Gao, Zhiyan
    Weinberger, Steven
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620659.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-08-22
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    accentedness
    speech perception
    pronunciation instruction
    Opis:
    Many English language instructors are reluctant to incorporate pronunciation instruction into their teaching curriculum (Thomson 2014). One reason for such reluctance is that L2 pronunciation errors are numerous, and there is not enough time for teachers to address all of them (Munro and Derwing 2006; Thomson 2014). The current study aims to help language teachers set priorities for their instruction by identifying the segmental and structural aspects of pronunciation that are most foreign-accented to native speakers of American English. The current study employed a perception experiment. 100 speech samples selected from the Speech Accent Archive (Weinberger 2016) were presented to 110 native American English listeners who listened to and rated the foreign accentedness of each sample on a 9-point rating scale. 20 of these samples portray no segmental or syllable structure L2 errors. The other 80 samples contain a single consonant, vowel, or syllable structure L2 error. The backgrounds of the speakers of these samples came from 52 different native languages. Global prosody of each sample was controlled for by comparing its F0 contour and duration to a native English sample using the Dynamic Time Warping method (Giorgino 2009). The results show that 1) L2 consonant errors in general are judged to be more accented than vowel or syllable structure errors; 2) phonological environment affects accent perception, 3) occurrences of non-English consonants always lead to higher accentedness ratings; 4) among L2 syllable errors, vowel epenthesis is judged to be as accented as consonant substitutions, while deletion is judged to be less accented or not accented at all. The current study, therefore, recommends that language instructors attend to consonant errors in L2 speech while taking into consideration their respective phonological environments.
    Źródło:
    Research in Language; 2018, 16, 2
    1731-7533
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Language
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Credibility of native and non-native speakers of English revisited: Do non-native listeners feel the same?
    Autorzy:
    Hanzlíková, Dagmar
    Skarnitzl, Radek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620955.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    credibility
    foreign accent
    language attitudes
    speech communication
    speech perception
    Opis:
    This study reports on research stimulated by Lev-Ari and Keysar (2010) who showed that native listeners find statements delivered by foreign-accented speakers to be less true than those read by native speakers. Our objective was to replicate the study with non-native listeners to see whether this effect is also relevant in international communication contexts. The same set of statements from the original study was recorded by 6 native and 6 non-native speakers of English. 121 non-native listeners rated the truthfulness of the statements on a 7-point scale. The results of our study tentatively do confirm a negative bias against non-native speakers as perceived by non-native listeners, showing that subconscious attitudes to language varieties are also relevant in communication among non-native speakers.
    Źródło:
    Research in Language; 2017, 15, 3; 285-298
    1731-7533
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Language
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Native Speaker Perceptions of Accented Speech: The English Pronunciation of Macedonian EFL Learners
    Autorzy:
    Kirkova-Naskova, Anastazija
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620562.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    foreign accent
    speech perception
    native speaker
    Macedonian English
    Opis:
    The paper reports on the results of a study that aimed to describe the vocalic and consonantal features of the English pronunciation of Macedonian EFL learners as perceived by native speakers of English and to find out whether native speakers who speak different standard variants of English perceive the same segments as non-native. A specially designed computer web application was employed to gather two types of data: a) quantitative (frequency of segment variables and global foreign accent ratings on a 5-point scale), and b) qualitative (open-ended questions). The result analysis points out to three most frequent markers of foreign accent in the English speech of Macedonian EFL learners: final obstruent devoicing, vowel shortening and substitution of English dental fricatives with Macedonian dental plosives. It also reflects additional phonetic aspects poorly explained in the available reference literature such as allophonic distributional differences between the two languages and intonational mismatch.
    Źródło:
    Research in Language; 2010, 8; 1-21
    1731-7533
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Language
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Role of Visual Speech Cues (Cued Speech) in Foreign Language Learning by Hearing School-Age Children
    Autorzy:
    Grabowska-Chenczke, Olga
    Francuz, Piotr
    Bałaj, Bibianna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343465.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    speech perception
    foreign language learning
    auditory distraction
    visual speech cues
    Cued Speech
    Opis:
    In this study, we aimed to determine the role of visual speech cues in the process of foreign language learning by hearing school-age children. Our experiments used Cued Speech, a method designed for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. We expected that the principles of the method might also be beneficial for people with normal hearing because they may help distinguish the sounds of foreign speech that are difficult to hear. This study mainly focused on the effects of speech perception. We tested 126 Polish junior high school students (66 girls and 60 boys) with a normal range of phonemic hearing and language aptitude. We envisaged that foreign language learners using visual speech cues would achieve a higher score on a test of foreign language than learners who had studied the language in the traditional manner. We also formulated a hypothesis concerning the interaction of training type and training conditions on the effectiveness of foreign language learning: that the difference in the effects of foreign language learning between participants who received visual or executive training and typical training would be more significant in the presence of auditory distractors than in their absence. We observed interactions between conditions and types of training for speech sound identification. Under conditions of auditory distraction, foreign language learners using Cued Speech scored significantly higher than learners who had traditional training.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2023, 26, 3; 215-240
    1507-7888
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Psychologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Perceptual Identification of Polish Vowels Due to F0 Changes
    Autorzy:
    Owsianny, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178026.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    F0
    formants
    speech perception
    vowel shifts
    voice quality
    Opis:
    The paper investigates the interdependence between the perceptual identification of the vocalic quality of six isolated Polish vowels traditionally defined by the spectral envelope and the fundamental frequency F0. The stimuli used in the listening experiments were natural female and male voices, which were modified by changing the F0 values in the ±1 octave range. The results were then compared with the outcome of the experiments on fully synthetic voices. Despite the differences in the generation of the investigated stimuli and their technical quality, consistent results were obtained. They confirmed the findings that in the perceptual identification of vowels of key importance is not only the position of the formants on the F1 × F2 plane but also their relationship to F0, the connection between the formants and the harmonics and other factors. The paper presents, in quantitative terms, all possible kinds of perceptual shifts of Polish vowels from one phonetic category to another in the function of voice pitch. An additional perceptual experiment was also conducted to check a broader range of F0 changes and their impact on the identification of vowels in CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant) structures. A mismatch between the formants and the glottal tone value can lead to a change in phonetic category.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2019, 44, 1; 13-26
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Percepcja audytywna, właściwości akustyczne oraz cechy dystrybucyjne sylab w języku polskim
    Auditive perception, acoustic and distributional properties of syllables in Polish
    Autorzy:
    Śledziński, Daniel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916843.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    syllable
    speech perception
    artificial neural networks
    automatic speech recognition
    sylaba
    percepcja mowy
    sztuczne sieci neuronowe
    automatyczne rozpoznawanie mowy
    Opis:
    This paper presents experiments concerning properties of selected CV syllables. Acoustic speech signal related to particular syllables was analyzed using artificial neural networks. The goal of the analyses was to investigate whether realizations of particular syllables retain acoustic features distinctive of these syllables. Aditionally, a perception test aiming at identification of the same syllable set was carried out. In the test we analyzed to which degree it is possible to identify syllables isolated from the linguistic context. The paper discusses also results on distributional properties of syllables which indicate that such properties may play a significant role in speech perception.Percepcja audytywna, właściwości akustyczne oraz cechy dystrybucyjne sylab w języku polskim
    Źródło:
    Investigationes Linguisticae; 2015, 32; 106-123
    1426-188X
    1733-1757
    Pojawia się w:
    Investigationes Linguisticae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some remarks on stress and reduction correlations in Spanish
    Autorzy:
    Broś, Karolina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
    Tematy:
    consonant weakening
    Spanish stress
    vowel reduction
    speech perception
    perception cues
    redukcja samogłosek
    redukcja spółgłosek
    akcent hiszpański
    percepcja mowy
    rytm
    Opis:
    Spanish is well-known for its consonant reduction processes across all dialects. At the same time, its vowel inventory is not particularly rich, with 5 evenly distributed, stable vowel categories that tend not to change their qualities regardless of stress and rhythm. Meanwhile, several Spanish varieties show vowel reduction, but crucially without accompanying advancement in terms of consonantal weakening. Based on this evidence it is proposed that the two types of reduction are correlated to the extent that one excludes the other. Given the extraordinary stability of the Spanish vowels in the vast majority of the dialects, the paper investigates various cues to stress and reduction, which is followed by a discussion of empirical studies on SLA and speech perception and production. These studies point to the fact that given the distribution of Spanish sounds and the Spanish stress system, changes in stress and vowel quality inhibit comprehension of native categories (sounds, words and prosodic elements). This should be taken as a point of departure for further studies on speech perception, second language acquisition by speakers of languages with rigid vowel systems and the correlation between vocalic and consonantal weakening (reduction).
    Kilka uwag na temat korelacji między akcentem a redukcją głosek w języku hiszpańskimJak powszechnie wiadomo, w języku hiszpańskim występuje wiele procesów redukcji spółgłosek. Jednocześnie, system samogłoskowy tego języka jest dość prosty. Obejmuje on 5 stabilnych, równomiernie rozłożonych fonemów, których realizacje są niezmienne bez względu na akcent wyrazowy czy intonację. Na uwagę zasługuje natomiast fakt, że w niektórych dialektach języka hiszpańskiego zaobserwować można redukcję samogłosek w postaci ubezdźwięcznienia, ale bez jednoczesnego występowania zmian spółgłoskowych o charakterze lenicyjnym. Biorąc pod uwagę taką a nie inną dystrybucję procesów redukcyjnych, można dojść do wniosku, że redukcja spółgłosek wyklucza redukcję samogłosek i odwrotnie. Pomiędzy omawianymi dwoma typami zjawisk zachodzi zatem ciekawa zależność, którą warto zbadać pod względem produkcyjnym, percepcyjnym, akwizycyjnym i typologicznym. Szereg badań z zakresu percepcji i produkcji samogłosek przez użytkowników rodzimych języka hiszpańskiego wskazuje na to, że systemy o mało rozbudowanym inwentarzu samogłosek i rytmie sylabicznym polegają na innych sygnałach niż typologicznie inne języki przy rozpoznawaniu akcentu i melodii (jakości samogłoski). Nawet niewielkie zmiany jakościowe i akcentowe wpływają zaś negatywnie na zrozumienie poszczególnych elementów leksykalnych i znacznie zaburzają procesy przetwarzania mowy.
    Źródło:
    Linguistica Copernicana; 2017, 14
    2080-1068
    2391-7768
    Pojawia się w:
    Linguistica Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potencionální vlivy na percepci a produkci řeči v důsledku opatření souvisejícími s prevencí SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19). Pohled logopeda
    The possible outcomes of SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) prevention on speech and perception: A speech and language therapist’s view
    Potencjalny wpływ środków zapobiegających SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) na percepcję i produkcję mowy. Opinia logopedy
    Autorzy:
    Vitásková, Kateřina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065989.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-29
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
    Tematy:
    terapia logopedyczna
    komunikacja
    mowa
    zapobieganie zarażeniu COVID-19
    percepcja mowy
    produkcja mowy
    logopedia
    percepcja
    speech-language therapy
    ommunication
    speech
    COVID-19 prevention
    speech perception
    speech production
    logopaedics
    perception
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to emphasise some issues arising from the measures undertaken in the prevention of SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19), as commented from the perspective of a speech and language therapist. The consequences mentioned in the article may affect not only the speech and language therapist’s diagnosis and intervention, but also the everyday activities of educators and special educators, psychologists, or parents engaged in the verbal transmission of information or complex communication behaviour. The article focuses on the connection of the selected phenomena we identify in the context of the multimodal notion of perception, comprehension, and production of speech, which we adopt with regard to the paradigm shift of providing modern speech language therapy in various (educational, clinical, or counselling) environments. In order to do so, this paper employs the scientific results of phoniatrics, audiology, neurology, stomatology and orthodontics, psychology, and other disciplines connected to speech perception and production of verbal and nonverbal communication.
    Celem w artykule jest zwrócenie uwagi na wybrane problemy wynikające ze stosowania środków zapobiegania zakażeniu SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19), przedstawione z perspektywy logopedy. Mogą one wpływać nie tylko na diagnostykę i terapię logopedyczną, ale także na codzienne czynności wychowawców, terapeutów, psychologów czy rodziców włączonych w proces przekazywania informacji za pomocą mowy lub innych złożonych zachowań komunikacyjnych. W artykule podjęto namysł nad związkami wybranych zjawisk, rozpoznawanych w kontekście multimodalnego spojrzenia na percepcję, rozumienie i produkcję mowy, zgodnie ze zmianą paradygmatu ukierunkowaną na prowadzenie terapii logopedycznej w różnych środowiskach (np. wychowawczym, klinicznym czy poradniczym). Uwzględniono wyniki badań naukowych z zakresu foniatrii, audiologii, neurologii, stomatologii i ortodoncji, a także innych dyscyplin związanych z problematyką percepcji mowy oraz komunikowania werbalnego i niewerbalnego.
    Źródło:
    Logopedia Silesiana; 2020, 9; 1-18
    2300-5246
    2391-4297
    Pojawia się w:
    Logopedia Silesiana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Towards spike-based speech processing: a biologically plausible approach to simple acoustic classification
    Autorzy:
    Uysal, I.
    Sathyendra, H.
    Harris, J. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907947.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    kodowanie synchroniczne
    blokowanie fazowe
    percepcja mowy
    psychoakustyka
    rozpoznawanie mowy
    spike coding
    synchrony coding
    phase locking
    speech perception
    psychoacoustics
    speech recognition
    Opis:
    Shortcomings of automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications are becoming more evident as they are more widely used in real life. The inherent non-stationarity associated with the timing of speech signals as well as the dynamical changes in the environment make the ensuing analysis and recognition extremely difficult. Researchers often turn to biology seeking clues to make better engineered systems, and ASR is no exception with the usage of feature sets such as Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, which employ filter banks similar to cochlear filter banks in frequency distribution and bandwidth. In this paper, we delve deeper into the mechanics of the human auditory system to take this biological inspiration to the next level. The main goal of this research is to investigate the computation potential of spike trains produced at the early stages of the auditory system for a simple acoustic classification task. First, various spike coding schemes from temporal to rate coding are explored, together with various spike-based encoders with various simplicity levels such as rank order coding and liquid state machine. Based on these findings, a biologically plausible system architecture is proposed for the recognition of phonetically simple acoustic signals which makes exclusive use of spikes for computation. The performance tests show superior performance on a noisy vowel data set when compared with a conventional ASR system.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2008, 18, 2; 129-137
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Percepción de acento y acortamiento vocálico en español
    Autorzy:
    Broś, Karolina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079783.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Neofilologii
    Tematy:
    speech perception
    perception of non-native sounds
    stress pttern
    vowel reduction
    default vowel
    Spanish sound perception
    percepción
    patrón melódico
    reducción vocálica
    percepción de la schwa
    vocal por defecto
    sonidos no nativos
    Opis:
    Spanish is well-known for its consonant reduction processes across all dialects. At the same time, its vowel inventory is not particularly rich, with five evenly distributed, stable vowel categories that tend not to change their qualities regardless of stress and rhythm. At the same time, several Spanish varieties show vowel reduction, but crucially without accompanying advancement in terms of consonantal weakening. Based on this evidence it is proposed that the two types of reduction are correlated to the extent that one excludes the other. Given the extraordinary stability of the Spanish vowels in the vast majority of the dialects, various cues to stress and reduction were investigated, followed by a series of empirical studies in the form of perception experiments. These studies are based on the assumption that changes in Spanish stress and vowel quality should inhibit comprehension of native categories (sounds, words and prosodic elements). The research conducted in order to test this hypothesis has shown that this is indeed the case. What is more, an indication of a potential boundary between native segments with important implications for speech signal perception has been discovered.
    Źródło:
    Itinerarios; 2015, 22; 13-34
    1507-7241
    Pojawia się w:
    Itinerarios
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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