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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wybranych środków zrywkowych na uszkodzenia gleby w rębnych drzewostanach bukowo - jodłowych
    The impact of selected skidding techniques on soil damage in beech-fir timber stands
    Autorzy:
    Kulak, D.
    Barszcz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013081.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby lesne
    warstwa wierzchnia
    oddzialywanie na glebe
    zrywka drewna
    uszkodzenia gleby
    drzewostany bukowo-jodlowe
    lesnictwo
    skidery
    zrywka ciagnikiem
    zrywka konna
    skidding
    soil damage
    horse
    skidder
    farm tractor
    Opis:
    The extent and structure of topsoil damage caused by different skidding techniques, like horse, skidder and farm tractor operating together, were determined. The research was carried out during the final cuts in the beech−fir stands situated in the foothill zone. The smallest extent of damage was caused by horse skidding (15% of stand area), while the largest – by skidder (18%). At the same time, the highest volume of disturbed soil (40 m3/ha) characterised horse skidding while the lowest (30 m3/ha) was observed when all the three skidding techniques were used. Analysis of the dimensions (area and volume) of single soil disturbances showed the smallest damage caused by skidder. The larger area and volume of disturbed soil was characteristic for the joint use of the three different skidding techniques. The research showed that soil damage caused by horse skidding was twice less likely than if skidder was used and over 2.5 times more probable if skidding was performed by several techniques.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 12; 20-28
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charakterystyka uszkodzeń powierzchniowych warstw gleby podczas zrywki drewna ciągnikami rolniczymi w trzebieżowych drzewostanach sosnowych
    Characteristics of topsoil layers damage during wood skidding with farm tractors in thinning pine-stands
    Autorzy:
    Sowa, J. M.
    Kulak, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/290341.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
    Tematy:
    trzebież
    sosna
    zrywka
    ciągnik rolniczy
    szkoda
    gleba
    thinning
    pine
    skidding
    farm tractor
    damage
    soil
    Opis:
    Celem badań było określenie rozmiaru i poznanie cech charakterystycznych naruszeń pokrywy glebowej powstałych w trakcie wykonywania zrywki drewna za pomocą ciągników rolniczych. Zakres prac ograniczono do niżowych, trzebieżowych drzewostanów sosnowych. Zrywka drewna w trzebieżach wczesnych spowodowała zniszczenia pokrywy glebowej na 2,57% powierzchni zrębowej, a w późnych na 3,63% zrębu. Dominującą formą uszkodzeń były ubicia, których udział w trzebieżach wczesnych wyniósł 84%, zaś w późnych 67%. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że o zaobserwowanych w badaniach różnicach w poziomie szkód w wierzchniej warstwie gleby pomiędzy trzebieżami wczesnymi i późnymi zadecydowała liczba powstałych naruszeń gleby, a nie powierzchnia pojedynczych uszkodzeń.
    The purpose of the research was to determine size and to get to know characteristic features of soil cover damage occurring during wood skidding with farm tractors. The scope of works was limited to lowland, thinning pine-stands. Wood skidding in first thinnings resulted in soil cover destruction at 2.57% of total felling area, and in secondary thinnings at 3.63% of total felling area. Compressions were prevailing form of damage. Their share in first thinnings reached 84%, and in secondary thinnings - 67%. Completed analyses indicate that differences in topsoil damage level between first and secondary thinnings, observed during the experiment, are determined by total number of soil damages, and not individual damage area.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2008, R. 12, nr 1(99), 1(99); 353-361
    1429-7264
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czasochłonność zrywki drewna skiderem z drzewostanu do szlaku operacyjnego
    Time consumption of log extraction from the stand to the skid trail using the skidder
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, G.
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    timber harvesting
    skidding
    working time
    time consumption
    modelling
    Opis:
    Skidders are used at two stages of log extraction: when pulling logs to a skid trail and for further semi−suspended log skidding along the trail to a landing. The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of a skidder operator performing timber extraction from the stand to the trail, and to develop time−consumption models depending on terrain slope and skidding distance. The research was done in stands situated in central and southern Poland, where late thinning and cutting in areas between tree groups (group clear cut) were performed. The timber was transported to skid trails by means of LKT 82 cable skidders. The timber was pulled to the trail on slopes with inclinations ranging from –30° (up the slope) via 0° (on a flat surface) to 38° (down the slope) at a maximum distance of 70 m. Time study of work cycles was performed and the volume of timber harvested in each package was calculated. Analyses of working time and its time consumption were performed for the operational working time. The measurements covered a total of 269 log extraction cycles with a total duration of over 20 hours. Altogether 752 logs with a total volume of over 520 m3 were extracted. The large share of time was devoted to load attaching and detaching (40%). Quite a large share of log extraction (24%) was associated with the long skidding distances. The time of stretching the collecting rope in the case of skidding up the slope (an average of 60 s) was significantly shorter than in the flat terrain or skidding down the slope (70 s). The average duration of a skidding cycle was also affected by the direction of the slope. Rectilinear relationships were determined between the duration of a skidding cycle and the terrain slope, as well as the skidding distance. The combined effect of these features on the duration of skidding was described. The duration of a skidding cycle was influenced by distance (61% of the general variability) more than the slope (16%). The time consumption of the skidding amounted to ca 12 min/m3. Two homogeneous groups were determined: uphill skidding as well as skidding in flat terrain and downhill. The relationship between the time consumption and the number of logs extracted along with their volume took the form of an exponential regression. The time consumption standard of log extraction performed with the use of a skidder along a skid trail should be supplemented with the time of forming timber packages in the stand and pulling them to the trail, with an additional distinction between the direction of skidding and terrain slope.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 04; 311-320
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wydajność zrywki drewna skiderem na terenach pochyłych
    Efficiency of timber skidding on the slopes
    Autorzy:
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Szewczyk, G.
    Wala, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980264.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    skidery
    struktura czasu pracy
    wydajnosc pracy
    modelowanie
    timber harvesting
    skidding
    working time
    modelling
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of an operator of the LKT 82 skidder performing timber skidding on the sloping area, and to develop models of efficiency and time−consumption of the work depending on selected factors characteristic of the described transport process. The research was performed in the Sucha Forest District (S Poland). We considered two treatments: late thinning and felling performed in stands with the dominating share of beech. Logs obtained with chainsaws were initially extracted with horses and laid at the slope road. Later on the additional skidding with skidder tractor was done. Continuous timing of individual operations was performed with the use of a microcomputer equipped with time measurement software (accuracy of 1 second). We also determined skidding distance using a GPS device, the number of extracted logs in the load, and the volume of the logs. The total timing measurements lasted for a total of 70 h 24 min 27 s. During that time, the tractor made 72 cycles, transporting 998 logs with a total volume of 493.3 m3. In the mature stand, the average skidding distance amounted to approximately 1,160 m, a single load consisted of 3−4 logs with a volume of 7.7 m3. The operational efficiency of the skidding was 9.1 m3/h. In the thinning stand, the skidding distance was 1,230 m, the average load consisted of 22 logs with a volume of 5.8 m3. The operational efficiency amounted to 7.8 m3/h, on average. The working time structure was dominated by auxiliary (over 60%) and effective (nearly 30%) times. The obtained regression models of the duration of activities from the group of operational times were characterised by high correlation coefficient (about 0.75 for skidding time and driving without a load). Relatively strong relationships (r > 0.5) were also found between the times of collecting cable pulling and load attachment, and the volume of the extracted loads, and in the case of the times of collecting cable pulling also the type of treatment performed. The regression models for the times of log stacking, pulling the loads up with the winch and detaching them, despite the fact that they were statistically significant, characterised by relatively low correlation coefficients. The relationship between skidding efficiency and skidding distance was also determined (fig.). The duration of skidding cycles was described using the multiple regression with the volume of single loads and the skidding distance as the determinants. The regression models of skidding efficiency and time−consumption of skidding cycles may find practical application in estimating the efficiency of the tasks performed in stands and under conditions similar to those analysed in the present research.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 601-609
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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